War crimes and just war / Larry May.

Includes bibliographical references (pages 325-333) and index.

Acknowledgments -- 1. Introduction : Justifying war but restricting tactics -- I. Just war tradition and war crimes -- II. Humanitarian concerns -- III. Justificatory hurdles -- IV. Classifying war crimes -- V. Summary of the arguments of the book -- pt. A. Philosophical groundings -- 2. Collective responsibility and honor during war -- I. Moral equality of soldiers -- II. Honor of soldiers -- III. Collective responsibility for increased vulnerability -- IV. Harming humanity and war crimes prosecutions -- V. Protected persons during war -- 3. Jus gentium and minimal natural law -- I. Grotius on the sources of jus gentium -- II. Grotian natural law theory and the rules of war -- III. Refining the principle of humanity -- IV. Connecting consensual and universal sources of the rules of war -- 4. Humane treatment as the cornerstone of the rules of war -- I. Geneva conventions and international humanitarian law -- II. Concept of humane treatment -- III. Compassion and minimal suffering -- IV. Mercy, equity, and honor -- V. Human rights and humane treatment.

pt. B. Problems in identifying war crimes -- 5. Killing naked soldiers : combatants and noncombatants -- I. Some notes on the metaphysics of social groups -- II. Identifying soldiers and civilians -- III. Guilty and the innocent -- IV. Case of the naked soldier -- V. Saving the principle of discrimination -- 6. Shooting poisoned arrows : banned and accepted weapons -- I. An absolute ban? -- II. Gentili on the use of poisons -- III. Grotius and fairness in contests -- IV. Minimizing suffering -- V. Poisoning and necessity -- 7. Torturing prisoners of war : normal and confined soldiers -- I. Grotius on slaves and prisoners of war -- II. Confinement and torture -- III. Fiduciary and stewardship obligations -- IV. Moral equality of prisoners of war -- V. Refocusing the proportionality principle.

pt. C. Normative principles -- 8. Principle of discrimination or distinction -- I. Focusing on status rather than behavior -- II. Humane treatment and discrimination -- III. Naked soldier returns -- IV. Objections -- V. Individualism and collectivism -- 9. Principle of necessity -- I. Poisons and aerial bombardment -- II. Necessity and humane treatment -- III. Necessity in domestic and international criminal law -- IV. Formulating a test for military necessity -- V. Relating proportionality and necessity -- 10. Principle of proportionality -- I. Israeli case -- II. Humane treatment and proportionality -- III. Proportionality and weighing lives -- IV. Connecting the normative principles of jus in bello.

pt. D. Prosecuting war crimes -- 11. Prosecuting soldiers for war crimes -- I. Kvocka case -- II. Mens rea of camp guards -- III. Criminal liability of soldiers -- IV. Joint criminal liability -- V. Collective liability and international crime -- 12. Prosecuting military leaders for war crimes -- I. Case against General Blaskic -- II. Blaskic's appeal -- III. Mens rea of leaders -- IV. Negligence in international criminal law -- V. Benighting acts, willfulness, and pre-commitment -- 13. Commanded and commanding defenses -- I. Military leaders and necessity -- II. Soldiers and duress -- III. Mitigation of punishment for war crimes -- IV. War and coercion -- V. Treating soldiers and commanders humanely -- 14. Epilogue and conclusions : Should terrorists be treated humanely? -- I. Problem of terrorists -- II. Who are the terrorists? -- III. What are terrorists owed? -- IV. Honor and instilling humaneness -- V. Tu quoque -- VI. Conclusions and the Grotian Project -- Bibliography -- Index.