Overview
- Brief Narrative
- Allied Military Authority currency, 1 mark, for use in Germany, acquired by Gerhard Maschkowski, presumably while living in Deggendorf displaced persons camp after the war. Gerhard lived with his parents Arthur and Herta, and brother Siegfried in Elbing, Germany. From 1933, the country was governed by a Nazi dictatorship that persecuted Jews. Siegfried left for Palestine in 1939 and Gerhard was sent to agricultural school. Soon after arrival, Gerhard and the others were sent to Jessenmühle labor camp. In 1941, they were transferred to Neuendorf labor camp. In April 1943, he was deported to Auschwitz, and then to Auschwitz III, Buna-Monowitz. In January 1945, the camp was evacuated. The prisoners spent several months on a death march through Czechoslovakia and Germany. In late April 1945, he was liberated by the Red Army near Breslau, weighing only seventy pounds. He was hospitalized and, after recovering, learned that his parents had survived Theresienstadt. They were reunited in Deggendorf displaced persons camp in Germany.
- Credit Line
- United States Holocaust Memorial Museum Collection, Gift of Gerhard Maschkowski
- Markings
- face, top, center, white letter on black background : ALLIIERTE MILITÄRBEHÖRDE [ALLIED MILITARY]
face, each corner, blue ink : 1
face, top left and bottom right, blue ink : SERIE 1944
face, top, center, blue ink : IN / UMLAUF GESETZT / IN / DEUTSCHLAND [IN / CURRENT LAW / IN / GERMANY]
face, center, black ink : 071479381
face, bottom, center, blue ink : EINE / MARK
Physical Details
- Language
- German
- Classification
-
Exchange Media
- Category
-
Money
- Object Type
-
Occupation currency (lcsh)
- Physical Description
- Square paper currency with a face in light blue green ink with an abstract leafy underprint with a white M in the center, overlaid by a black latticework design, within a black decorative border with German text at the top. The denomination 1 is in each inner corner in blue ink. The serial number is in the center, with German text on all sides. The reverse is in orange ink, with a large white M in the center of an ornate, circular medallion within a square, geometric patterned frame. The note is very creased, soiled, and the bottom right corner is folded and torn.
- Dimensions
- overall: Height: 2.500 inches (6.35 cm) | Width: 3.000 inches (7.62 cm)
- Materials
- overall : paper, ink
Rights & Restrictions
- Conditions on Access
- No restrictions on access
Keywords & Subjects
- Topical Term
- Concentration camp inmates--Poland--Biography. Death marches--Biography. Holocaust survivors--Unites States--Biography. Holocaust, Jewish (1939-1945)--Germany--Personal narratives, Jewish. Jewish refugees--Germany--Deggendorf--Biography. Slave labor--Poland--Biography. World War, 1939-1945--Conscript labor--Personal narratives, Jewish.
Administrative Notes
- Legal Status
- Permanent Collection
- Provenance
- The scrip was donated to the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum in 2013 by Gerhard Maschkowski.
- Funding Note
- The cataloging of this artifact has been supported by a grant from the Conference on Jewish Material Claims Against Germany.
- Record last modified:
- 2023-10-20 11:20:06
- This page:
- https://collections.ushmm.org/search/catalog/irn526654
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Also in Gerhard and Ursula Naumann Maschkowski collection
The collection consists of scrip, documents, and photographs relating to the experiences of Gerhard Maschkowski before the Holocaust in Elbing, Germany, and during the Holocaust in Neuendorf and Auschwitz concentration camps, and of documents, correspondence, and photographic postcards relating to the experiences of Ursula Naumann (later Maschkowski) and her family during the Holocaust in Theresienstadt, and to both Gerhard and Ursula after the war in Deggendorf displaced persons camp, where they met, and in the United States where they later settled.
Date: 1938-2005
Theresienstadt ghetto-labor camp scrip, 1 krone note, owned by a German Jewish survivor
Object
Theresienstadt scrip, valued at 1 (eine) krone, belonging to Gerhard Maschkowski. Gerhard was not interned in the ghetto-labor camp in German occupied Czechoslovakia, but his wife Ursula Naumann and his parents were there several years. Inmates were not allowed to have currency and the SS ordered the Jewish Council to design scrip for use only in the camp. Produced in 7 denominations: 1, 2, 5, 10, 20, 50, 100, it was issued to create a false appearance of normalcy in the camp. There was nothing to obtain with the scrip. Gerhard lived with his parents Arthur and Herta, and brother Siegfried in Elbing, Germany. From 1933, the country was governed by a Nazi dictatorship that persecuted Jews. Siegfried left for Palestine in 1939 and Gerhard was sent to agricultural school. Soon after arrival, Gerhard and the others were sent to Jessenmühle labor camp. In 1941, they were transferred to Neuendorf labor camp. In April 1943, he was deported to Auschwitz, and then to Auschwitz III, Buna-Monowitz. In January 1945, the camp was evacuated. The prisoners spent several months on a death march through Czechoslovakia and Germany. In late April 1945, he was liberated by the Red Army near Breslau, weighing only seventy pounds. He was hospitalized and, after recovering, learned that his parents had survived Theresienstadt. They were reunited in Deggendorf displaced persons camp in Germany.
Theresienstadt ghetto-labor camp scrip, 5 kronen note, owned by a German Jewish survivor
Object
Theresienstadt scrip, valued at 5 [funf] kronen, belonging to Gerhard Maschkowski. Gerhard was not interned in the ghetto-labor camp in German occupied Czechoslovakia, but his wife Ursula Naumann and his parents were there several years. Inmates were not allowed to have currency and the SS ordered the Jewish Council to design scrip for use only in the camp. Produced in 7 denominations: 1, 2, 5, 10, 20, 50, 100, it was issued to create a false appearance of normalcy in the camp. There was nothing to obtain with the scrip. Gerhard lived with his parents Arthur and Herta, and brother Siegfried in Elbing, Germany. From 1933, the country was governed by a Nazi dictatorship that persecuted Jews. Siegfried left for Palestine in 1939 and Gerhard was sent to agricultural school. Soon after arrival, Gerhard and the others were sent to Jessenmühle labor camp. In 1941, they were transferred to Neuendorf labor camp. In April 1943, he was deported to Auschwitz, and then to Auschwitz III, Buna-Monowitz. In January 1945, the camp was evacuated. The prisoners spent several months on a death march through Czechoslovakia and Germany. In late April 1945, he was liberated by the Red Army near Breslau, weighing only seventy pounds. He was hospitalized and, after recovering, learned that his parents had survived Theresienstadt. They were reunited in Deggendorf displaced persons camp in Germany.
Theresienstadt ghetto-labor camp scrip, 20 kronen note, owned by a German Jewish survivor
Object
Theresienstadt scrip, valued at 20 [zwanzig] kronen, belonging to Gerhard Maschkowski. Gerhard was not interned in the ghetto-labor camp in German occupied Czechoslovakia, but his wife Ursula Naumann and his parents were there several years. Inmates were not allowed to have currency and the SS ordered the Jewish Council to design scrip for use only in the camp. Produced in 7 denominations: 1, 2, 5, 10, 20, 50, 100, it was issued to create a false appearance of normalcy in the camp. There was nothing to obtain with the scrip. Gerhard lived with his parents Arthur and Herta, and brother Siegfried in Elbing, Germany. From 1933, the country was governed by a Nazi dictatorship that persecuted Jews. Siegfried left for Palestine in 1939 and Gerhard was sent to agricultural school. Soon after arrival, Gerhard and the others were sent to Jessenmühle labor camp. In 1941, they were transferred to Neuendorf labor camp. In April 1943, he was deported to Auschwitz, and then to Auschwitz III, Buna-Monowitz. In January 1945, the camp was evacuated. The prisoners spent several months on a death march through Czechoslovakia and Germany. In late April 1945, he was liberated by the Red Army near Breslau, weighing only seventy pounds. He was hospitalized and, after recovering, learned that his parents had survived Theresienstadt. They were reunited in Deggendorf displaced persons camp in Germany.
Theresienstadt ghetto-labor camp scrip, 50 kronen note, owned by a German Jewish survivor
Object
Theresienstadt scrip, valued at 50 [funfzig] kronen, belonging to Gerhard Maschkowski. Gerhard was not interned in the ghetto-labor camp in German occupied Czechoslovakia, but his wife Ursula Naumann and his parents were there several years. Inmates were not allowed to have currency and the SS ordered the Jewish Council to design scrip for use only in the camp. Produced in 7 denominations: 1, 2, 5, 10, 20, 50, 100, it was issued to create a false appearance of normalcy in the camp. There was nothing to obtain with the scrip. Gerhard lived with his parents Arthur and Herta, and brother Siegfried in Elbing, Germany. From 1933, the country was governed by a Nazi dictatorship that persecuted Jews. Siegfried left for Palestine in 1939 and Gerhard was sent to agricultural school. Soon after arrival, Gerhard and the others were sent to Jessenmühle labor camp. In 1941, they were transferred to Neuendorf labor camp. In April 1943, he was deported to Auschwitz, and then to Auschwitz III, Buna-Monowitz. In January 1945, the camp was evacuated. The prisoners spent several months on a death march through Czechoslovakia and Germany. In late April 1945, he was liberated by the Red Army near Breslau, weighing only seventy pounds. He was hospitalized and, after recovering, learned that his parents had survived Theresienstadt. They were reunited in Deggendorf displaced persons camp in Germany.
Theresienstadt ghetto-labor camp scrip, 100 kronen note, owned by a German Jewish survivor
Object
Theresienstadt scrip, valued at 500 [eine hundert] kronen, belonging to Gerhard Maschkowski. Gerhard was not interned in the ghetto-labor camp in German occupied Czechoslovakia, but his wife Ursula Naumann and his parents were there several years. Inmates were not allowed to have currency and the SS ordered the Jewish Council to design scrip for use only in the camp. Produced in 7 denominations: 1, 2, 5, 10, 20, 50, 100, it was issued to create a false appearance of normalcy in the camp. There was nothing to obtain with the scrip. Gerhard lived with his parents Arthur and Herta, and brother Siegfried in Elbing, Germany. From 1933, the country was governed by a Nazi dictatorship that persecuted Jews. Siegfried left for Palestine in 1939 and Gerhard was sent to agricultural school. Soon after arrival, Gerhard and the others were sent to Jessenmühle labor camp. In 1941, they were transferred to Neuendorf labor camp. In April 1943, he was deported to Auschwitz, and then to Auschwitz III, Buna-Monowitz. In January 1945, the camp was evacuated. The prisoners spent several months on a death march through Czechoslovakia and Germany. In late April 1945, he was liberated by the Red Army near Breslau, weighing only seventy pounds. He was hospitalized and, after recovering, learned that his parents had survived Theresienstadt. They were reunited in Deggendorf displaced persons camp in Germany.
Gerhard Maschkowski collection
Document
Consists of documents and copies related to the Holocaust experiences of Gerhard Maschkowski, originally of Elbing, Germany. Includes a poem written on the occasion of his 1938 bar mitzvah, identity cards, and information about his experiences in Neuendorf and in Auschwitz. Also includes documents related to Ursula Naumann Maschkowski, including photographic postcards of Theresienstadt and postcards sent to the Naumann family while they were imprisoned there. Also includes material related to the Deggendorf displaced persons camp, where Gerhard and Ursula met; photographic print: black and white image of men and women standing in front of and inside boxcar; captioned on verso: "February 1947 on the way from Munich to Bremerhave to the U.S."; in English; donor is one of the men standing in the doorway (he thinks he is on the far right).
