Zvi Z. Holocaust testimony (HVT-1833) interviewed by Orna Almog and Shlomit Mahler,

Videotape testimony of Zvi Z., the youngest of ten children, who was raised in Kozin, Poland (presently Ukraine). He recalls moving to Dubno; marriage; Soviet occupation in 1939; a son's birth in 1930 and a daughter's in 1940; working for the Soviets in Shegyni, Dubno, and Nemilov; German invasion in 1941; capture by Germans; falling into the pit during a mass shooting of Jews; climbing out at night through heaps of bodies and the wounded; returning to his home in Dubno; ghettoization; hiding during round-ups for mass killings; his son's murder; working in Kovelʹ processing Soviets being sent to Germany as slave laborers; a Soviet officer advising him to escape; accompanying the officer to Ruz︠h︡yn where they killed a German; stealing Soviet documents; a photographer assisting him in placing his and his family's photographs on the Soviet documents in exchange for documents for him and his family; acquiring clothing in which to escape; visiting Kozin to see his parents and siblings; escaping from the Dubno ghetto with his wife, daughter, and other relatives; a non-Jew whose life he had saved assisting them board a train to Odesa; using their forged papers to obtain housing; feigning deafness so his accent would not be recognized (his wife spoke without an accent); earning a lot of money by trading with partisans; fleeing to Romania in 1944; liberation by Soviet troops in 1945; working for the Soviets; moving to Bucharest; assistance from the Joint and the Red Cross; moving to Constanța; illegal emigration to Palestine in 1946; interdiction by the British; incarceration in ʻAtlit for over a year; and his son's birth in 1950. Mr. Z. notes being the only survivor of his immediate family, and, in 1969, receiving a journal that his sister had kept during the war, which he donated to Yad Vashem.