LEADER 04220cam a2200433Ia 4500001 65483 005 20240621172144.0 008 010509s1999 xx rb 000 0 eng d 035 (OCoLC)ocm46912787 035 65483 049 LHMA 040 CSL |beng |erda |cCSL |dLHM 090 HV6322.7 |b.B369 1999 100 1 Barnes, M. Catherine, |d1965- 245 10 Beyond conflict : |bthe structure and purposes of genocide in the 20th century / |cby M. Catherine Barnes. 264 1 [Place of publication not identified] : |b[publisher not identified], |c1999. 300 xi, 916 pages 336 text |btxt |2rdacontent 337 unmediated |bn |2rdamedia 338 volume |bnc |2rdacarrier 502 Thesis (M.S.)--George Mason University, 1999. 504 Includes bibliographical references (leaves 899-915). 500 Vita. 520 This study sets out to explore the etiology of genocide as a form of conflict. Based on comparison of ten cases (Aché of Paraguay, Ottoman Armenians, Burundi, Bosnia, Cambodia, Herero, Indonesia, Maya, Nazi, and Rwanda), a conflict theory of genocide in the 20th century is developed, centered around the functions of genocide for the organizers and the structural conditions that enables it to occur. The dissertation includes a substantial write-up of each case and concludes with ideas for genocide transformation. It is argued that genocide is inherently a political phenomenon; it is 'about' obtaining and maximizing power and control. Genocide is functionally useful for regime consolidation (establishing hegemony), regime expansion (forcible incorporation of new resources), and regime maintenance (eliminating threat). Distinctions are made between the intent of the perpetrator (genocide as instrumental tactic versus integral goal) and primary motives (political, economic, strategic). The perpetrators assume the power to define and choose their victims, who are typically seen as either active or implicit communities of resistance . They are perceived as either an 'existential threat' to the safety and well-being of the regime's constituency or as a' strategic obstacle' that must be eliminated to achieve the regime's ideal. Each case was studied systematically to ascertain the existence and relative salience of 38 pre-identified factors and to identify other patterns in the dynamics and structure of genocide within and across cases. These factors comprise situational characteristics (economic and social stress), historical factors, group identity and ideological characteristics, positional dynamics in the victim/perpetrator relationship, political and regime factors, strategic factors, and international relations characteristics. Regime characteristics are identified as the primary causal factors in genocide. The other factors are significant in: (a) enabling the emergence of a genocidal regime; (b) supporting the mobilization of a genocidal movement; (c) facilitating implementation of a genocidal plan. These form the genocidal calculus: the factors that accelerate the motivation and potential success of genocide in the perpetrator's calculations, countered by the factors that decelerate its development. An activist approach to genocide transformation is advocated based on addressing the needs for recognition, justice, political transformation, development, and reconciliation. 530 Electronic version(s) |bavailable internally at USHMM. 533 Photocopy. |bAnn Arbor, Mich. : |cUMI Dissertation Services, |d2001. |e2 v. (xi, 916 p.) ; 22 cm. 590 Dissertations and Theses 591 Record updated by Marcive processing 21 June 2024 650 0 Genocide |vCase studies. 650 0 Genocide |xHistory |y20th century. 650 0 Genocide |xPolitical aspects. 650 0 Genocide |xPrevention. 655 7 Case studies. |2lcgft 856 41 |uhttp://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=730589761&sid=18&Fmt=6&clientId=54617&RQT=309&VName=PQD |zElectronic version from ProQuest 956 41 |u http://dc.ushmm.org/library/bib65483/9956325.pdf |z Hosted by USHMM. 994 E0 |bLHM 852 0 |bstacks |hHV6322.7 |i.B369 1999 |tv. 1-2 852 |bwww 852 |bebook