Bart S. Holocaust testimony (HVT-438) interviewed by Ruby Bubis and Janet Hadda

Videotape testimony of Bart S., who was born in Užhorod, Czechoslovakia and was twelve at the time of the Hungarian occupation in November 1938. He recalls Jewish refugees who fled from Sudetenland; being terrified that a Jewish community could disintegrate so rapidly; anti-Jewish laws; German occupation in 1944; suicides in the cattle car during deportation to Birkenau; transfer with his two older brothers to Auschwitz; slave labor in a coal mine in Jaworzno; his sense of complete hopelessness; transfer to a death block in Birkenau; hiding during evacuation in January 1945 (his brothers perished on the march); joining the Soviet army after liberation; and killing many Germans and Poles in a one week period. Mr. S. discusses praying and marking Jewish holidays in the camps, including Yom Kippur, Hanukkah and the Sabbath, and the strength he continues to derive from orthodox Judiasm.