Alfred F. Holocaust testimony (HVT-3480) interviewed by Miriam Gol and Nathan Beyrak,

Videotape testimony of Alfred F., who was born in Breslau, Germany (presently Wrocław, Poland) in 1920, the older of two siblings. He recounts his father's pro-German sentiments based on his military service in World War I; anti-Jewish laws resulting in his expulsion from school in 1934; attending a Jewish school; moving with his family to Berlin in 1935; participating in Hechalutz; attending their summer camp; hearing Martin Buber speak; non-Jewish neighbors hiding his family during Kristallnacht; his sister's emigration to England, then his to Wieringen, Netherlands with a hachsharah in March 1939; German invasion in May 1940; Germans transferring the hachsharah to Amsterdam; delivering mail to Westerbork for the Joodse Raad; working with the Jewish underground producing false papers, stealing passports from government offices, and supplying food to Jews in hiding; hiding during round-ups; escaping to Brussels with three others; capture while entering France; their release in Lille based on their false papers; traveling to Paris; working as a non-Jew for Organization Todt; delivering weapons to partisans in Toulouse and Nice; being sent to Cuneo, Italy to aid French Jews who had escaped to nearby mountains; trips to Florence, Rome, and Siena for the underground; arrest in Paris in April 1944 as a resistant, not a Jew; incarceration in Fresnes; interrogations, beatings, and torture; transfer to Drancy, Buchenwald, then Witten-Annen; slave labor in a factory, then for a German camp official; contacts with prisoners of war from many countries; escaping from a death march; liberation by United States troops in Lippstadt; repatriation to Deventer; joining Hechalutz in Amsterdam; assignments in Toulouse, Paris, Biarritz, and Sète to arrange illegal emigration to Palestine; illegal emigration by ship; and brief incarceration by the British. Mr. F. discusses the prisoner hierarchy and relationships among national groups in the camps.