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German soldiers force Jewish men to perform calisthenics on Eleftheria (Freedom) Square in Salonika. The man in the background has collapsed from exhaustion.

Photograph | Photograph Number: 76455
German soldiers force Jewish men to perform calisthenics on Eleftheria (Freedom) Square in Salonika. The man in the background has collapsed from exhaustion.

German soldiers force Jewish men to perform calisthenics on Eleftheria (Freedom) Square in Salonika. The man in the background has collapsed from exhaustion.

Date
1942 July 11
Locale
Salonika, [Macedonia] Greece
Variant Locale
Thessaloniki
Saloniki
Salonica
Solun
Photo Designation
INVASION & OCCUPATION -- Greece -- JEWS -- Salonika -- Public Humiliation/Round-ups
Photo Credit
United States Holocaust Memorial Museum, courtesy of David Sion

About This Photograph

Event History
In the first large scale public action against the Jews of Salonika, General Kurt von Krenzski, the commander of German forces in northern Greece, ordered all adult Jewish men to assemble on Eleftheria (Freedom) Square on the morning of 11 July 1942 to register for work details. Instead of receiving work assignments, however, the nearly 10,000 men were kept standing in the sun for the entire day while German and Italian soldiers humiliated them in front of the non-Jewish population by forcing them to perform calisthenics and other distasteful tasks. Those who collapsed from the heat and exhaustion were beaten by the troops or doused with cold water and again made to stand.

https://www.ushmm.org/wlc/en/article.php?ModuleId=10005422.

Keywords and Subjects

Rights and Restrictions

Photo Source
United States Holocaust Memorial Museum
Copyright: United States Holocaust Memorial Museum
Provenance: David Sion
Panstwowe Muzeum Auschwitz-Birkenau w Oswiecimiu
Copyright: Agency Agreement
Source Record ID: 13597
Jewish Museum of Greece
Copyright: Exclusively with source
Source Record ID: 47C/25
Central Zionist Archives
Copyright: Agency Agreement
Yad Vashem Photo and Film Archives
Copyright: Agency Agreement
Source Record ID: YV 089C04
Beit Lohamei Haghetaot (Ghetto Fighters’ House Museum)
Copyright: Agency Agreement
Source Record ID: 12822
Published Source
Vernichtungskrieg. Verbrechen der Wehrmacht 1941 bis 1944. - Hamburger Institut fuer Sozialforschung (ed.) - Hamburger Edition, HIS Verlagsges - p. 186
 
Record last modified: 2003-05-15 00:00:00
This page: https://collections.ushmm.org/search/catalog/pa1048018