Overview
- Description
- The Blau family papers consist of certificates, identification papers, immigration documents, school report cards, and a poetry and autograph book documenting the Blau family from Vienna, Austria, their imprisonment in Theresienstadt, their postwar lives at the Deggendorf displaced persons camp, and their immigration to the United States in 1947. The poetry and autograph book likely belonged to Gertrude and contains entries from friends in Vienna and Theresienstadt, including many references to Palestine. School report cards document Herbert’s education in Vienna and Deggendorf. Identification papers include prewar Austrian passports, wartime German passports, and a postwar repatriation card. Theresienstadt materials include a work pass, milk card, and bankbook. Deggendorf records include identification papers and certificates. Immigration documents include immigration forms and naturalization papers.
- Date
-
inclusive:
1930-1954
- Credit Line
- United States Holocaust Memorial Museum Collection, Gift of Jeffrey A. Gordon
- Collection Creator
- Blau family
- Biography
-
Gertrude (Trude) Blau (1925-2009) was born on March 14, 1925, in Vienna, Austria to Adolph Blau (1894-1958) and Elsa Rosenthal (1899-1987). Her father, Adolph, was a decorated, disabled World War II veteran who was a licensed tobacco vendor. Her mother, Elsa, was a graduate of the Vienna Conservatory of Music. Gertrude had one brother, Herbert (1931-1985). They were an observant Jewish family and Gertrude was interested in Zionist youth activities.
Following the German annexation of Austria, Gertrude and the other Jewish children were no longer allowed to attend school. For a while, they met secretly in the cemetery or at the Jewish Federation Office to have classes in Jewish culture and general subjects taught by Jewish teachers who had been banned from teaching. In August 1942, Gertrude and her family, including her 72 year-old maternal grandmother, Fanny Rosenthal, were deported by the Germans to Theresienstadt concentration camp. The family was separated as men and women were housed in different barracks. Shortly after arriving, Gertrude contracted hepatitis. While in Theresienstadt, Gertrude continued to get religious instruction, in secret, with Rabbi Leo Baeck. Trude was head caretaker in the children's barracks where Ursula Lenneberg worked. Trude later got a job in the office because of her friendship with Sigi Kwasniewski, the head of the youth homes. In October 1944, Gertrude volunteered to go to Auschwitz with friends who were selected for transport. After three days, they were sent to Kurzbach labor camp, a subcamp of Gross Rosen, where they were put to work digging ditches for the defense of Germany. Gertrude contracted typhoid fever. Around January 1945, the Germans decided to evacuate the camp because of the encroaching Soviet Army and the inmates were forced on death marches. Gertrude was too sick to go very far, and begged to be left behind. Since Gertrude spoke French, she eventually was able to join a group of French prisoners-of-wars. After 2 weeks, they were liberated by the Soviets in Liegnitz, Germany.
After the war ended, Gertrude was allowed to go to Czechoslovakia, first Prague and then Theresienstadt, to search for her family. She found them in Theresienstadt where they all had survived. The family was sent to the Deggendorf displaced persons camp in Germany to await immigration to the United States. In 1946, Gertrude was sent to Italy by a Zionist group that helped smuggle people into Palestine. While travelling through Italy she met Abraham Gordon who would become her husband. Soon after this, she learned that her group was a decoy, and that they would not be going to Palestine. She and Abraham decided to return to their families and try to emigrate to the United States. In November 1947, with the assistance of the Hebrew Immigrant Aid Society, Gertrude and her family were permitted entry into the United States. She and Abraham reunited and married on August 22, 1948. They settled in Vineland, New Jersey, and had one son. Gertrude was the 47,000th person to immigrate to the US after the war. She worked to raise money to bring more displaced Jews to the country and remained active in Holocaust remembrance education all her life.
Physical Details
- Extent
-
7 folders
1 oversize folder
- System of Arrangement
- The Blau family papers are arranged as a single series.
Rights & Restrictions
- Conditions on Access
- There are no known restrictions on access to this material.
- Conditions on Use
- Material(s) in this collection may be protected by copyright and/or related rights. You do not require further permission from the Museum to use this material. The user is solely responsible for making a determination as to if and how the material may be used.
Keywords & Subjects
- Topical Term
- Jews--Austria--Vienna. Holocaust, Jewish (1939-1945)--Austria--Vienna. Jews--Austria--Vienna--History--20th century. World War, 1939-1945--Deportations from Austria. World War, 1939-1945--Refugees--Germany--Deggendorf. Refugees, Jewish--Germany--Deggendorf. Naturalization--United States.
- Geographic Name
- United States--Emigration and immigration--History--20th century. Deggendorf (Germany) Vienna (Austria)
Administrative Notes
- Holder of Originals
-
United States Holocaust Memorial Museum
- Legal Status
- Permanent Collection
- Provenance
- Dr. Jeffrey A. Gordon donated the Blau family papers to the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum in 2005.
- Record last modified:
- 2023-08-28 09:14:25
- This page:
- https://collections.ushmm.org/search/catalog/irn523253
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Also in Adolph Blau family collection
The collection consists of artifacts and documents relating to the experiences of Adolph Blau and his family in Theresienstadt concentration camp during the Holocaust and in Deggendorf displaced persons camp in the postwar period.
Date: 1937-1948
![Kriegserinnerungsmedaille [War Commemorative Medal], 1914-1918 awarded to a Jewish soldier](https://www.ushmm.org/media/emu/get?irn=523255&mm_irn=18325&file=secondary "Kriegserinnerungsmedaille [War Commemorative Medal], 1914-1918 awarded to a Jewish soldier")
Kriegserinnerungsmedaille [War Commemorative Medal], 1914-1918 awarded to a Jewish soldier
Object
Commemorative medal awarded to Adolph Blau for his service in the Austro-Hungarian Army during World War I. It was designed by by the Austrian sculptor, Edwin Grienauer. Adolph, his wife, two children, and his mother-in-law were deported by the Germans from Vienna, Austria, to Theresienstadt in 1942. His daughter, Trudy, was deported to Auschwitz in 1944. Trudy rejoined the family in the spring of 1945. They lived in Terezin until the International Red Cross took over administration of the camp from the Germans on May 2, 1945. The family then was transferred to Deggendorf displaced persons camp in Germany where they lived until their emigration to the United States in 1948.
Torah mantle with embroidered crown used for Bar Mitzvah at Theresienstadt
Object
Torah mantle used for the Bar Mitzvah of thirteen year old Herbert Blau in July 1944 in the Theresienstadt ghetto in Czechoslovakia. The service was presided over by Rabbi Leo Baeck. Herbert's youth group gave him his own tin of sardines to celebrate the event. Herbert and his family were deported by the Germans from Vienna, Austria, in 1942. They lived in Terezin until the International Red Cross took over administration of the camp from the Germans on May 2, 1945. The family then was transferred to the Deggendorf displaced persons camp in Germany where they lived until their emigration to the United States in 1948.
Theresienstadt ghetto-labor camp scrip, 1 krone note
Object
Scrip used by Adolph Blau and his family when they were imprisoned in the Theresienstadt ghetto-labor camp. All currency was confiscated upon entry and replaced with scrip and ration coupons that could be exchanged only in the camp. Adolph, his wife, two children, and mother-in-law were deported from Vienna, Austria, in 1942. They lived in the camp until the International Red Cross took over administration of the camp from the Germans on May 2, 1945. The family then was transferred to the Deggendorf displaced persons camp in Germany where they lived until their immigration to the United States in 1948.
Theresienstadt ghetto-labor camp scrip, 1 krone note
Object
Scrip used by Adolph Blau and his family when they were imprisoned in the Theresienstadt ghetto-labor camp. All currency was confiscated upon entry and replaced with scrip and ration coupons that could be exchanged only in the camp. Adolph, his wife, two children, and mother-in-law were deported from Vienna, Austria, in 1942. They lived in the camp until the International Red Cross took over administration of the camp from the Germans on May 2, 1945. The family then was transferred to the Deggendorf displaced persons camp in Germany where they lived until their immigration to the United States in 1948.
Theresienstadt ghetto-labor camp scrip, 1 krone note
Object
Scrip used by Adolph Blau and his family when they were imprisoned in the Theresienstadt ghetto-labor camp. All currency was confiscated upon entry and replaced with scrip and ration coupons that could be exchanged only in the camp. Adolph, his wife, two children, and mother-in-law were deported from Vienna, Austria, in 1942. They lived in the camp until the International Red Cross took over administration of the camp from the Germans on May 2, 1945. The family then was transferred to the Deggendorf displaced persons camp in Germany where they lived until their immigration to the United States in 1948.
Theresienstadt ghetto-labor camp scrip, 1 krone note
Object
Scrip used by Adolph Blau and his family when they were imprisoned in the Theresienstadt ghetto-labor camp. All currency was confiscated upon entry and replaced with scrip and ration coupons that could be exchanged only in the camp. Adolph, his wife, two children, and mother-in-law were deported from Vienna, Austria, in 1942. They lived in the camp until the International Red Cross took over administration of the camp from the Germans on May 2, 1945. The family then was transferred to the Deggendorf displaced persons camp in Germany where they lived until their immigration to the United States in 1948.
Theresienstadt ghetto-labor camp scrip, 1 krone note
Object
Scrip used by Adolph Blau and his family when they were imprisoned in the Theresienstadt ghetto-labor camp. All currency was confiscated upon entry and replaced with scrip and ration coupons that could be exchanged only in the camp. Adolph, his wife, two children, and mother-in-law were deported from Vienna, Austria, in 1942. They lived in the camp until the International Red Cross took over administration of the camp from the Germans on May 2, 1945. The family then was transferred to the Deggendorf displaced persons camp in Germany where they lived until their immigration to the United States in 1948.
Theresienstadt ghetto-labor camp scrip, 1 krone note
Object
Scrip used by Adolph Blau and his family when they were imprisoned in the Theresienstadt ghetto-labor camp. All currency was confiscated upon entry and replaced with scrip and ration coupons that could be exchanged only in the camp. Adolph, his wife, two children, and mother-in-law were deported from Vienna, Austria, in 1942. They lived in the camp until the International Red Cross took over administration of the camp from the Germans on May 2, 1945. The family then was transferred to the Deggendorf displaced persons camp in Germany where they lived until their immigration to the United States in 1948.
Theresienstadt ghetto-labor camp scrip, 1 krone note
Object
Scrip used by Adolph Blau and his family when they were imprisoned in the Theresienstadt ghetto-labor camp. All currency was confiscated upon entry and replaced with scrip and ration coupons that could be exchanged only in the camp. Adolph, his wife, two children, and mother-in-law were deported from Vienna, Austria, in 1942. They lived in the camp until the International Red Cross took over administration of the camp from the Germans on May 2, 1945. The family then was transferred to the Deggendorf displaced persons camp in Germany where they lived until their immigration to the United States in 1948.
Theresienstadt ghetto-labor camp scrip, 2 kronen note
Object
Scrip used by Adolph Blau and his family when they were imprisoned in the Theresienstadt ghetto-labor camp. All currency was confiscated upon entry and replaced with scrip and ration coupons that could be exchanged only in the camp. Adolph, his wife, two children, and mother-in-law were deported from Vienna, Austria, in 1942. They lived in the camp until the International Red Cross took over administration of the camp from the Germans on May 2, 1945. The family then was transferred to the Deggendorf displaced persons camp in Germany where they lived until their immigration to the United States in 1948.
Theresienstadt ghetto-labor camp scrip, 2 kronen note
Object
Scrip used by Adolph Blau and his family when they were imprisoned in the Theresienstadt ghetto-labor camp. All currency was confiscated upon entry and replaced with scrip and ration coupons that could be exchanged only in the camp. Adolph, his wife, two children, and mother-in-law were deported from Vienna, Austria, in 1942. They lived in the camp until the International Red Cross took over administration of the camp from the Germans on May 2, 1945. The family then was transferred to the Deggendorf displaced persons camp in Germany where they lived until their immigration to the United States in 1948.
Theresienstadt ghetto-labor camp scrip, 2 kronen note
Object
Scrip used by Adolph Blau and his family when they were imprisoned in the Theresienstadt ghetto-labor camp. All currency was confiscated upon entry and replaced with scrip and ration coupons that could be exchanged only in the camp. Adolph, his wife, two children, and mother-in-law were deported from Vienna, Austria, in 1942. They lived in the camp until the International Red Cross took over administration of the camp from the Germans on May 2, 1945. The family then was transferred to the Deggendorf displaced persons camp in Germany where they lived until their immigration to the United States in 1948.
Theresienstadt ghetto-labor camp scrip, 2 kronen note
Object
Scrip used by Adolph Blau and his family when they were imprisoned in the Theresienstadt ghetto-labor camp. All currency was confiscated upon entry and replaced with scrip and ration coupons that could be exchanged only in the camp. Adolph, his wife, two children, and mother-in-law were deported from Vienna, Austria, in 1942. They lived in the camp until the International Red Cross took over administration of the camp from the Germans on May 2, 1945. The family then was transferred to the Deggendorf displaced persons camp in Germany where they lived until their immigration to the United States in 1948.
Theresienstadt ghetto-labor camp scrip, 2 kronen note
Object
Scrip used by Adolph Blau and his family when they were imprisoned in the Theresienstadt ghetto-labor camp. All currency was confiscated upon entry and replaced with scrip and ration coupons that could be exchanged only in the camp. Adolph, his wife, two children, and mother-in-law were deported from Vienna, Austria, in 1942. They lived in the camp until the International Red Cross took over administration of the camp from the Germans on May 2, 1945. The family then was transferred to the Deggendorf displaced persons camp in Germany where they lived until their immigration to the United States in 1948.
Theresienstadt ghetto-labor camp scrip, 5 kronen note
Object
Scrip used by Adolph Blau and his family when they were imprisoned in the Theresienstadt ghetto-labor camp. All currency was confiscated upon entry and replaced with scrip and ration coupons that could be exchanged only in the camp. Adolph, his wife, two children, and mother-in-law were deported from Vienna, Austria, in 1942. They lived in the camp until the International Red Cross took over administration of the camp from the Germans on May 2, 1945. The family then was transferred to the Deggendorf displaced persons camp in Germany where they lived until their immigration to the United States in 1948.
Theresienstadt ghetto-labor camp scrip, 5 kronen note
Object
Scrip used by Adolph Blau and his family when they were imprisoned in the Theresienstadt ghetto-labor camp. All currency was confiscated upon entry and replaced with scrip and ration coupons that could be exchanged only in the camp. Adolph, his wife, two children, and mother-in-law were deported from Vienna, Austria, in 1942. They lived in the camp until the International Red Cross took over administration of the camp from the Germans on May 2, 1945. The family then was transferred to the Deggendorf displaced persons camp in Germany where they lived until their immigration to the United States in 1948.
Theresienstadt ghetto-labor camp scrip, 5 kronen note
Object
Scrip used by Adolph Blau and his family when they were imprisoned in the Theresienstadt ghetto-labor camp. All currency was confiscated upon entry and replaced with scrip and ration coupons that could be exchanged only in the camp. Adolph, his wife, two children, and mother-in-law were deported from Vienna, Austria, in 1942. They lived in the camp until the International Red Cross took over administration of the camp from the Germans on May 2, 1945. The family then was transferred to the Deggendorf displaced persons camp in Germany where they lived until their immigration to the United States in 1948.
Theresienstadt ghetto-labor camp scrip, 5 kronen note
Object
Scrip used by Adolph Blau and his family when they were imprisoned in the Theresienstadt ghetto-labor camp. All currency was confiscated upon entry and replaced with scrip and ration coupons that could be exchanged only in the camp. Adolph, his wife, two children, and mother-in-law were deported from Vienna, Austria, in 1942. They lived in the camp until the International Red Cross took over administration of the camp from the Germans on May 2, 1945. The family then was transferred to the Deggendorf displaced persons camp in Germany where they lived until their immigration to the United States in 1948.
Theresienstadt ghetto-labor camp scrip, 5 kronen note
Object
Scrip used by Adolph Blau and his family when they were imprisoned in the Theresienstadt ghetto-labor camp. All currency was confiscated upon entry and replaced with scrip and ration coupons that could be exchanged only in the camp. Adolph, his wife, two children, and mother-in-law were deported from Vienna, Austria, in 1942. They lived in the camp until the International Red Cross took over administration of the camp from the Germans on May 2, 1945. The family then was transferred to the Deggendorf displaced persons camp in Germany where they lived until their immigration to the United States in 1948.
Theresienstadt ghetto-labor camp scrip, 5 kronen note
Object
Scrip used by Adolph Blau and his family when they were imprisoned in the Theresienstadt ghetto-labor camp. All currency was confiscated upon entry and replaced with scrip and ration coupons that could be exchanged only in the camp. Adolph, his wife, two children, and mother-in-law were deported from Vienna, Austria, in 1942. They lived in the camp until the International Red Cross took over administration of the camp from the Germans on May 2, 1945. The family then was transferred to the Deggendorf displaced persons camp in Germany where they lived until their immigration to the United States in 1948.
Theresienstadt ghetto-labor camp scrip, 10 kronen note
Object
Scrip used by Adolph Blau and his family when they were imprisoned in the Theresienstadt ghetto-labor camp. All currency was confiscated upon entry and replaced with scrip and ration coupons that could be exchanged only in the camp. Adolph, his wife, two children, and mother-in-law were deported from Vienna, Austria, in 1942. They lived in the camp until the International Red Cross took over administration of the camp from the Germans on May 2, 1945. The family then was transferred to the Deggendorf displaced persons camp in Germany where they lived until their immigration to the United States in 1948.
Theresienstadt ghetto-labor camp scrip, 10 kronen note
Object
Scrip used by Adolph Blau and his family when they were imprisoned in the Theresienstadt ghetto-labor camp. All currency was confiscated upon entry and replaced with scrip and ration coupons that could be exchanged only in the camp. Adolph, his wife, two children, and mother-in-law were deported from Vienna, Austria, in 1942. They lived in the camp until the International Red Cross took over administration of the camp from the Germans on May 2, 1945. The family then was transferred to the Deggendorf displaced persons camp in Germany where they lived until their immigration to the United States in 1948.
Theresienstadt ghetto-labor camp scrip, 10 kronen note
Object
Scrip used by Adolph Blau and his family when they were imprisoned in the Theresienstadt ghetto-labor camp. All currency was confiscated upon entry and replaced with scrip and ration coupons that could be exchanged only in the camp. Adolph, his wife, two children, and mother-in-law were deported from Vienna, Austria, in 1942. They lived in the camp until the International Red Cross took over administration of the camp from the Germans on May 2, 1945. The family then was transferred to the Deggendorf displaced persons camp in Germany where they lived until their immigration to the United States in 1948.
Theresienstadt ghetto-labor camp scrip, 10 kronen note
Object
Scrip used by Adolph Blau and his family when they were imprisoned in the Theresienstadt ghetto-labor camp. All currency was confiscated upon entry and replaced with scrip and ration coupons that could be exchanged only in the camp. Adolph, his wife, two children, and mother-in-law were deported from Vienna, Austria, in 1942. They lived in the camp until the International Red Cross took over administration of the camp from the Germans on May 2, 1945. The family then was transferred to the Deggendorf displaced persons camp in Germany where they lived until their immigration to the United States in 1948.
Theresienstadt ghetto-labor camp scrip, 20 kronen note
Object
Scrip used by Adolph Blau and his family when they were imprisoned in the Theresienstadt ghetto-labor camp. All currency was confiscated upon entry and replaced with scrip and ration coupons that could be exchanged only in the camp. Adolph, his wife, two children, and mother-in-law were deported from Vienna, Austria, in 1942. They lived in the camp until the International Red Cross took over administration of the camp from the Germans on May 2, 1945. The family then was transferred to the Deggendorf displaced persons camp in Germany where they lived until their immigration to the United States in 1948.
Theresienstadt ghetto-labor camp scrip, 20 kronen note
Object
Scrip used by Adolph Blau and his family when they were imprisoned in the Theresienstadt ghetto-labor camp. All currency was confiscated upon entry and replaced with scrip and ration coupons that could be exchanged only in the camp. Adolph, his wife, two children, and mother-in-law were deported from Vienna, Austria, in 1942. They lived in the camp until the International Red Cross took over administration of the camp from the Germans on May 2, 1945. The family then was transferred to the Deggendorf displaced persons camp in Germany where they lived until their immigration to the United States in 1948.
Theresienstadt ghetto-labor camp scrip, 20 kronen note
Object
Scrip used by Adolph Blau and his family when they were imprisoned in the Theresienstadt ghetto-labor camp. All currency was confiscated upon entry and replaced with scrip and ration coupons that could be exchanged only in the camp. Adolph, his wife, two children, and mother-in-law were deported from Vienna, Austria, in 1942. They lived in the camp until the International Red Cross took over administration of the camp from the Germans on May 2, 1945. The family then was transferred to the Deggendorf displaced persons camp in Germany where they lived until their immigration to the United States in 1948.
Theresienstadt ghetto-labor camp scrip, 20 kronen note
Object
Scrip used by Adolph Blau and his family when they were imprisoned in the Theresienstadt ghetto-labor camp. All currency was confiscated upon entry and replaced with scrip and ration coupons that could be exchanged only in the camp. Adolph, his wife, two children, and mother-in-law were deported from Vienna, Austria, in 1942. They lived in the camp until the International Red Cross took over administration of the camp from the Germans on May 2, 1945. The family then was transferred to the Deggendorf displaced persons camp in Germany where they lived until their immigration to the United States in 1948.
Theresienstadt ghetto-labor camp scrip, 20 kronen note
Object
Scrip used by Adolph Blau and his family when they were imprisoned in the Theresienstadt ghetto-labor camp. All currency was confiscated upon entry and replaced with scrip and ration coupons that could be exchanged only in the camp. Adolph, his wife, two children, and mother-in-law were deported from Vienna, Austria, in 1942. They lived in the camp until the International Red Cross took over administration of the camp from the Germans on May 2, 1945. The family then was transferred to the Deggendorf displaced persons camp in Germany where they lived until their immigration to the United States in 1948.
Theresienstadt ghetto-labor camp scrip, 50 kronen note
Object
Scrip used by Adolph Blau and his family when they were imprisoned in the Theresienstadt ghetto-labor camp. All currency was confiscated upon entry and replaced with scrip and ration coupons that could be exchanged only in the camp. Adolph, his wife, two children, and mother-in-law were deported from Vienna, Austria, in 1942. They lived in the camp until the International Red Cross took over administration of the camp from the Germans on May 2, 1945. The family then was transferred to the Deggendorf displaced persons camp in Germany where they lived until their immigration to the United States in 1948.
Theresienstadt ghetto-labor camp scrip, 50 kronen note
Object
Scrip used by Adolph Blau and his family when they were imprisoned in the Theresienstadt ghetto-labor camp. All currency was confiscated upon entry and replaced with scrip and ration coupons that could be exchanged only in the camp. Adolph, his wife, two children, and mother-in-law were deported from Vienna, Austria, in 1942. They lived in the camp until the International Red Cross took over administration of the camp from the Germans on May 2, 1945. The family then was transferred to the Deggendorf displaced persons camp in Germany where they lived until their immigration to the United States in 1948.
Theresienstadt ghetto-labor camp scrip, 50 kronen note
Object
Scrip used by Adolph Blau and his family when they were imprisoned in the Theresienstadt ghetto-labor camp. All currency was confiscated upon entry and replaced with scrip and ration coupons that could be exchanged only in the camp. Adolph, his wife, two children, and mother-in-law were deported from Vienna, Austria, in 1942. They lived in the camp until the International Red Cross took over administration of the camp from the Germans on May 2, 1945. The family then was transferred to the Deggendorf displaced persons camp in Germany where they lived until their immigration to the United States in 1948.
Theresienstadt ghetto-labor camp scrip, 50 kronen note
Object
Scrip used by Adolph Blau and his family when they were imprisoned in the Theresienstadt ghetto-labor camp. All currency was confiscated upon entry and replaced with scrip and ration coupons that could be exchanged only in the camp. Adolph, his wife, two children, and mother-in-law were deported from Vienna, Austria, in 1942. They lived in the camp until the International Red Cross took over administration of the camp from the Germans on May 2, 1945. The family then was transferred to the Deggendorf displaced persons camp in Germany where they lived until their immigration to the United States in 1948.
Theresienstadt ghetto-labor camp scrip, 50 kronen note
Object
Scrip used by Adolph Blau and his family when they were imprisoned in the Theresienstadt ghetto-labor camp. All currency was confiscated upon entry and replaced with scrip and ration coupons that could be exchanged only in the camp. Adolph, his wife, two children, and mother-in-law were deported from Vienna, Austria, in 1942. They lived in the camp until the International Red Cross took over administration of the camp from the Germans on May 2, 1945. The family then was transferred to the Deggendorf displaced persons camp in Germany where they lived until their immigration to the United States in 1948.
Theresienstadt ghetto-labor camp scrip, 100 kronen note
Object
Scrip used by Adolph Blau and his family when they were imprisoned in the Theresienstadt ghetto-labor camp. All currency was confiscated upon entry and replaced with scrip and ration coupons that could be exchanged only in the camp. Adolph, his wife, two children, and mother-in-law were deported from Vienna, Austria, in 1942. They lived in the camp until the International Red Cross took over administration of the camp from the Germans on May 2, 1945. The family then was transferred to the Deggendorf displaced persons camp in Germany where they lived until their immigration to the United States in 1948.
Theresienstadt ghetto-labor camp scrip, 100 kronen note
Object
Scrip used by Adolph Blau and his family when they were imprisoned in the Theresienstadt ghetto-labor camp. All currency was confiscated upon entry and replaced with scrip and ration coupons that could be exchanged only in the camp. Adolph, his wife, two children, and mother-in-law were deported from Vienna, Austria, in 1942. They lived in the camp until the International Red Cross took over administration of the camp from the Germans on May 2, 1945. The family then was transferred to the Deggendorf displaced persons camp in Germany where they lived until their immigration to the United States in 1948.
Theresienstadt ghetto-labor camp scrip, 100 kronen note
Object
Scrip used by Adolph Blau and his family when they were imprisoned in the Theresienstadt ghetto-labor camp. All currency was confiscated upon entry and replaced with scrip and ration coupons that could be exchanged only in the camp. Adolph, his wife, two children, and mother-in-law were deported from Vienna, Austria, in 1942. They lived in the camp until the International Red Cross took over administration of the camp from the Germans on May 2, 1945. The family then was transferred to the Deggendorf displaced persons camp in Germany where they lived until their immigration to the United States in 1948.
Theresienstadt ghetto-labor camp scrip, 100 kronen note
Object
Scrip used by Adolph Blau and his family when they were imprisoned in the Theresienstadt ghetto-labor camp. All currency was confiscated upon entry and replaced with scrip and ration coupons that could be exchanged only in the camp. Adolph, his wife, two children, and mother-in-law were deported from Vienna, Austria, in 1942. They lived in the camp until the International Red Cross took over administration of the camp from the Germans on May 2, 1945. The family then was transferred to the Deggendorf displaced persons camp in Germany where they lived until their immigration to the United States in 1948.
Weimar Germany, 2 Rentenmark note saved by an Austrian Jewish refugee
Object
Two rentenmark note issued as emergency currency in 1923 during the Weimar Republic to help control runaway inflation. It was saved by Adolph Blau and his family. Adolph, his wife, two children, and mother-in-law were deported by the Germans from Vienna, Austria, to the Theresienstadt ghetto-labor camp in Czechoslovakia in 1942. They lived in Terezin until the International Red Cross took over administration of the camp from the Germans on May 2, 1945. The family then was transferred to the Deggendorf displaced persons camp in the American zone in Germany where they lived until their immigration to the United States in 1948.
Buchenwald Aussenkommando slave labor subcamp, scrip, 1 mark note
Object
Buchenwald aussenkommando (outside unit) coupon with no overprint identifying the outside camp within the Buchenwald concentration camp system. Scrip was sometimes issued to forced laborers working in factories. Trudy (Gertrude) Blau may have been issued the scrip when she was imprisoned in Auschwitz and its various labor subcamps from 1944-1945. In 1942, Trudy and her family were deported by the Germans from Vienna, Austria, to the Theresienstadt ghetto-labor camp in Czechoslovakia. In 1944, Trudy volunteered to go to Auschwitz with some friends, and from there was sent to Kurzbach labor camp, where she worked digging ditches until she became ill with typhoid fever. In January 1945, the Germans decided to evacuate the camp because of advancing Soviet forces. While on a forced march, Trudy was liberated in Liegnitz, Germany, by the Soviets. She was reunited with her family in Theresienstadt in the spring of 1945. The family was transferred to the Deggendorf displaced persons camp in Germany where they lived until their emigration to the United States in 1948.
Deggendorf displaced persons camp scrip, 1 Dollar, issued to an Austrian Jewish family
Object
Jewish Community scrip for one Deggendorf dollar issued to Adolph Blau and his family in the Deggendorf displaced persons camp in Germany from 1945-1948. Adolph, his wife, two children, and mother-in-law had been deported in 1942 by the Germans from Vienna, Austria, to Theresienstadt ghetto-labor camp. They lived in the Terezin until the International Red Cross took over administration of the camp from the Germans on May 2, 1945. The family then was transferred to the Deggendorf displaced persons camp in the Bamberg district of Germany in the American zone. They lived there until their immigration to the United States in 1948.
Theresienstadt ghetto-labor camp ration coupon used by an Austrian Jewish inmate
Object
Ration coupon used by Adolph Blau and his family when they were imprisoned in the Theresienstadt ghetto-labor camp. All currency was confiscated upon entry and replaced with scrip and ration coupons that could be exchanged only in the camp. Adolph, his wife, two children, and mother-in-law were deported from Vienna, Austria, in 1942. They lived in the camp until the International Red Cross took over administration of the camp from the Germans on May 2, 1945. The family then was transferred to the Deggendorf displaced persons camp in Germany where they lived until their immigration to the United States in 1948.
Theresienstadt ghetto-labor camp food ration coupon used by an Austrian Jewish inmate
Object
Ration coupon used by Adolph Blau and his family when they were imprisoned in the Theresienstadt ghetto-labor camp. All currency was confiscated upon entry and replaced with scrip and ration coupons that could be exchanged only in the camp. Adolph, his wife, two children, and mother-in-law were deported from Vienna, Austria, in 1942. They lived in the camp until the International Red Cross took over administration of the camp from the Germans on May 2, 1945. The family then was transferred to the Deggendorf displaced persons camp in Germany where they lived until their immigration to the United States in 1948.
Theresienstadt ghetto-labor camp food ration coupon used by an Austrian Jewish prisoner
Object
Ration coupon used by Adolph Blau and his family when they were imprisoned in the Theresienstadt ghetto-labor camp. All currency was confiscated upon entry and replaced with scrip and ration coupons that could be exchanged only in the camp. Adolph, his wife, two children, and mother-in-law were deported from Vienna, Austria, in 1942. They lived in the camp until the International Red Cross took over administration of the camp from the Germans on May 2, 1945. The family then was transferred to the Deggendorf displaced persons camp in Germany where they lived until their immigration to the United States in 1948.
![Two Theresienstadt ghetto-labor camp Kaffeehaus [Coffee house] coupons issued to an Austrian Jewish prisoner](https://www.ushmm.org/media/emu/get?irn=517871&mm_irn=501344&file=secondary "Two Theresienstadt ghetto-labor camp Kaffeehaus [Coffee house] coupons issued to an Austrian Jewish prisoner")
Two Theresienstadt ghetto-labor camp Kaffeehaus [Coffee house] coupons issued to an Austrian Jewish prisoner
Object
Two ration coupons issued to Adolph Blau and his family when they were imprisoned in the Theresienstadt ghetto-labor camp. These perforated coupons were still attached together at the end of the war and would originally have been part of a larger sheet of coupons. All currency was confiscated upon entry and replaced with scrip and ration coupons that could be exchanged only in the camp. Adolph, his wife, two children, and mother-in-law were deported from Vienna, Austria, in 1942. They lived in the camp until the International Red Cross took over administration of the camp from the Germans on May 2, 1945. The family then was transferred to the Deggendorf displaced persons camp in Germany where they lived until their immigration to the United States in 1948.
![Theresienstadt ghetto-labor camp Kaffeehaus [Coffee house] coupon issued to an Austrian Jewish prisoner](https://www.ushmm.org/media/emu/get?irn=517872&mm_irn=501345&file=secondary "Theresienstadt ghetto-labor camp Kaffeehaus [Coffee house] coupon issued to an Austrian Jewish prisoner")
Theresienstadt ghetto-labor camp Kaffeehaus [Coffee house] coupon issued to an Austrian Jewish prisoner
Object
Ration coupon used by Adolph Blau and his family when they were imprisoned in the Theresienstadt ghetto-labor camp. All currency was confiscated upon entry and replaced with scrip and ration coupons that could be exchanged only in the camp. Adolph, his wife, two children, and mother-in-law were deported from Vienna, Austria, in 1942. They lived in the camp until the International Red Cross took over administration of the camp from the Germans on May 2, 1945. The family then was transferred to the Deggendorf displaced persons camp in Germany where they lived until their immigration to the United States in 1948.
![Theresienstadt ghetto-labor camp Kaffeehaus [Coffee house] coupon issued to an Austrian Jewish inmate](https://www.ushmm.org/media/emu/get?irn=517873&mm_irn=501346&file=secondary "Theresienstadt ghetto-labor camp Kaffeehaus [Coffee house] coupon issued to an Austrian Jewish inmate")
Theresienstadt ghetto-labor camp Kaffeehaus [Coffee house] coupon issued to an Austrian Jewish inmate
Object
Ration coupon used by Adolph Blau and his family when they were imprisoned in the Theresienstadt ghetto-labor camp. All currency was confiscated upon entry and replaced with scrip and ration coupons that could be exchanged only in the camp. Adolph, his wife, two children, and mother-in-law were deported from Vienna, Austria, in 1942. They lived in the camp until the International Red Cross took over administration of the camp from the Germans on May 2, 1945. The family then was transferred to the Deggendorf displaced persons camp in Germany where they lived until their immigration to the United States in 1948.
Theresienstadt ghetto-labor camp food coupon issued to an Austrian Jewish prisoner
Object
Ration coupon used by Adolph Blau and his family when they were imprisoned in the Theresienstadt ghetto-labor camp. All currency was confiscated upon entry and replaced with scrip and ration coupons that could be exchanged only in the camp. Adolph, his wife, two children, and mother-in-law were deported from Vienna, Austria, in 1942. They lived in the camp until the International Red Cross took over administration of the camp from the Germans on May 2, 1945. The family then was transferred to the Deggendorf displaced persons camp in Germany where they lived until their immigration to the United States in 1948.
Theresienstadt ghetto-labor camp food coupon issued to an Austrian Jewish prisoner
Object
Ration coupon used by Elsa Blau when she and her family were imprisoned in the Theresienstadt ghetto-labor camp from 1942-1945. All currency was confiscated upon entry and replaced with scrip and ration coupons that could be exchanged only in the camp. Elsa, her husband, Adolph, two children, and her mother were deported from Vienna, Austria, in 1942. They lived in the camp until the International Red Cross took over administration of the camp from the Germans on May 2, 1945. The family then was transferred to the Deggendorf displaced persons camp in Germany where they lived until their immigration to the United States in 1948.
![Theresienstadt ghetto-labor camp Kaffeehaus [Coffee house] coupon issued to an Austrian Jewish prisoner](https://www.ushmm.org/media/emu/get?irn=517874&mm_irn=501347&file=secondary "Theresienstadt ghetto-labor camp Kaffeehaus [Coffee house] coupon issued to an Austrian Jewish prisoner")
Theresienstadt ghetto-labor camp Kaffeehaus [Coffee house] coupon issued to an Austrian Jewish prisoner
Object
Ration coupon used by Adolph Blau and his family when they were imprisoned in the Theresienstadt ghetto-labor camp. All currency was confiscated upon entry and replaced with scrip and ration coupons that could be exchanged only in the camp. Adolph, his wife, two children, and mother-in-law were deported from Vienna, Austria, in 1942. They lived in the camp until the International Red Cross took over administration of the camp from the Germans on May 2, 1945. The family then was transferred to the Deggendorf displaced persons camp in Germany where they lived until their immigration to the United States in 1948.
![Theresienstadt ghetto-labor camp Kaffeehaus [Coffee house] coupon issued to an Austrian Jewish prisoner](https://www.ushmm.org/media/emu/get?irn=517877&mm_irn=501350&file=secondary "Theresienstadt ghetto-labor camp Kaffeehaus [Coffee house] coupon issued to an Austrian Jewish prisoner")
Theresienstadt ghetto-labor camp Kaffeehaus [Coffee house] coupon issued to an Austrian Jewish prisoner
Object
Ration coupon used by Elsa Blau when she and her family were imprisoned in the Theresienstadt ghetto-labor camp from 1942-1945. All currency was confiscated upon entry and replaced with scrip and ration coupons that could be exchanged only in the camp. Elsa, her husband, Adolph, two children, and her mother were deported from Vienna, Austria, in 1942. They lived in the camp until the International Red Cross took over administration of the camp from the Germans on May 2, 1945. The family then was transferred to the Deggendorf displaced persons camp in Germany where they lived until their immigration to the United States in 1948.
Theresienstadt ghetto-labor camp food coupon issued to an Austrian Jewish prisoner
Object
Ration coupon used by Adolph Blau and his family when they were imprisoned in the Theresienstadt ghetto-labor camp. All currency was confiscated upon entry and replaced with scrip and ration coupons that could be exchanged only in the camp. Adolph, his wife, two children, and mother-in-law were deported from Vienna, Austria, in 1942. They lived in the camp until the International Red Cross took over administration of the camp from the Germans on May 2, 1945. The family then was transferred to the Deggendorf displaced persons camp in Germany where they lived until their immigration to the United States in 1948.
Theresienstadt ghetto-labor camp food coupon issued to an Austrian Jewish prisoner
Object
Ration coupon used by Adolph Blau and his family when they were imprisoned in the Theresienstadt ghetto-labor camp. All currency was confiscated upon entry and replaced with scrip and ration coupons that could be exchanged only in the camp. Adolph, his wife, two children, and mother-in-law were deported from Vienna, Austria, in 1942. They lived in the camp until the International Red Cross took over administration of the camp from the Germans on May 2, 1945. The family then was transferred to the Deggendorf displaced persons camp in Germany where they lived until their immigration to the United States in 1948.
Theresienstadt ghetto-labor camp food coupon issued to an Austrian Jewish prisoner
Object
Ration coupon used by Adolph Blau and his family when they were imprisoned in the Theresienstadt ghetto-labor camp. All currency was confiscated upon entry and replaced with scrip and ration coupons that could be exchanged only in the camp. Adolph, his wife, two children, and mother-in-law were deported from Vienna, Austria, in 1942. They lived in the camp until the International Red Cross took over administration of the camp from the Germans on May 2, 1945. The family then was transferred to the Deggendorf displaced persons camp in Germany where they lived until their immigration to the United States in 1948.
Theresienstadt ghetto-labor camp food coupon issued to an Austrian Jewish prisoner
Object
Ration coupon used by Adolph Blau and his family when they were imprisoned in the Theresienstadt ghetto-labor camp. All currency was confiscated upon entry and replaced with scrip and ration coupons that could be exchanged only in the camp. Adolph, his wife, two children, and mother-in-law were deported from Vienna, Austria, in 1942. They lived in the camp until the International Red Cross took over administration of the camp from the Germans on May 2, 1945. The family then was transferred to the Deggendorf displaced persons camp in Germany where they lived until their immigration to the United States in 1948.
Theresienstadt ghetto-labor camp food coupon issued to an Austrian Jewish prisoner
Object
Ration coupon used by Adolph Blau and his family when they were imprisoned in the Theresienstadt ghetto-labor camp. All currency was confiscated upon entry and replaced with scrip and ration coupons that could be exchanged only in the camp. Adolph, his wife, two children, and mother-in-law were deported from Vienna, Austria, in 1942. They lived in the camp until the International Red Cross took over administration of the camp from the Germans on May 2, 1945. The family then was transferred to the Deggendorf displaced persons camp in Germany where they lived until their immigration to the United States in 1948.
Theresienstadt ghetto-labor camp food ration coupon issued to an Austrian Jewish prisoner
Object
Ration coupon used by Adolph Blau and his family when they were imprisoned in the Theresienstadt ghetto-labor camp. All currency was confiscated upon entry and replaced with scrip and ration coupons that could be exchanged only in the camp. Adolph, his wife, two children, and mother-in-law were deported from Vienna, Austria, in 1942. They lived in the camp until the International Red Cross took over administration of the camp from the Germans on May 2, 1945. The family then was transferred to the Deggendorf displaced persons camp in Germany where they lived until their immigration to the United States in 1948.
Two Theresienstadt ghetto-labor camp food ration coupons issued to an Austrian Jewish prisoner
Object
Two ration coupon used by Adolph Blau and his family when they were imprisoned in the Theresienstadt ghetto-labor camp. All currency was confiscated upon entry and replaced with scrip and ration coupons that could be exchanged only in the camp. Adolph, his wife, two children, and mother-in-law were deported from Vienna, Austria, in 1942. They lived in the camp until the International Red Cross took over administration of the camp from the Germans on May 2, 1945. The family then was transferred to the Deggendorf displaced persons camp in Germany where they lived until their immigration to the United States in 1948.
Theresienstadt ghetto-labor camp food ration coupon issued to an Austrian Jewish prisoner
Object
Ration coupon used by Adolph Blau and his family when they were imprisoned in the Theresienstadt ghetto-labor camp. All currency was confiscated upon entry and replaced with scrip and ration coupons that could be exchanged only in the camp. Adolph, his wife, two children, and mother-in-law were deported from Vienna, Austria, in 1942. They lived in the camp until the International Red Cross took over administration of the camp from the Germans on May 2, 1945. The family then was transferred to the Deggendorf displaced persons camp in Germany where they lived until their immigration to the United States in 1948.
Theresienstadt ghetto-labor camp ration coupon issued to an Austrian Jewish prisoner
Object
Ration coupon used by Adolph Blau and his family when they were imprisoned in the Theresienstadt ghetto-labor camp. All currency was confiscated upon entry and replaced with scrip and ration coupons that could be exchanged only in the camp. Adolph, his wife, two children, and mother-in-law were deported from Vienna, Austria, in 1942. They lived in the camp until the International Red Cross took over administration of the camp from the Germans on May 2, 1945. The family then was transferred to the Deggendorf displaced persons camp in Germany where they lived until their immigration to the United States in 1948.
Theresienstadt ghetto-labor camp food ration coupon issued to an Austrian Jewish prisoner
Object
Ration coupon used by Adolph Blau and his family when they were imprisoned in the Theresienstadt ghetto-labor camp. All currency was confiscated upon entry and replaced with scrip and ration coupons that could be exchanged only in the camp. Adolph, his wife, two children, and mother-in-law were deported from Vienna, Austria, in 1942. They lived in the camp until the International Red Cross took over administration of the camp from the Germans on May 2, 1945. The family then was transferred to the Deggendorf displaced persons camp in Germany where they lived until their immigration to the United States in 1948.
Theresienstadt ghetto-labor camp food ration coupon issued to an Austrian Jewish prisoner
Object
Ration coupon used by Adolph Blau and his family when they were imprisoned in the Theresienstadt ghetto-labor camp. All currency was confiscated upon entry and replaced with scrip and ration coupons that could be exchanged only in the camp. Adolph, his wife, two children, and mother-in-law were deported from Vienna, Austria, in 1942. They lived in the camp until the International Red Cross took over administration of the camp from the Germans on May 2, 1945. The family then was transferred to the Deggendorf displaced persons camp in Germany where they lived until their immigration to the United States in 1948.
Portrait of a young female inmate created in Theresienstadt ghetto
Object
Portrait drawing of 19-year old Trudy (Gertrude) Blau done in the Theresienstadt ghetto on January 13, 1944, by Alfred Bergel. In 1942, Trudy and her family were deported by the Germans from Vienna, Austria, to Theresienstadt in Czechoslovakia. In 1944, Trudy volunteered to go to Auschwitz with friends selected for transport. From there, she was sent to Kurzbach labor camp, where she worked digging ditches and contracted typhoid fever. In January 1945, the Germans evacuated the camp because of advancing Soviet forces. Trudy was liberated during the forced march in Liegnitz, Germany. She found her family in Theresienstadt in spring 1945. The Red Cross took over the Terezin camp on May 2. The family was transferred to Deggendorf displaced persons camp in Germany where they lived until their emigration to the United States in 1948. Bergel, age 42, had been deported to Auschwitz-Birkenau extermination camp and murdered in October 1944.
Andachtsbuch : Deutsche gebete zur häuslichen und öffentlichen andacht für israelitische mädchen und jungfrauen [Book]
Object
Jewish devotional book used in Theresienstadt ghetto-labor camp by the Blau family, Adolph, his wife, two children, and mother-in-law who were deported from Vienna, Austria, in 1942. They lived in the camp until the International Red Cross took over administration of the camp from the Germans on May 2, 1945. The family then was transferred to the Deggendorf displaced persons camp in Germany where they lived until their immigration to the United States in 1948.
Book
Object
Book of poetry about Theresienstadt ghetto-labor camp owned by the Blau family, Adolph, his wife, two children, and mother-in-law who were deported from Vienna, Austria, in 1942. They lived in the camp until the International Red Cross took over administration of the camp from the Germans on May 2, 1945. The family then was transferred to the Deggendorf displaced persons camp in Germany where they lived until their immigration to the United States in 1948.
Book
Object
Book of poetry about Theresienstadt ghetto-labor camp owned by the Blau family, Adolph, his wife, two children, and mother-in-law who were deported from Vienna, Austria, in 1942. They lived in the camp until the International Red Cross took over administration of the camp from the Germans on May 2, 1945. The family then was transferred to the Deggendorf displaced persons camp in Germany where they lived until their immigration to the United States in 1948.
