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Lidia Kleinman Siciarz collection

Document

Contains five typed letters by Mother Tekla Budnowska to Lidia Kleinman Siciarz and a typed manuscript written by Father Cezar about the clandestine Gymnasium in Kostowiec, active from October 8, 1944, until May 1, 1945.

Photograph

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Photographic image; black and white image of Dr. Mendel Kleinman, donor's father, seated on left and Dr. Gibajlo, a Polish physician who helped Dr. Kleinman to get the job, eating soup in the hospital (donor mentions that they eat only soup and that the rationed bread they saved for the Kleinman family in the ghetto); dated: January 1942; location: Turka, Poland

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Photographic image; black and white image of Dr. Mendel Kleinman, donor's father, leaning on a pillow, wearing a doctor's smock; dated: January 1942; location: Turka, Poland

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Photographic image; black and white image of Dr. Mendel Kleinman, donor's father, standing next to an X-ray machine in the hospital; dated: January 1942; location: Turka, Poland

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Photographic image; black and white image of Dr. Mendel Kleinman, donor's father, standing next to an X-ray machine in the hospital; dated: January 1942; location: Turka, Poland

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Photographic image; black and white image of portrait of Lidia Kleinman, donor, at age eleven; this photograph was taken by her father in the Turka ghetto; dated: 1941; location: Turka ghetto, Poland

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Photographic image; black and white image of portrait of Aniuta Szwarcman Kleinman, donor's mother; dated: 1941; location: Turka ghetto, Poland

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Photographic image; black and white image of nuns and young girls harvesting wheat in the field; (donor notes: during early spring and fall, the older girls in the orphanage worked in the field while younger and weaker girls, like herself, worked peeling potatoes and washing floors and windows; the girls working in the field received an additional ration of bread); dated: summer 1943; location: Lomna, Poland

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Photographic image; black and white image of young girls from the convent orphanage harvesting wheat in the field; the typed caption: "harvest 1943"; dated: summer 1943; location: Lomna, Poland; in Polish

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Photographic image; black and white image of nuns and young girls from the orphanage during the Corpus Christi celebration (standing first on right is Marylka Woloszynska [Lidia Kleinman], donor; a face visible from behind a nun on the right is Teresa Brama, a Jewish girl, hidden in the convent; she survived and is now a physician in Krakow, Poland); dated: June 1942; location: Lomna, Poland

Photograph

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Photographic image; black and white image of nuns, priest and small girls, orphans in the Franciscan convent; seated fourth from left, in the first row is Tereska (last name unknown), a Jewish girl hidden by the nuns, who stayed in the orphanage after the liberation, since no one from her family claimed her; Sister Blanka Piglowska is seated second from right in the second row; Sister Tekla Budnowska is seated third from right in second row; Sister Zofia Olszewska is seated first from left in second row; the sign reads: " Lomna in Lubien on April 24, 1946"; dated: April 24, 1946; location: Lubien Kujawski, Poland; in Polish

Photograph

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Photographic image; black and white image of group of young girls wearing identical dark dresses and a priest; Marylka Woloszynska [Lidia Kleinman], donor, is standing third from right in the last row (donor notes: Sunday, before going to church in Lomna; Every Sunday the girls put navy blue aprons on top of their every day dresses, which had to be returned immediately after mass); dated: April 1942; location: Lomna, Poland

Photograph

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Photographic image; black and white image of group of young girls gathered around a nun, Sister Zofia, on the occasion of a visit of Sister Tekla's brother; the scratched out face is of Marylka Woloszynska [Lidia Kleinman], donor, who did this after she was told by Sister Zofia that she cannot be photographed anymore since she looks too Jewish; Urszula Pfeiffer, daughter of a judge from Sambor, a Jewish girl hidden in the convent is facing the camera, third from left; dated: spring 1942; location: Lomna, Poland

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Photographic image; black and white image of Father Cezar standing in forest; dated: April 27, 1945; Kostowiec, Poland

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Photographic image; black and white image of father Cezar standing with two men and woman; group of girls in the back; Marylka Woloszynska [Lidia Kleinman], donor, is first on left; standing second from right is Elzbieta (?) Sobol, another Jewish girl hidden in the convent; dated: winter 1945; location: Kostowiec, Poland

Photograph

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Photographic image; black and white image of six nuns in front of building; standing first from left is Sister Zofia and next to her is Sister Tekla Budnowska; seated on left is Sister Blanka Piglowska; dated: winter 1945; location: Kostowiec, Poland

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Photographic image; black and white image of group of boys and girls, students in the convent school, with their teachers; standing second from right in the top row is Elzbieta Sobol, a Jewish girl; standing first from right in the second row is Teresa Rogozinska, another Jewish girl hidden in the convent during the war; dated: winter 1945; location: Kostowiec, Poland

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Photographic image; black and white image of group of nuns and priests from the Franciscan order; standing second from right is Sister Zofia Olszewska; third from left is Sister Tekla Budnowska and second from left is Father Cezar Baran; dated: December 1944; location: Kostowiec, Poland

Photograph

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Photographic image; black and white image of group of children and nuns, among them some hidden Jewish children; standing first from right in third row is Marylka Woloszynska [Lidia Kleinman], donor; in the middle in the first row is Tereska (last name unknown); Marysia (last name unknown) stands first from left in the first row and in the back row, fourth from left is Teresa Rogozinska; dated: winter 1945; location: Kostowiec, Poland

Photograph

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Photographic image; black and white image of group of children standing in front of their school, among them some hidden Jewish children; standing first from right in third row is Marylka Woloszynska [Lidia Kleinman], donor; in the middle in the last row is Halina Zlotnicka; dated: December 1944; location: Kostowiec, Poland

Photograph

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Photographic image; black and white image of group of children, two nuns and a priest, among them some hidden Jewish children; seated in the middle in second row is Marylka Woloszynska [Lidia Kleinman], donor; dated: summer 1944; location: Kostowiec, Poland

Photograph

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Photographic image; black and white image of group of children and nuns in front of orphanage building (donor notes: "Last stop - it was here that my father found me on May 4th or 5th, 1945; I remember that on May 9th I was with my father at the Warsaw train station and we heard about the German capitulation"); dated: May 1945; location: Proszew Mazowiecki, Poland

Postcard

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Postcard; black and white image of school building and a church attached to it; preprinted text on bottom: "School for Girls in Lomna"; dated: 1942; location: Lomna, Poland

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Photographic image; black and white image of portrait of Sister Tekla Budnowska who was the Mother Superior of the Franciscan orphanage in which donor was hidden during the war; verso: blue ink handwritten inscription: "To dearest Zosia as a memento of visit in Poland, from Tekla"; dated: c. 1946; location: Warsaw, Poland

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Photographic image; color image of portrait of Sister Blanka Piglowska (in nun's uniform); dated: c. 1965; location: Warsaw, Poland

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Photographic image; black and white image of trees in forest; dated: c. 1945; location: Kostowiec, Poland

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Photographic image; black and white image of Dr. Mendel Kleinman, donor's father, standing in the street; dated: c. 1936; location: Lacko, Poland

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Photographic image; black and white image of Lidia Kleinman, donor, sitting on table in her room, her hair in braids with white bows; dated: c. 1935; location: Lacko, Poland

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Photographic image; black and white image of Lidia Kleinman, donor, hugging her uncle Lolek; (Lolek Szwarcman, youngest brother of Aniuta Szwarcman Kleinman, donor's mother, visited his sister often during his medical studies in Prague, Czechoslovakia, survived the war in the USSR, but his wife and child were killed by Germans); dated: c. 1935; location: Lacko, Poland

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Photographic image; black and white image of Lidia Kleinman, donor, sitting on the balcony of her apartment with her uncle Lolek; dated: c. 1935; location: Lacko, Poland

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Photographic image; black and white image of Lidia Kleinman, donor, standing on the balcony of her apartment; dated: c. 1936; location: Lacko, Poland

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Photographic image; black and white image of Lidia Kleinman, donor, standing on the balcony of her apartment; dated: c. 1936; location: Lacko, Poland

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Photographic image; black and white image of Lidia Kleinman, donor, playing with Jerzyk Repelowicz, son of policeman and neighbor; dated: 1935; location: Lacko, Poland

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Photographic image; black and white image of Lidia Kleinman, donor, hugging her cousin, Ola Weinberger (Ola Weinberger was the daughter of Berta Szwarcman, Aniuta's oldest sister, and Filip Weinberger, a pharmacist, who lived in Krynica; in 1943 the whole family was shot in a forest near Pinsk; donor notes that her grandmother, Basia Kagan Szwarcman, hid silverware in the garden of her house and during the mass executions she begged a German soldier to spare the life of Ola in return for the silver; Ola led the soldier to the garden and after recovering the treasure, he shot her); dated: 1935; location: Lacko, Poland

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Photographic image; black and white image of Lidia Kleinman, donor, playing in her room; dated: c. 1935; location: Lacko, Poland

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Photographic image; black and white image of Lidia Kleinman, donor, standing outside in snow; dated: c. 1936; location: Lacko, Poland

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Photographic image; black and white image of Lidia Kleinman, donor, standing in her backyard with Cesia Repelowicz, a neighbor; dated: c. 1936; location: Lacko, Poland

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Photographic image; black and white image of Lidia Kleinman, donor, playing in her room; dated: c. 1935; location: Lacko, Poland

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Photographic image; black and white image of Lidia Kleinman, donor, standing outside her house; dated: c. 1934; location: Lacko, Poland

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Photographic image; black and white image of Lidia Kleinman, donor, left, playing outside with her cousin Zula Grossbard (Zula Shulamit Grosbard, born 1930, was the daughter of Regina Kleinman, donor's paternal aunt, and Mendel Grossbard; she survived the war hidden by her grandmother's maid; today she is a physician, living in Poland); dated: c. 1934; location: Lacko, Poland

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Photographic image; black and white image of Lidia Kleinman, donor, on left, playing outside with her cousin Zula Grossbard; dated: c. 1935; location: Lacko, Poland

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Photographic image; black and white image of Lidia Kleinman, donor, playing in her room with Jerzyk Repelowicz, son of policeman and neighbor; dated: 1935; location: Lacko, Poland

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Photographic image; black and white image of Lidia Kleinman, donor, playing in her room with Jerzyk Repelowicz, son of policeman and neighbor, who is holding doll; dated: 1935; location: Lacko, Poland

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Photographic image; black and white image of Lidia Kleinman, donor, wearing white cap, playing in her room; dated: 1936; location: Lacko, Poland

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Photographic image; black and white image of Lidia Kleinman, donor, wearing her father's fur coat; dated: March 15, 1936; location: Lacko, Poland

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Photographic image; black and white image of Lidia Kleinman, donor, wearing her father's fur coat; dated: March 15, 1936; location: Lacko, Poland

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Photographic image; black and white image of Lida Kleinman, donor, standing in dining room; dated: 1936; location: Lacko, Poland

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Photographic image; black and white image of Lida Kleinman, donor, standing with her father, Dr. Mendel Kleinman, in their garden; dated: 1934; location: Lacko, Poland

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Photographic image; black and white image of Aniuta Szwarcman Kleinman, donor's mother, on right, working in her vegetable garden with her friend, Maria Chwalibóg (donor notes that her mother was arrested while being on her way to Maria's brother, Jan Chwalibóg, an architect, in Lvov, who wanted to hide her); dated: 1937-1938; location: Lacko, Poland

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Photographic image; black and white image of an entrance to Dr. Kleinman's clinic, which was situated in the family home; dated: c. 1938; location: Lacko, Poland

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Photographic image; black and white image of a castle, photograph taken by Dr. Mendel Kleinman; dated: c. 1938; location: Rzeszów, Poland

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Photographic image; black and white image of the Kleinman family home, designed by architect Jan Chwalibóg, Dr. Kleinman's friend; dated: 1938; location: Lacko, Poland

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Photographic image; black and white image of canal and buildings in Venice, Italy; photograph taken during the honeymoon trip of Aniuta and Mendel Kleinman; dated: c. 1929; location: Venice, Italy

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Photographic image; black and white image of Aniuta Kleinman, left, donor's mother, standing on skis near her home; dated: c. 1936; location: Lacko, Poland

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Photographic image; black and white image of Lida Kleinman, donor, skiing downhill; dated: c. 1936; location: Lacko, Poland

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Photographic image; black and white image of Lida Kleinman, second from left, donor, skiing downhill; first from left is her friend Jerzyk; dated: c. 1936; location: Lacko, Poland

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Photographic image; black and white image of Lida Kleinman, donor, skiing near her home on a hill called "Pani Dudowej hill"; dated: c. 1936; location: Lacko, Poland

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Photographic image; black and white image of Lida Kleinman, front, donor, skiing downhill; dated: c. 1936; location: Lacko, Poland

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Photographic image; black and white image of Lida Kleinman, donor, standing in snow with her mother, Aniuta Kleinman; dated: c. 1937; location: Lacko, Poland

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Photographic image; black and white image of Aniuta Kleinman, donor's mother, wearing black coat, hat and wail in mourning of her recently deceased father; dated: c. 1937; location: Lacko, Poland

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Photographic image; black and white image of Lida Kleinman, donor, building snowman with her friend Jerzyk; dated: c. 1936; location: Lacko, Poland

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Photographic image; black and white image of Lida Kleinman, donor, building snowman with her friend Jerzyk; dated: c. 1936; location: Lacko, Poland

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Photographic image; black and white image of Lida Kleinman, donor, standing with Franciszek Cwikowski, a lawyer from Nowy Sacz and friend and patient of Dr. Kleinman, petting Ago, the dog; dated: c. 1936; location: Lacko, Poland

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Photographic image; black and white image of Lida Kleinman, donor, sitting next to Franciszek Cwikowski, a lawyer from Nowy Sacz and friend and patient of Dr. Kleinman, and Wisia Cwikowska, his wife, at the bank of a lake; dated: June 1936; location: Lacko, Poland

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Photographic image; black and white image of Lida Kleinman, donor, standing in front of her mother, Aniuta Kleinman (wearing white coat); Dr. Mendel Kleinman, donor's father, stands on left and Franciszek and Wisia Cwikowski, stand on right; dated: June 1936; location: Lacko, Poland .64A Photographic image; black and white image of Lida Kleinman, donor, standing in front of her mother, Aniuta Kleinman (wearing white coat); Dr. Mendel Kleinman, donor's father, stands on left and Franciszek and Wisia Cwikowski, stand on right; dated: June 1936; location: Lacko, Poland

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Photographic image; black and white image of Lida Kleinman, donor, standing in front of her mother, Aniuta Kleinman (wearing white coat); Dr. Mendel Kleinman, donor's father, stands on left and Franciszek and Wisia Cwikowski, stand in middle; dated: June 1936; location: Lacko, Poland .65A Photographic image; black and white image of Lida Kleinman, donor, standing in front of her mother, Aniuta Kleinman (wearing white coat); Dr. Mendel Kleinman, donor's father, stands on left; Franciszek and Wisia Cwikowski, stand in middle; dated: June 1936; location: Lacko, Poland

Photograph

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duplicate of 1999.113.65. Photographic image; black and white image of Lida Kleinman, donor, standing in front of her mother, Aniuta Kleinman (wearing white coat); Dr. Mendel Kleinman, donor's father, stands on left and Franciszek and Wisia Cwikowski, stand in middle; dated: June 1936; location: Lacko, Poland

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Photographic image; black and white image of Lida Kleinman, donor, sitting on the lap of Franciszek Cwikowski; dated: June 1936; location: Lacko, Poland

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Photographic image; black and white image of Lida Kleinman, donor, standing on railing and supported by her father, Dr. Mendel Kleinman; in the middle is her mother, Aniuta Kleinman (wearing white coat; Franciszek and Wisia Cwikowski, stand on right; dated: June 1936; location: Lacko, Poland

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Photographic image; black and white image of Aniuta Kleinman, donor's mother, standing on right, wearing white coat; Franciszek and Wisia Cwikowski stand in middle and Franciszek's brother stands on left; dated: June 1936; location: Lacko, Poland

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Photographic image; black and white image of Franciszek and Wisia Cwikowski standing near river Dunajec; dated: June 1936; location: Lacko, Poland

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Photographic image; black and white image of Aniuta Kleinman, donor's mother, wearing white coat, with Franciszek and Wisia Cwikowski standing near river Dunajec; dated: June 1936; location: Lacko, Poland .70A Photographic image; black and white image of Aniuta Kleinman, donor's mother, wearing white coat, with Franciszek and Wisia Cwikowski standing near river Dunajec; on left stands Franciszek's brother, law student who was killed in Auschwitz; dated: June 1936; location: Lacko, Poland

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Photographic image; black and white image of Aniuta Kleinman, donor's mother, wearing white coat, with Franciszek and Wisia Cwikowski standing near river Dunajec; on left stands Franciszek's brother, law student who was killed in Auschwitz; dated: June 1936; location: Lacko, Poland

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Photographic image; black and white image of Aniuta Kleinman, donor's mother, skiing; dated: 1936; location: Lacko, Poland

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Photographic image; black and white image of Berta Szwarcman Weinberger, donor's maternal aunt standing in the garden; two girls in back are: Lida Kleinman, left and Zula Grossbard, donor's paternal cousin, right; dated: July 5, 1935; location: Lacko, Poland

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Photographic image; black and white image of Nadia and Lolek Szwarcman, donor's maternal uncle, standing in middle with friends; dated: c. 1938; location: Pinsk, Poland

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Photographic image; black and white image of Lida Kleinman, donor and Lolek Szwarcman, donor's maternal uncle, sitting on the balcony; dated: 1935; location: Lacko, Poland

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Photographic image; black and white image of Lida Kleinman, donor and Lolek Szwarcman, donor’s maternal uncle, sitting on the balcony; dated: 1935; location: Łącko, Poland

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Photographic image; black and white image of Lida Kleinman, donor and her mother, Aniuta Szwarcman Kleinman, on the terrace of their new home; dated: 1938; location: Łącko, Poland

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Photographic image; black and white image of Lida Kleinman, donor, sitting on crib railing in her room; dated: 1935; location: Łącko, Poland

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Photographic image; black and white image group of young people; Aniuta Szwarcman Kleinman, donor’s mother, sits first on left; dated: c. 1918; location: Pińsk, Poland

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Photographic image; black and white image of Ida Szwarcman, wife of Nionia Nachum Szwarcman, donor’s maternal uncle, holding their son, Misza; (Nachum, Ida and Misza Szwarcman were killed in 1942); dated: 1934; location: Pińsk, Poland

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Photographic image; black and white image of Berta Szwarcman Weinberger, donor’s maternal aunt, holding her daughter, Ola Weinberger (Berta, her husband Filip and their daughter, Ola, were killed in Pińsk in 1942); dated: 1924; location: Krynica, Poland

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Photographic image; black and white image of four girls playing in sand at a construction site of the Kleinman family home; second from left is Lida Kleinman, donor and third from left is her paternal cousin, Zula Grossbard; dated: 1937; location: Łącko, Poland

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Photographic image; black and white image of Aniuta and Mendel Kleinman, donor’s parents, sitting on the terrace of their new home; dated: 1938; location: Łącko, Poland

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Photographic image; black and white image of Aniuta Kleinman, donor’s mother and Simcha Kleinman, donor’s paternal grandfather, (Simcha Kleinman died in 1941, after being beaten by Germans in the Turka ghetto) standing at the entrance of new home; dated: 1938; location: Łącko, Poland

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Photographic image; black and white image of Aniuta Kleinman, donor’s mother, seated between Lida Kleinman, donor and Ola Weinberger, donor’s maternal cousin, on the beach of Dunajec River; dated: 1935; location: Łącko, Poland

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Photographic image; black and white image of Aniuta Kleinman, donor’s mother and Simcha Kleinman, donor’s paternal grandfather, (Simcha Kleinman died in 1941, after being beaten by Germans in the Turka ghetto) standing at the entrance of new home; dated: 1938; location: Łącko, Poland

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Photographic image; black and white image of new home of the Kleinman family; Lida’s room was on the second floor, two left windows and her parents bedroom was on the right; dated: 1938; location: Łącko, Poland

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Photographic image; black and white image of Lida Kleinman, donor, hugging her father, Dr. Mendel Kleinman; dated: 1935; location: Łącko, Poland

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Photographic image; black and white image of elderly, homeless man, Kuba, who was regularly fed by Aniuta Kleinman, donor’s mother; dated: 1935; location: Łącko, Poland

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Photographic image; black and white image of Lida Kleinman, donor, sitting on the balcony of her room; dated: 1935; location: Łącko, Poland

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Photographic image; black and white image of Lida Kleinman, donor, sitting on left with her maternal cousin, Ola Weinberger; dated: 1931; location: Łącko, Poland

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Photographic image; black and white image of Lida Kleinman, donor, swimming in the Dunajec River, aided by her maternal uncle, Lolek Szwarcman; dated: 1935; location: Łącko, Poland

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Photographic image; black and white image of Aniuta Kleinman, donor’s mother, swimming in the Dunajec River; dated: 1935; location: Łącko, Poland

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Photographic image; black and white image of Lida Kleinman, donor, standing on left, playing in the Dunajec River, with her maternal uncle, Lolek Szwarcman, right and her paternal cousin, Ola Weinberger; dated: 1935; location: Łącko, Poland

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Photographic image; black and white image of Lida Kleinman, donor, sitting on right, with her paternal cousin, Zula Grossbard; dated: 1935; location: Łącko, Poland

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Photographic image; black and white image of Lida Kleinman, donor, sitting on bed in her room; dated: 1935; location: Łącko, Poland

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Photographic image; black and white image of Lida Kleinman, donor, sitting on railing of bed in her room; dated: 1935; location: Łącko, Poland

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Photographic image; black and white image of Lida Kleinman, donor, sitting outside, on left, with her paternal cousin, Zula Grossbard; dated: 1935; location: Łącko, Poland

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Photographic image; black and white image of Lida Kleinman, donor, sitting on table and reading book on left with her friend, Isia Sobolewska; dated: 1935; location: Łącko, Poland

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Photographic image; black and white image of Lida Kleinman, donor, cuddling with her mother, Aniuta Kleinman; dated: 1934; location: Łącko, Poland

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Photographic image; black and white image of Lida Kleinman, donor, playing outside, on right, with her paternal cousin, Zula Grossbard; dated: 1935; location: Łącko, Poland

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Photographic image; black and white image of Lida Kleinman, donor, playing outside, standing on wooden fence in middle, with her friends: Bianka Sztern left and Irena Trepper, (Irena Trepper, donor’s paternal cousin, daughter of Libka Kleinman Trepper and Szlomo Trepper, survived the war as slave laborer, on false papers; both of her parents perished) left; dated: 1939; location: Łącko, Poland

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Photographic image; black and white image of Aniuta Kleinman, donor’s mother, standing in the garden of her new house with her friend, Maria Chwalibóg; dated: 1937; location: Łącko, Poland

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Photographic image; black and white image of Nadia Szwarcman, donor’s maternal aunt by marriage, wife of Lolek Szwarcman, walking in the street; she and her child perished in Pińsk in 1942; dated: 1938; location: Pińsk, Poland

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Photographic image; black and white image of Aniuta Kleinman, donor’s mother, sitting on rocking horse on the balcony of Lida’s room; dated: 1935; location: Łącko, Poland

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Photographic image; black and white image of Lida Kleinman, donor, wearing white winter coat, standing with her maternal cousin, Ola Weinberger; dated: 1933; location: Krynica, Poland

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Photographic image; black and white image of Aniuta Kleinman, donor’s mother, on left, with a friend, during trip to Pieniny Mountains; dated: 1935; location: Pieniny Mountains, Poland

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Photographic image; black and white image of Lida Kleinman, donor, held by her nanny (left) and Rysio Mohr, held by his nanny, walking in park; (Rysio Mohr, son of Dr. Emanuel Mohr and Tosia Mohr, perished with his mother in Lvov; his father survived in USSR); dated: 1932; location: Krynica, Poland

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Photographic image; black and white image of Aniuta Kleinman, donor’s mother, sitting first from left on bench with Mr. Głazek, Filip Weinberger and Mrs. Głazek; Lolek Szwarcman stands behind bench; dated: c. 1935; location: Poland

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Photographic image; black and white image of Dr. Mendel Kleinman, donor’s father, sitting on right with his wife, Aniuta Kleinman, donor’s mother, middle and Mr. Głazek, a friend; dated: 1936; location: Szczawnica, Poland

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Photographic image; black and white image of group of people sitting on bench: from left: Dr. Mendel Kleinman, donor’s father; Mrs. Głazek; Filip Weinberger; Mr. Głazek and Aniuta Kleinman, donor’s mother; dated: 1935; location: Szczawnica, Poland

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Photographic image; black and white image of an entrance to Dr. Kleinman’s clinic, which was situated in the family home; dated: c. 1938; location: Łącko, Poland

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Photographic image; black and white image of group of people walking outside: from left: Mrs. Głazek; Aniuta Kleinman, donor’s mother; Lolek Szwarcman, donor’s maternal uncle and Filip Weinberger; dated: 1935; location: Pieniny Mountains, Poland

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Photographic image; black and white image of Lida Kleinman, donor, playing outside, standing on wooden fence in middle, with her friends: Bianka Sztern, left and Irena Trepper, donor’s paternal cousin, right; Aniuta Kleinman, donor’s mother holds Lida’s legs; dated: 1938; location: Łącko, Poland

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Photographic image; black and white image of Ewa and Misza Szwarcman, donor’s maternal uncles and Misza Munwer, Lolek’s Szwarcman’s brother-in-law; all three survived the war in Spain; dated: 1938; location: Toulouse, France

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Photographic image; black and white image of Misza Szwarcman, donor’s maternal uncle, who studied in France; dated: 1937; location: Toulouse, France

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Photographic image; black and white image of people sitting at table: from right: Dr. Max Herbst; Aniuta Kleinman, donor’s mother and Berta Weinberger, Aniuta’s sister; dated: 1935; location: Poland

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Photographic image; black and white image of people standing outside: from right; Lolek Szwarcman; Aniuta Kleinman and Mrs. Głazek; dated: 1936; location: Poland

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Photographic image; black and white image of Aniuta Kleinman, donor’s mother, standing on the balcony with Mr. Głazek, a friend; dated: 1936; location: Łącko, Poland

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Photographic image; black and white image of Aniuta Kleinman, donor’s mother, on left, walking with friend; dated: 1935; location: Poland

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Photographic image; black and white image of Aniuta Kleinman, donor’s mother, on right, seated with Mrs. Głazek; dated: 1936; location: Łącko, Poland

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Photographic image; black and white image of Aniuta Kleinman, donor’s mother, sitting on left, during a trip to Pieniny Mountains; dated: 1935; location: Pieniny Mountains, Poland

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Photographic image; black and white image of Aniuta Kleinman, donor’s mother, standing on left with her friend, Marysia Chwalibóg; dated; 1936; location: Łącko, Poland

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Photographic image; black and white image of Lida Kleinman, donor, sitting with her uncle Lolek Szwarcman, who is writing in his notebook; dated: 1935; location: Łącko, Poland

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Photographic image; black and white image of group of tourists; sitting in car, second from left is Dr. Max Herbst and Dr. Emanuel Mohr wearing white cap, stands behind; Aniuta Kleinman stands second from left next to her sister, Berta Weinberger; dated: 1935; location: Poland

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Photographic image; black and white image of Misza Szwarcman, donor’s maternal uncle, standing on left in his pigeon-house; dated: 1939; location: Toulouse, France

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Photographic image; black and white image of Lida Kleinman, donor, wearing a kerchief, standing in her room; dated: 1936; location: Łącko, Poland

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Photographic image; black and white image of view of Łącko nad Dunajcem; dated: 1936; location: Łącko, Poland

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Photographic image; black and white image of two girls sitting in a field; Lida Kleinman on right; (donor remarks: this is the last photograph from Łącko); dated: summer 1939; location: Łącko, Poland

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Photographic image; black and white image of group portrait: third from right is Dr. Emanuel Mohr; his wife, Tosia, in light coat stands in front; fourth from left: Dr. Max Herbst; Aniuta Kleinman is fourth from right and her sister, Berta Weinberger, is third from right; Dr. Bronisław Mohr stands first from right; dated: 1935; location: Nowy Sącz, Poland

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Photographic image; black and white image of Lida Kleinman, wearing white winter coat, on her first skis; dated: 1933; location: Łącko, Poland

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Photographic image; black and white image of Sofia Szwarcman, daughter of Lolek and Nadia Szwarcman, donor’s maternal cousin; she perished in forest near Pińsk together with her mother; dated: December 12, 1938; location: Pińsk, Poland

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Photographic image; black and white image of Sofia Szwarcman, daughter of Lolek and Nadia Szwarcman, donor’s maternal cousin; she perished in forest near Pińsk together with her mother; dated: December 12, 1938; location: Pińsk, Poland

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Photographic image; black and white image of Nadia Szwarcman holding her daughter, Sofia Szwarcman, daughter of Lolek Szwarcman; dated: December 12, 1938; location: Pińsk, Poland

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Photographic image; black and white image of Sofia Szwarcman, daughter of Lolek and Nadia Szwarcman, donor’s maternal cousin; sitting in baby carriage; verso; black ink inscription: “Pińsk, June 22, 1938”; dated: June 22, 1938; location: Pińsk, Poland

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Photographic image; black and white image of Nadia Munwez Szwarcman, donor’s maternal aunt by marriage, wife of Lolek Szwarcman, walking in the street; dated: c. 1936; location: Pińsk, Poland

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Photographic image; black and white image of Aniuta Kleinman, donor’s mother, standing on skis; dated: 1936; location: Łącko, Poland

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Photographic image; black and white image of Aniuta Kleinman, donor’s mother, standing on skis next to family’s house; dated: 1936; location: Łącko, Poland

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Photographic image; black and white image of Aniuta Kleinman, donor’s mother, standing on skis next to family’s house with Lida Kleinman, donor; dated: 1936; location: Łącko, Poland

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Photographic image; black and white image of children skiing; from left: Lida Kleinman, donor; Cesia Repelowicz; Ola Weinberger, donor’s maternal cousin and Jerzyk Repelowicz, friend and neighbor; dated: 1937; location: Łącko, Poland

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Photographic image; black and white image of Ola Weinberger, donor’s maternal cousin, right and Isia Sobolewska, a friend, standing on skis near a fence; dated: 1937; location: Łącko, Poland

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Photographic image; black and white image of Ola Weinberger, donor’s maternal cousin, left and Lida Kleinman, donor, on right; (donor notes that she was wearing new skiing clothes and new skis) cross country skiing; dated: 1937; location: Łącko, Poland

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Photographic image; black and white image of Lida Kleinman, donor, sledding downhill, next to the fence of her house, while wearing skis; dated: 1937; location: Łącko, Poland

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Photographic image; black and white image of Lida Kleinman, donor, skiing downhill, next to the fence of her house; dated: 1937; location: Łącko, Poland

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Photographic image; black and white image of Lida Kleinman, donor, skiing downhill, next to the fence of her house; dated: 1937; location: Łącko, Poland

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Photographic image; black and white image of Lida Kleinman, donor, skiing downhill, next to the fence of her house; dated: 1937; location: Łącko, Poland

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Photographic image; black and white image of Lida Kleinman, donor, skiing downhill, next to the fence of her house; dated: 1937; location: Łącko, Poland

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Photographic image; black and white image of Mr. Sztern, a lawyer from Nowy Sącz, who perished in Lvov, sledding downhill; Libka Kleinman Trepper, donor’s paternal aunt, who perished in Auschwitz, stands on right; dated: January 19, 1935; location: Łącko, Poland

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Photographic image; black and white image of Aniuta Kleinman, donor’s mother, standing on left with Tosia Sztern, on right; first from left in the back is Mina Kleinman, donor’s paternal aunt, who survived the war in Rumania; dated: c. 1937; location: Łącko, Poland

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Photographic image; black and white image of four women skiing while being pulled by horse; from left: Mina Kleinman, donor’s paternal aunt; Libka Trepper, donor’s paternal aunt; Regina Grossbard, donor’s paternal aunt and Tosia Sztern, friend; dated: 1936; location: Łącko, Poland

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Photographic image; black and white image of four women skiing while being pulled by horse; from left: Mina Kleinman, donor’s paternal aunt; Libka Trepper, donor’s paternal aunt; Regina Grossbard, donor’s paternal aunt and Tosia Sztern, friend; dated: 1936; location: Łącko, Poland

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Photographic image; black and white image of Lida Kleinman, donor, sitting in back and her cousin Irena Trepper, sledding downhill as their mothers look on; dated: December 24, 1935; location: Łącko, Poland

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Photographic image; black and white image of group of relatives and friends from Nowy Sącz, during skiing visit (donor notes: Kleinman family and friends from Nowy Sącz would visit for a few days, during which donor’s mother prepared meals for all); dated: 1936; location: Łącko, Poland

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Photographic image; black and white image of Basia Szwarcman, donor’s maternal grandmother and Lida Kleinman, donor, holding a dog and playing with Ago, the dog, standing next to doghouse; dated: summer 1938; location: Łącko, Poland

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Photographic image; black and white image of Basia Szwarcman, donor’s maternal grandmother and Lida Kleinman, donor, holding a dog and playing with Ago, the dog, standing next to doghouse; dated: summer 1938; location: Łącko, Poland

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Photographic image; black and white image of Basia Szwarcman, donor’s maternal grandmother and Lida Kleinman, donor, holding a dog and playing with Ago, the dog, standing next to doghouse; dated: summer 1938; location: Łącko, Poland

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Photographic image; black and white image of Lida Kleinman, donor, swimming in Dunajec River; dated: summer 1936; location: Łącko, Poland

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Photographic image; black and white image of Abraham Szwarcman, donor’s maternal grandfather, walking in the street; he died in 1936 in Kraków; dated: 1934; location: Pińsk, Poland

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Photographic image; black and white image of Lida Kleinman, donor, standing on left, her hair in braids, playing near her house with her cousins: Irena Trepper, middle, and Bianka Sztern, right; dated: summer 1939; location: Łącko, Poland

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Photographic image; black and white image of Aniuta Kleinman, donor’s mother, standing on right with her mother-in-law, Debora Sztern Kleinman, on the balcony of the family apartment in Nowy Sącz (Debora Kleinman, donor’s paternal grandmother, survived in hiding, aided by Dr. Kleinman’s patient); dated: 1936; location: Nowy Sącz, Poland

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Photographic image; black and white image of Lida Kleinman, donor, peaking from behind a birch tree; dated: 1934; location: Łącko, Poland

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Photographic image; black and white image of Dr. Mendel Kleinman, donor’s father, holding Lida on left and Zula Grossbard, middle; Jerzyk Repelowicz, neighbor, sits on right; dated: 1935; location: Łącko, Poland

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Photographic image; black and white image of Aniuta Kleinman, donor’s mother, standing on right, with her friend, Marysia Chwalibóg; dated: 1936; location: Łącko, Poland

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Photographic image; black and white image of framed portrait of Abraham Szwarcman, donor’s maternal grandfather; location: Łącko, Poland

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Photographic image; black and white image of Aniuta Kleinman, donor’s mother, wearing black dress in mourning of her recently deceased father; dated: c. 1937; location: Łącko, Poland

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Photographic image; black and white image of Lida Kleinman, donor, holding a small puppy, seated with Mrs. Lidja, left, and Marysia Chwalibóg on right; Lida was visiting the Chwalibóg house for an afternoon snack; dated: August 19, 1936; location: Łącko, Poland

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Photographic image; black and white image of Lida Kleinman, donor, on left, playing at the construction site of family’s new house; Zula Grossbard, donor’s paternal cousin is on right; dated: 1937; location: Łącko, Poland

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Photographic image; black and white image of Lida Kleinman, donor, on right, hugging her friend, Isia Sobolewska; dated: 1937; location: Łącko, Poland

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Photographic image; black and white image of Aniuta Kleinman, donor’s mother, standing on left, with her friend, Marysia Chwalibóg; dated: 1936; location: Łącko, Poland

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Photographic image; black and white image of group portrait of Dr. and Mrs. Kleinman and their guests for the afternoon tea; Dr. Mendel Kleinman stands first from left and Aniuta Kleinman stands third from right, in middle; dated: 1937; location: Łącko, Poland

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Photographic image; black and white image of group portrait at celebration; dated: 1936; location: Poland

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Photographic image; black and white image of Lida Kleinman, donor, on right, cuddling with her mother, Aniuta Kleinman; dated: 1935; location: Łącko, Poland

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Photographic image; black and white image of Lida Kleinman, donor, standing in front of her mother, Aniuta Kleinman; Simcha Kleinman, donor’s paternal grandfather stands on right and Mr. Ader, family friend, stands second from right; dated: June 5, 1935; location: Łącko, Poland

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Photographic image; black and white image of people walking on snowy road; Lida Kleinman walks on left, next to her mother; dated: 1936; location: Łącko, Poland

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Photographic image; black and white image of Lida Kleinman, donor, standing on left, with Rysio Mohr (Rysio and his mother perished in Lvov); dated: June 4, 1935; location: Nowy Sącz, Poland

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Photographic image; black and white image of Ola Weinberger, donor’s maternal cousin, sitting on stone bench with friend; dated: c. 1932; location: Krynica, Poland

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Photographic image; black and white image of Lida Kleinman, donor, wearing summer dress and her hair in braids, standing in her room; dated: 1935; location: Łącko, Poland

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Photographic image; black and white image of Lida Kleinman, donor, wearing summer dress and her hair in braids, standing in her room; dated: 1935; location: Łącko, Poland

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Photographic image; black and white image of Ola Weinberger, donor’s maternal cousin, standing near wooden fence and holding a small dog; Polish caption imprinted at bottom: “Memento from Krynica 1933; dated: 1933; location: Krynica, Poland; in Polish

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Photographic image; black and white image of Lida Kleinman, donor, wearing her hair in braids, standing on the balcony of her room; dated: 1935; location: Łącko, Poland

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Photographic image; black and white image of Lida Kleinman, donor, on left, and her maternal cousin, Ola Wajnberg, hugging Lida; dated: 1935; location: Łącko, Poland

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Photographic image; black and white image of three women sitting on bench in front of the Kleinman family house, holding Ago the dog: from left: Tosia Sztern; Libka Kleinman Trepper, donor’s paternal aunt and Aniuta Kleinman, donor’s mother; dated: 1939; location: Łącko, Poland

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Photographic image; black and white image of two women and three men sitting at table: from left: Filip Weinberger, donor’s maternal uncle by marriage; Mrs. Głazek; Aniuta Kleinman, donor’s mother; Mr. Głazek and Lolek Lola Szwarcman, donor’s maternal uncle, during a trip in the Pieniny Mountains; dated: c. 1936; location: Pieniny Mountains

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Photographic image; black and white image of group portrait in front of Mr. Głazek’s house; Aniuta Kleinman, donor’s mother, stands second from left; Mr. Ader, is squatting in front and his wife stands behind him (Mr. and Mrs. Ader from Stary Sącz, perished in Kraków); dated: 1936; location: Łącko, Poland

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Photographic image; black and white image of three men and two women seated in open roof automobile: Dr. Mendel Kleinman sits at the driver’s seat; in middle is Filip Finek Weinberger and in the back seat, from left: Aniuta Kleinman; Lola Szwarcman and Mrs. Głazek; dated: 1929; location: Szczawnica Zdrój, Poland

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Photographic image; black and white image of Aniuta Kleinman, on right, standing with her friends; dated: 1935; location: Łącko, Poland

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Photographic image; black and white image of Aniuta Kleinman, on left with Mr. and Mrs. Głazek and Finek Weinberger, donor’s maternal uncle by marriage, during trip in the Pieniny Mountains; dated: c. 1936; location: Pieniny Mountains, Poland

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Photographic image; black and white image of Aniuta Kleinman walking during trip in the Pieniny Mountains; dated: c. 1936; location: Pieniny Mountains, Poland

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Photographic image; black and white image of three women and man; from left: Mina Kleinman Rubel, donor’s paternal aunt, who survived the war in Rumania; Debora Szwarc Kleinman, donor’s paternal grandmother, who survived the war in hiding; Aniuta Kleinman, donor’s mother, who perished in Drohobycz and Simcha Kleinman, donor’s paternal grandfather, who died in 1941, after being beaten by Germans, in Turka; dated; 1937; location: Nowy Sącz, Poland

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Photographic image; black and white image of portrait of Ida Szwarcman, wife of donor’s maternal uncle, Nahum Nionia Szwarcman, who was killed together with her son, Misza, in forest near Pińsk; dated: c. 1924; location: Pińsk, Poland

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Photographic image; black and white image of portrait of Leon Lolek Szwarcman, donor’s maternal uncle (Lolek Szwarcman, physician, survived the war in the USSR and stayed there after the war until his death in 1963); dated: c. 1933; location: Pińsk, Poland

Photographic postcard

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Photographic postcard; black and white image of Berta Szwarcman Weinberger, donor’s maternal aunt, standing on skis on left with friend (donor notes that her parents met in 1927 in Krynica, while Aniuta was visiting her sister, Berta); dated: c. 1925; location: Krynica, Poland

Photographic postcard

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Photographic postcard; black and white image of Ola Weinberger, donor’s maternal cousin, standing next to tree and wearing shorts, white socks and light shirt; (Ola was seventeen years old when she was killed in forest near Pińsk); dated: c. 1930; location: Krynica, Poland

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Photographic image; black and white image of group portrait: standing from left in the back row: Simcha Kleinman, donor’s paternal grandfather; Aniuta Kleinman, wearing hat; Mina Kleinman Rubel; Tosia Mohr and her husband, Dr. Emanuel Mohr; standing in front row, on left is Dr. Hesio Herbst and on right is Dr. Max Herbst; standing on right, wearing beret and light coat is Irena Trepper, donor’s cousin (Dr. Mohr served in the Anders’ army; his wife and son perished; Dr. Hesio Herbst perished; Dr. Max Herbst served in the Anders’ army); dated: 1935; location: Nowy Sącz, Poland

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Photographic image; black and white image of Lida Kleinman, wearing light dress and long braids and Bianka Sztern, a friend of donor’s cousin, who perished in Lvov, playing on terrace of the Kleinman family new home; dated: summer 1938; location: Łącko, Poland

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Photographic image; black and white image of Aniuta Kleinman and her father-in-law, Simcha Kleinman, on the terrace of the new house; dated: September 1938; location: Łącko, Poland

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Photographic image; black and white image of Dr. Mendel Kleinman, donor’s father, standing behind plane in middle, next to Mr. Ader (the light plane probably belonged to Mr. Ader’s son, who survived the war with false papers; Mr. Ader, owner of furniture factory, perished in Kraków); dated: August 1936; location: Poland

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Photographic image; black and white image of Aniuta Szwarcman Kleinman, standing with her mother, Basia Szwarcman, next to radiator in her new house; dated: 1937; location: Łącko, Poland

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