Joseph W. Holocaust testimony (HVT-1513) interviewed by Bernard Weinstein and Freda Remmers,

Videotape testimony of Joseph W., who was born in Kurów, Poland in 1924, the oldest of three children. He recounts antisemitic harassment at school; his father's Polish military service; German invasion; briefly fleeing with his mother and siblings; his father's return; forced labor in Janiszów; he and his brother escaping a round-up in Końskowola (he never saw his mother and sister again); returning home; reunion with his father; hiding by himself on farms and in fields, then in a forest with other Jews, including an aunt; leaving to find food; learning the others had been killed; receiving food from a local woman; taking care of a maternal aunt in hiding; their capture by German soldiers; escaping (his aunt was killed); liberation by Soviet troops in 1944; draft into the Polish division of the Soviet army; battling against the Germans in Praga; transfer to Katowice; learning his father had been killed by the Armia Krajowa; reunion with his brother; deserting; traveling with his brother to Łódź, then illegally to Bratislava, Vienna, Wels, Salzburg, and Badgastein; and emigration to the United States in 1949. Mr. W. discusses several captures and escapes; not trusting anyone, which helped him to survive; and difficulties sharing his experiences with his children.