Celia K. Holocaust testimony (HVT-1554) interviewed by Toby Blum-Dobkin and Hannah Levinsky-Koevary,

Videotape testimony of Celia K., who was born in Lʹviv, Ukraine (then Poland) in 1935. She recalls their relative affluence; a warm, extended family; cordial relations with non-Jews; German invasion in 1941; former neighbors turning on them; her father's draft into the Soviet military; ghettoization; harsh conditions including starvation, disease, and frequent deaths; her mother going to a labor camp; hiding on her own during round-ups (adults would not take in a young child fearing exposure); witnessing soldiers violently killing children; escaping with her mother, who had arranged to hide her with a Catholic family; living with loving foster parents for a year; having to leave when it became too dangerous; her foster mother, unbeknownst to anyone else, hiding her in a barn; finding her mother was already there; liberation by Soviet troops a year later; reunion with her father; living in displaced persons camps in Germany; emigration to the United States in 1949, when she believes her life truly began; her brother's birth; and caring for him due to her mother's emotional problems. Ms. K. discusses continuing fears and nightmares resulting from her experiences; not sharing her story with her children; and the impact of her experience on them, despite her secrecy.