Overview
- Brief Narrative
- Enameled, metal sign prohibiting the presence of Jews. Such signs were often present in shops, restaurants, and other public buildings during the Nazi regime. While there was no singular law requiring the physical segregation of Jews from other Germans, a series of over 400 laws enacted throughout the 1930s increased restrictions for Jews in every aspect of their lives. On January 30, 1933, Adolf Hitler was appointed chancellor of Germany by President Paul von Hindenburg. The German government began instituting laws the following April, which began negatively defining and segregating Jews from society. In 1935, the Nuremberg Laws codified the exclusion of Jews from German citizenship, and banned “race defiling” marriage and sexual relations between pure Germans and Jews. The Nuremberg Laws defined a person as Jewish if they had three or four Jewish grandparents, regardless of their religious practices, which encompassed tens of thousands of people who had no Jewish cultural affiliations. These policies also had a significant amount of popular support, and much of the national legislation was influenced or foreshadowed by local actions. In areas where the legislation was unpopular, Nazis suppressed dissent by targeting non-Jews who spoke out. By the outbreak of World War II in September 1939, the social, cultural, and economic exclusion of Jews was virtually complete in Germany.
- Date
-
use:
approximately 1933-approximately 1945
- Geography
-
use:
Europe.
- Credit Line
- United States Holocaust Memorial Museum Collection
- Markings
- front, printed, black enamel : Juden / sind hier / unerwünscht [Jews are undesirable here]
Physical Details
- Language
- German
- Classification
-
Information Forms
- Category
-
Signs and signboards
- Object Type
-
Regulatory signs (aat)
- Genre/Form
- Signs (Notices)
- Physical Description
- Rectangular, white, enameled metal sign with rounded corners, secured to an exhibit mount with metal screws. In the middle are three lines of black, German text in Fraktur font. Around the edge of the sign is a thin, black stripe with corners that curve inwards, around the screws. At the bottom center of the text, a large, circular piece of enamel has come off, exposing corroded metal. The enamel has also chipped off and become scratched at the corners and at the edges, exposing corroded metal.
- Dimensions
- overall: Height: 13.000 inches (33.02 cm) | Width: 19.625 inches (49.848 cm)
- Materials
- overall : metal, enamel
Rights & Restrictions
- Conditions on Access
- No restrictions on access
- Conditions on Use
- No restrictions on use
Keywords & Subjects
- Topical Term
- Anti-Jewish propaganda. Antisemitism--Germany. Ethnic attitudes. Ethnic relations. Holocaust, Jewish (1939-1945)--Germany. Jews--Germany--History--1933-1945. Jews--Legal status, laws, etc.--Germany. Jews--Segregation--Germany. Race discrimination--Law and legislation.
- Geographic Name
- Europe.
Administrative Notes
- Legal Status
- Permanent Collection
- Provenance
- The sign was acquired by the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum in 1990.
- Record last modified:
- 2023-06-14 07:08:01
- This page:
- https://collections.ushmm.org/search/catalog/irn3348
Download & Licensing
In-Person Research
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