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Oral history interview with Anna Nowak

Oral History | Digitized | Accession Number: 1998.A.0300.97 | RG Number: RG-50.488.0097

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    Oral history interview with Anna Nowak

    Overview

    Interview Summary
    Anna Nowak (née Gniaż), born on June 24, 1919 in Szebnie, Poland, discusses her experiences during WWII around Szebnie; living on the estate owned by the Gorayski family; being 20 years old when the war began; the manor house on the estate becoming a boarding house for German officers and SS-men who administered the nearby Szebnie concentration camp; the boarding house, which was used by successive commandants of the camp, including Anton Scheidt and Hans Kellermann, for debaucheries and parties; her acquaintances with the Jewish, Polish, and German women “domestics” (many of whom may have been treated as sex workers) who attended to these parties; her work at the house, attending to the guests and cleaning up the mess after them; the camp inmates who were brought in after the parties to do repairs on the house; the day-to-day cleaning of the apartments being delegated to a number of Jewish and non-Jewish domestics; details on some of the domestics, some of whom had sexual relationships with the officers; her memories of one of the camp’s Kapos Mr. Folkman, who was a German Jew and was given a lot of freedom by Commandant Kellerman; some of the camp commandants and other functionaries being arrested by the Reich for embezzlement and for enriching themselves from wealth stolen from the Jewish camp prisoners; and hiding a Jewish orderly named Adolf Wolfgang for a month in her attic to prevent him from being sent to Dobrucowa Forest to be executed.
    Interviewee
    Anna Nowak
    Date
    interview:  1999 July 12
    Credit Line
    United States Holocaust Memorial Museum Collection, courtesy of the Jeff and Toby Herr Foundation

    Physical Details

    Language
    Polish
    Extent
    3 videocasettes (Betacam SP) : sound, color ; 1/2 in..

    Rights & Restrictions

    Conditions on Access
    There are no known restrictions on access to this material.
    Conditions on Use
    No restrictions on use

    Keywords & Subjects

    Personal Name
    Nowak, Anna.

    Administrative Notes

    Provenance
    This is a witness interview of the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum's Perpetrators, Collaborators, and Witnesses: The Jeff and Toby Herr Testimony Initiative, a multi-year project to record the testimonies of non-Jewish witnesses to the Holocaust. The interview was directed and supervised by Nathan Beyrak.
    Funding Note
    The production of this interview was made possible by Jeff and Toby Herr.
    The cataloging of this oral history interview has been supported by a grant from the Conference on Jewish Material Claims Against Germany.
    Record last modified:
    2023-11-16 08:54:19
    This page:
    https:​/​/collections.ushmm.org​/search​/catalog​/irn510421

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