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Łódź (Litzmannstadt) ghetto scrip, 20 mark note, acquired by a ghetto inmate

Object | Accession Number: 2004.521.8

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    Łódź (Litzmannstadt) ghetto scrip, 20 mark note, acquired by a ghetto inmate
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    Overview

    Brief Narrative
    Scrip receipt for 20 marks issued to Marian Rokacz when he was imprisoned in the ghetto in Łódz, Poland. Nazi Germany occupied Poland on September 1, 1939. Łódź was renamed Litzmannstadt and, in February 1940, the Germans forcibly relocated the large Jewish population into a sealed ghetto. All currency was confiscated in exchange for Quittungen [receipts] that could be exchanged only in the ghetto. The scrip was designed by the Judenrat [Jewish Council] which administered the ghetto for the Germans and includes traditional Jewish symbols. The Germans closed the ghetto in the summer of 1944 by deporting the residents to concentration camps or killing centers. Marian had assumed the identity of a Christian Pole and worked for the Germans during the occupation.
    Date
    issue:  1940 May 15
    Geography
    issue: Litzmannstadt-Getto (Łódź, Poland); Łódź (Poland)
    Credit Line
    United States Holocaust Memorial Museum Collection, Gift of John Rokacz and Joseph Rokacz
    Markings
    face, serial number, upper left corner, orange ink : Nº 077202
    face, upper center, black and brown ink : Quittung / [ü]ber [Receipt for]
    face, center, black and brown ink : Zwanzig Mark [Twenty Mark]
    face, lower right, black ink : Der Aelteste der Juden / in Litzmannstadt / M. Rumkowski [The Eldest of the Jews in Litzmannstadt]
    face, lower center, black ink : Litzmannstadt, [d]en 15 Mai 1940 [Litzmannstadt, the 15 May 1940]
    face, lower left corner and upper right corner, black and brown ink : 20
    back, upper left corner, black and brown ink : Quittung über / Zwanzig Mark [Receipt for Twenty Mark]
    back, lower center, black ink : WER DIESE QUITTUNG VERFÄLSCHT ODER NACHMACHT ODER GEFÄLSCHTE / QUITTUNGEN IN VERKEHR BRINGT / WIRD STRENGSTENS BESTRAFT [ANYONE WHO FALSIFIES OR COPIES THIS RECEIPT, OR TRAFFICS IN COUNTERFEIT RECEIPTS, WILL BE STRICTLY PUNISHED]
    back, lower right, black and brown ink : 20
    Contributor
    Subject: Marian Rokacz
    Biography
    Marian Rokacz was born on December 14, 1910, in Poland. He was a resident of the Łódź before the war. Marian married Eva Honigbaum, who was born on August 23, 1916. Poland was invaded by Nazi Germany in September 1939. In February 1940, the German forcibly relocated the Jewish residents to a sealed ghetto. Marian assumed the identity of a Christian Pole and worked for the Germans during the war. After the liberation of the city by Russian troops, they were able to return to the large apartment in which they had lived before the war. The couple immigrated to the United States in March 1953 and had two sons. Marian, age 86, passed away in March 1987. Eva, age 88, died on October 13, 2004.

    Physical Details

    Language
    German
    Classification
    Exchange Media
    Category
    Money
    Object Type
    Scrip (aat)
    Physical Description
    Rectangular, offwhite paper scrip printed in brown ink with German text in black and brown ink. The face has a background latticework pattern. The serial number in orange ink is in the upper left corner. The denomination 20 is in the lower left corner in bold font and in the upper right corner in a black square. There is a 2 inch left margin, then a rectangle with a curved upper left corner with a background of interlocked Stars of David with a large star in a circle on the upper left. Across the center is the textual denomination with text above and below and an engraved signature on the lower right. The back has a blank background with a 2 inch margin, then a rectangle with a pattern of interlocked Jewish stars. There is text in the upper left corner and below the rectangle, and a 7-branched candelabrum within the lower left corner. The denomination 20 in bold font is outside the rectangle at the lower right corner; above this, near the upper right corner, is a Star of David outline in a black square.
    Dimensions
    overall: Height: 3.125 inches (7.938 cm) | Width: 6.125 inches (15.557 cm)
    Materials
    overall : paper, ink

    Rights & Restrictions

    Conditions on Access
    No restrictions on access
    Conditions on Use
    No restrictions on use

    Keywords & Subjects

    Administrative Notes

    Provenance
    The scrip was donated to the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum in 2004 by John Rokacz and Joseph Rokacz, the sons of Marian Rokacz.
    Funding Note
    The cataloging of this artifact has been supported by a grant from the Conference on Jewish Material Claims Against Germany.
    Record last modified:
    2024-10-03 13:04:56
    This page:
    https:​/​/collections.ushmm.org​/search​/catalog​/irn522325

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