Riva and Dimo Szrajer rest under a tree.
Overview
- Caption
- Riva and Dimo Szrajer rest under a tree.
- Date
-
Circa 1937 - 1940
- Locale
- Radziwillow, [Volhynia; Ukraine] Poland
- Variant Locale
- Chervonoarmeisk
USSR
Ukraine
Radyvyliv
Radzivvilov - Photo Credit
- United States Holocaust Memorial Museum, courtesy of Beverly Mizrachi
Rights & Restrictions
- Photo Source
-
United States Holocaust Memorial Museum
Copyright: United States Holocaust Memorial MuseumProvenance: Beverly Mizrachi
Keywords & Subjects
Administrative Notes
- Biography
- [DRAFT]
Beverly (Basia) (b. February 10, 1941) in Radziwillow, Poland, to Reva (Riva) Goldschmidt Shrayer (b. 1920?-approximately 1942) and Dimo Shrayer (b. 1920?-approximately 1942). Her maternal grandfather was Moshe Goldschmidt, and her maternal uncle was Mordechai Goldschmidt. Both Dimo and Reva were pharmacists, with Dimo having his own drug store in the town. The Shrayer family remained in the town until the Nazis invaded, and took Riva and Dimo to the forest where they were killed by the Einsatzgruppen. Prior to her execution Riva had given Basia to their Christian maid whom had worked in their house in 1942. The maid lived in small village where the Gestapo suspected that she might be illegally housing a Jewish child. One day, while the maid, her husband and Basia were having a picnic dinner outside. The Gestapo arrived to investigate their suspicions. The maid pushed Basia under the tablecloth to hide her. The Gestapo questioned the maid and her husband whether they were hiding a Jewish child, to which they replied that they were not. The Gestapo were incensed with their replies, and proceeded to shoot the maid and her husband, leaving the house without doing a searching it, and leaving the bodies lying on the floor. Basia traumatized, saw the bodies and hid in nearby bushes where she spent the night. The following morning, the maid’s mother came looking for her, and discovered the bodies, and Basia hiding in the bushes. She subsequently took Basia to live wither, where she lived for an unknown amount of time, probably around several months to a year, with the couple’s other children. Again the Gestapo became suspicious, and threatened the couple hiding Basia, that if they were harboring a Jewish child, they would kill all of them.
Friends of Basia’s parents who were partisans would frequently check up on her. One day the Gestapo came and arrested Basia, who at the time of her arrest was wearing a cross. The maid’s mother had previously warned Basia, that if she were to be arrested she should answer all their questions in the affirmative. During her interrogation, Basia answered ‘Yes’ to every question. The interrogating officer then told her that she could have anything she desired if she told the truth. When Basia replied that all she wanted was to use the toilet, the SS guard slapped her across the face so she hit the wall with such force that she eventually lost most of the sight in her left eye. Basia was subsequently released back to the maid’s mother. However, the partisans feared that the maid’s mother would crack under the pressure the Gestapo were putting on her and her family. They took Basia to the woods with them. However, a short time later the Gestapo found their hideout in the woods, and arrested them all. They were all put on a train and sent a labor camp in Poland, where Basia remained until the end of the war. At the camp the women were sent right, and the men left. At this point, Basia didn’t know where she was supposed to go. A Nazi officer noticed her and told her he wanted her to clean his boots and the toilet, giving her a job, which saved her life. Basia slept in the woman’s barracks and was brought to the officers’ quarters every morning, where she cleaned his boots and toilet, until she was returned at night. Basia remained in the camp for approximately one year, until the war ended.
One of the women in the barracks wanted to return to Berlin, and decided to take Basia with her. Arriving on foot and at night in Berlin, which had been split into two zones separated by barbed wire, the woman stood up near the fence and was seen in the moonlight by soldiers guarding the fence. She was shot and killed, thus leaving Basia alone to fend for herself.
According to Basia’s testimony, she remained alone living as a ‘street kid’. However, there is conflicting evidence according to photographs of Basia taken at that time, which suggest that she may have actually been taken in by an orphanage. She was also sent clothes while at the orphanage by distant cousins living in Philadelphia, who soon after adopted her in 1946. The hypothesis is that they may have found Basia’s name on a list of orphans looking for homes in the U.S. by the United States Refugee Committee. In 1946 Basia arrived in Philadelphia, where she lived with the couple who were older, and already had grown children. However, they felt an obligation to their young relative, and raised her as their own. It was in Philadelphia that Basia changed her name to Berverly (Beverli).
At the age of sixteen, Beverly went to Israel for the summer, where she met her uncle Mordechai Goldschmidt for the first time, who had survived the war in Siberia. At the age of nineteen she made Aliya to Israel, where she attended Hebrew University to study social work. Beverly attained a PHD in the field, and taught it for many years.
Beverly has two daughters, and four grandchildren.
Basia Szrajer (Schreyer, later Beverly Mizrachi) was born February 10, 1941 in Radzivilov, Poland, to Reva (Riva) Goldschmidt Szrajer (ca. 1920- 1942) and Dimo Szrajer (ca. 1920-1942). Both Dimo and Reva were pharmacists. After the start of World War II, Radzivilov fell under the Soviet zone of occupation until the German invasion of the Soviet Union in June 1941. In 1942 Riva and Dimo were taken to the forest where they were killed by the Einsatzgruppen. Prior to her execution Riva had given one-year-old Basia to their Christian maid, who brought Basia to live with her and her husband in her small village.
At some point the Gestapo, suspecting that the maid might be hiding a Jewish child, came to her home to investigate. She pushed Basia under the tablecloth to hide her and, under Gestapo questioning, she and her husband denied that they were hiding a child. Incensed with their replies, the Gestapo proceeded to shoot the couple. They left the house without searching it and left the bodies lying on the floor. Basia, traumatized, spent the night hiding in nearby bushes. The following morning, the maid’s mother discovered the bodies, and Basia hiding in the bushes. She took Basia to live with her and her other children. Basia remained with her for several months to a year. Again the Gestapo became suspicious, and threatened the couple hiding Basia if they were harboring a Jewish child.
Friends of Basia’s parents who were partisans frequently checked up on her. One day the Gestapo came and arrested Basia, though she was wearing a cross. The maid’s mother had previously warned Basia that if she were to be arrested she should answer all their questions in the affirmative, so during her interrogation Basia answered "yes" to every question. The interrogating officer told her that she could have anything she desired if she told the truth. When Basia replied that all she wanted was to use the toilet, the SS guard slapped her across the face hard, causing her to hit the wall with such force that she eventually lost most of the sight in her left eye. Basia was subsequently released back to the maid’s mother. However, the partisans feared that the maid’s mother would crack under the pressure that the Gestapo were putting on her and her family., so they brought Basia to the woods with them. A short time later the Gestapo found their hideout in the woods, and arrested them all. They were all put on a train and sent a labor camp in Poland, where Basia remained until the end of the war. At the camp the women were sent right, and the men left, but Basia didn’t know where she was supposed to go. A Nazi officer noticed her and told her he wanted her to clean his boots and the toilet. This gave her a job, which saved her life. Basia slept in the woman’s barracks and was brought to the officers’ quarters every morning, where she cleaned his boots and toilet, until she was returned at night. Basia remained in the camp for approximately one year, until the war ended.
After the war's end, one of the women in the barracks wanted to return to Berlin, and decided to take Basia with her. They arrived on foot and at night in Berlin, which had been split into two zones separated by barbed wire. The woman stood up near the fence and was seen in the moonlight by soldiers who were guarding it. She was shot and killed, leaving Basia alone to fend for herself.
In early 1947 Basia came to the United States to live with distant cousins in Philadelphia, who soon after adopted her. They may have found Basia’s name on a list of orphans looking for homes in the U.S. by the United States Refugee Committee. Basia then changed her name to Beverly. When Beverly was sixteen, she went to Israel for the summer, where she met her mother’s brother Mordechai Goldschmidt for the first time. He had survived the war in Siberia. At the age of nineteen she made Aliya to Israel, where she attended Hebrew University to study social work. Beverly attained a PHD in the field, and taught it for many years. She has two daughters, and four grandchildren. She died in February 2022.
- Record last modified:
- 2018-04-23 00:00:00
- This page:
- https://collections.ushmm.org/search/catalog/pa1184275
