Leo B. Holocaust testimony (HVT-2680) interviewed by Joanne Weiner Rudof and Barbara Hadley Katz,

Videotape testimony of Leo B., who was born in Sosnowiec, Poland in 1918 to a family of seven children. He describes family life, especially his mother's vital role; the outbreak of war; anti-Jewish measures; being humiliated by Germans; forced labor in a factory; one brother's deportation in 1941; his sisters' deportation in 1942; a round-up in 1942; his father's and aunt's deportation (he never saw them again); his deportation to Gräditz (he never saw his mother, oldest brother and sister again); transfer in three months to Brande, then Blechhammer; and forced labor and beatings, from which he still bears scars. Mr. B. recalls assistance from local people in Gräditz and a German girl in Brande; Lageraltester Karl Demerer in Blechhammer; liberation from Blechhammer by civilians in 1945; walking to Sosnowiec; the return of two sisters; moving with them to Reichenbach; reunion with his surviving brother; traveling with his brother and sisters to Erding; his sisters' marriages; his brother's emigration to the United States in 1950; and his own in 1951. He reflects on the futility of the deaths of his mother, brothers, and sisters; the pervasiveness of his memories; and his doubts that the world can ever learn a lesson.