Jean M. Holocaust testimony (HVT-988) interviewed by Martha Schulwolf and Phyllis O. Ziman Tobin,

Videotape testimony of Jean M., who was born in Zawalów, Poland, in 1922 to a well-established family. She relates attending school in Marijampolé and Stanislav; anti-Semitic incidents; German invasion; forced labor; German humiliation of the Jews; her brother's death at age fourteen in a labor camp; transfer to the Podhajce ghetto; her father's deportation; and her mother's death from typhus, though she herself survived it. Mrs. M. describes "aktions"; hiding in bunkers; the resulting physical and psychological difficulties; mass killings; liquidation of the ghetto; escaping; hiding in the woods; being recaptured; escape from a mass grave when she was left for dead; assistance from Jehovah's Witnesses; reluctance to trust anyone; hiding in a forest bunker with other Jews; liberation by Soviet troops; moving to Buchach; help from a Soviet soldier; fleeing from Buchach because of returning Germans; hiding in a village; working after liberation; return to Podhajce; marriage; moving to Germany; living in a displaced persons camp; and emigration to the United States. Mrs. M. discusses the psychological effects of her experiences and her nightmares in which she is still hiding.