Malka N. Holocaust testimony (HVT-3912)

Videotape testimony of Malka N., who was born in Sandomierz, Poland in 1930, the second youngest of seven children. She recounts attending public school, followed by Jewish school in the afternoon; one brother emigrating to Paris; another brother's draft into the Polish army; German invasion; her father's arrest and beating; hiding in their basement during a round-up in October 1942; discovery; she and her mother avoiding detection; a Polish soldier finding and taking them to a labor camp; her mother's release to the ghetto; visiting her; being taken for execution; escaping under fire; returning to the camp; deportation to Starachowice in January 1943; slave labor in a munitions factory; transfer to Auschwitz/Birkenau a year later; hospitalization; reunion with a sister; slave labor in a munitions factory; public hanging of four women following an uprising; transfer in open cattle cars to Ravensbrück, then two weeks later to Malchow; a death march; abandonment by the guards; liberation by Soviet troops; traveling to Łódź, then visiting Sandomierz; leaving her sister in Łódź when she went to Bergen-Belsen displaced persons camp; emigration to Palestine; marriage; and the births of two children. Ms. N. notes having her tattoo removed in Israel and that she and her sister are her immediate family's sole survivors.