Saul J. Holocaust testimony (HVT-3189) interviewed by interviewed by Arthur Peskoe and Jane Stark,

Videotape testimony of Saul J., who was born in Chmielnik, Poland in 1915, the elder of two brothers. He recounts his father's death when he was six; his mother's remarriage; living with his wealthy grandfather; attending religious and public schools; joining Hashomer Hatzair; clashes with his grandfather over his secular beliefs; moving to Warsaw; fighting against antisemitic violence; working and learning to be a mechanic; German invasion in September 1939; returning to Chmielnik; forced labor clearing snow from local roads; learning he was to be deported; escaping to relatives in Klimontów; returning home, fearing his grandfather would be killed; arrest; release two weeks later; traveling to Warsaw four times as a non-Jew, with assistance from Poles; capture with his brother; escaping alone; finding almost all the Jews gone; joining a small group in the ghetto sorting possessions of the deported and murdered Jews; transfer to Stopnica; escaping and hiding with help from Poles; surrendering; deportation to Kielce concentration camp in November 1942; slave labor in a munitions factory; transfer to Częstochowa in late 1944, then to Buchenwald in January 1945; friends assisting him when he was sick; hospitalization; transfer to Dachau; slave labor; liberation from an evacuation train by United States troops; assistance from the Red Cross; recovering from typhus in Landsberg displaced persons camp; returning to Chmielnik seeking relatives (none survived); returning to Landsberg; meeting his wife; marriage; living in Hamburg; traveling to Liège hoping to emigrate to Argentina to join an uncle; returning to Germany; and emigration to join another uncle in the United States.