A large crowd gathers in front of the Rathaus to hear the exhortations of a Nazi orator [possibly Julius Streicher] during the "Beer Hall Putsch."

Photograph | Digitized | Photograph Number: 06830

Overview

Caption: A large crowd gathers in front of the Rathaus to hear the exhortations of a Nazi orator [possibly Julius Streicher] during the "Beer Hall Putsch."
Date: 1923 November 09
Locale: Munich, [Bavaria] Germany
Variant Locale: Muenchen
Photo Credit: United States Holocaust Memorial Museum, courtesy of William O. McWorkman
Event History: In 1923 the leaders of the German Combat Front and the NSDAP, led by General Erich von Ludendorff and Adolf Hitler respectively, attempted to overthrow the government of Bavaria as the first step toward the establishment of a nationalist regime in Germany. On November 8, a meeting was held in the Buergerbraukeller in Munich where, after a speech by Adolf Hitler, the putschists called for a march on Berlin. The next day General Ludendorff led the rebels on a march through Munich to the Feldherrnhalle. There, police broke up the march, killing sixteen people and wounding many more, including Hermann Goering. Adolf Hitler fled the scene but was captured two days later at the home of his comrade, Ernst Hanfstaengel. Prominent pro-Nazi government officials withdrew their support, and the putsch was quickly put down by the German army. Hitler and other captured putschists were tried and convicted of treason. While Hitler was imprisoned in Landsberg, he wrote his political manifesto, Mein Kampf. Upon his release in 1925, Hitler resumed leadership of the Nazi Party.

https://www.ushmm.org/wlc/en/article.php?ModuleId=10007884.

Photo Source: United States Holocaust Memorial Museum

Copyright: United States Holocaust Memorial Museum

Provenance: William O. McWorkman
Published Source: Putsch!: How Hitler Made Revolution - Hanser, Richard - P. H. Wyden

Keyword: BEER HALL PUTSCH CROWDS GERMANS MUNICH NAZI OFFICIALS SPECTATORS/AUDIENCES/BYSTANDERS SPEECHES STREETCARS STREICHER, JULIUS
Photo Designation: INTERWAR EUROPE -- Germany (before 1-30-33) -- Hitler -- Munich Trial/Putsch

Biography: Julius Streicher (1885-1946), German politician and publisher of the radical, anti-Semitic newspaper, Der Stuermer (The Militant). Prior to World War I, Streicher was an elementary school teacher. After the war he was a founding member of the German Social Party, which merged with the NSDAP in 1921. Two years later, he founded Der Stuermer, which he used to instill anti-Jewish feelings amongst the German people. In 1925 Streicher was made Gauleiter of Franconia. His membership in the NSDAP, coupled with his virulent anti-Semitism, forced Streicher out of teaching, leaving him to devote his full attention to politics and Der Stuermer. In 1929 he was elected to the Bavarian legislature and in 1933, to the Reichstag. Following the Nazi seizure of power, Streicher's Jew baiting became a handicap to the party and by 1940, he had been dismissed from all National Socialist posts. After the war he was tried before the International Military Tribunal at Nuremberg, convicted of crimes against humanity and hanged.

[Source: Zentner, Christian. "Encyclopedia of the Third Reich." MacMillan, 1991.]