Oral history interview with Freda Schmelkes

Oral history interview with Ruth Ackerman

Oral History

Ruth Ackerman, a Holocaust survivor, born in 1925, discusses her survival; antisemitism in pre-war Poland; her war experiences in the Warsaw ghetto, and working for a German family under a false name; meeting her husband on a kibbutz; her children; Jewish identity; communication about the Holocaust; and impacts of the Holocaust.

Oral history interview with anonymous interviewee

Oral History

A child of Holocaust survivors, born in 1953, discusses family relationships; moving to the US from Uruguay when she was five years old; her parents (Soloman Redner and Lily Lustig Redner) and their war experiences in hiding; marriage and children; communication about the Holocaust; and impacts of the Holocaust.

Oral history interview with anonymous interviewee

Oral History

A child of Holocaust survivors, born in 1952, discusses family relationships; her parents' difficult marriage; her parents' war experiences; marriage and children; communication about the Holocaust; impacts of the Holocaust; Jewish identity; and health issues.

Oral history interview with anonymous interviewee

Oral History

A grandchild of Holocaust survivors, born in 1977, discusses family; his grandparents’ war experiences; communication about the Holocaust; impacts of the Holocaust; Jewish tradition.

Oral history interview with anonymous interviewee

Oral History

The spouse of a child of survivors, born in 1952, discusses family relationships; family values; marriage and children; and his conversion to Judaism.

Oral history interview with Carol Auerbach

Oral History

Carol Auerbach, the child of a Holocaust survivor, born in 1943, discusses family relationships; her education at Queen’s college; Jewish faith and identity; marriage and children; her mother’s war experiences; communication about the Holocaust; impacts of the Holocaust; the value of dating and marrying someone Jewish.

Oral history interview with anonymous interviewee

Oral History

The grandchild of a Holocaust survivor, born in 1968, discusses family; his grandmother’s war experiences; antisemitism; reasons for the Holocaust; belief in God; Jewish tradition; his feelings about Germany and Germans; the importance of helping others.

Oral history interview with anonymous interviewee

Oral History

A grandchild of a Holocaust survivor, born in 1972, discusses the closeness of her family; the value of communication; Israel and Jewish identity; writing a paper on her great grandparents’ and grandmother’s war experiences, and visiting a concentration camp; impacts of the Holocaust.

Oral history interview with Esther Awruch

Oral History

Esther Awruch, a Holocaust survivor, born in 1923, discusses Jewish faith; her war experiences; her relationship with her husband; coping; and dreams.

Oral history interview with Morris B

Oral History

Morris B, a Holocaust survivor, born in 1920, discusses family relationships; family of origin values; pre-war life and antisemitism in Poland; war experiences; reasons for his family’s survival; immigration to the US; meeting his wife in a DP camp; marriage and children; Jewish identity and faith; communication about the Holocaust; impacts of the Holocaust; and politics.

Oral history interview with Edith Baumhaft

Oral History

Edith Baumhaft, a Holocaust survivor, born in 1912, discusses family; pre-war life in Hungary; her traditional Jewish upbringing; leaving for the United States before the war; belief in God; marriage and children.

Oral history interview with Sara Sally Bedzow

Oral History

Salka Sara Bedzow, a Holocaust survivor, born in 1926, discusses family relationships; family dynamics in pre-war Poland; faith in God; antisemitism pre-war; war experiences in hiding; reasons for survival; immigrating to Canada with her husband; marriage and children; coping; communication about the Holocaust; impacts of the Holocaust.

Oral history interview with anonymous interviewee

Oral History

The child of a Holocaust survivor, born in 1953, discusses family relationships; marriage and children; Jewish identity; communication about the Holocaust; the impacts of the Holocaust.

Oral history interview with Yaakov Berger

Oral History

Yaakov Berger, a Holocaust survivor, born in 1910, discusses pre-war life in a small town in Poland; war experiences; Jewish faith; meeting his wife in Paris after the war; marriage and children; and antisemitism.

Oral history interview with Hansi Bodenheim

Oral History

Hansi Bodenheim, a Holocaust survivor, discusses family; faith in God; war experiences in hiding and in Auschwitz; meeting her husband after liberation; her husband being an interpreter for the Nazi war crime trials; immigration to the US; marriage and children; communication about the Holocaust.

Oral history interview with Helmut Bodenheim

Oral History

Helmut Bodenheim, a Holocaust survivor, born in 1917, discusses family; religion; being sent to the US before the war, and later enlisting in the army and being part of the Normandy invasion; meeting his wife; being an interpreter for the Nazi war crimes trials; and marriage dynamics.

Oral history interview with anonymous interviewee

Oral History

A child of Holocaust survivors, born in 1946, discusses family relationships; immigrating to the United States from Germany as a baby; marriage; Jewish identity and practice; her parents' war experiences; communication about the Holocaust; and impacts of the Holocaust.

Oral history interview with anonymous interviewee

Oral History

The child of a Holocaust survivor, born in 1954, discusses family; marriage and children; his parents’ war experiences in hiding and in the Russian army; assimilating to the US; Jewish identity and tradition; communication about the Holocaust; impacts of the Holocaust; his parents’ health.

Oral history interview with anonymous interviewee

Oral History

A child of Holocaust survivors, born in 1948, discusses his upbringing and family values; marriage and children; parents' war experiences; communication about the Holocaust; impacts of the Holocaust; Jewish identity and faith; and coping.

Oral history interview with anonymous interviewee

Oral History

The spouse of a child of Holocaust survivors, born in 1952, discusses family relationships; her first and second marriages; her blended family; in-laws’ war experiences; communication about the Holocaust; impacts of the Holocaust.

Oral history interview with anonymous interviewee

Oral History

The grandchild of a Holocaust survivor, born in 1979, discusses family relationships; his grandparents’ war experiences; communication about the Holocaust; coping with his parents’ divorce.

Oral history interview with anonymous interviewee

Oral History

A grandchild of Holocaust survivors born in 1981, discusses family relationships; his grandparents’ war experiences; communication about the Holocaust; impacts of the Holocaust; and Jewish identity.

Oral history interview with anonymous interviewee

Oral History

The spouse of a child of survivors, born in 1956, discusses family relationships; her parents' divorce; marriage and children; impacts of the Holocaust on her in-laws and husband; her relationship to Christianity and Judaism; her education and her work.

Oral history interview with Fania Bruner

Oral History

Fania Bruner, a Holocaust survivor, born in 1925, discusses family; antisemitism in pre-war Poland; war experiences in Siberia; surviving with her family; marriage and immigration to the US; Jewish identity and faith; communication about the Holocaust; impacts of the Holocaust.

Oral history interview with anonymous interviewee

Oral History

The child of a survivor, born in 1950, discusses family relationships; his parents' difficult marriage; his parents' war experiences; communication about the Holocaust; impacts of the Holocaust; marriage and children; Jewish identity; coping; health; and politics.

Oral history interview with anonymous interviewee

Oral History

A grandchild of Holocaust survivors born in 1981, discusses family of origin dynamics; what he knows about his grandparents’ war experiences; food and money issues he attributes to the Holocaust.

Oral history interview with Mates Bruner

Oral History

Mates Bruner, a Holocaust survivor, born in 1920, discusses family; pre-war life in Poland; war experiences in labor camps Płaszów and Bergen-Belsen; survival; immigrating to the US; marriage and children; Jewish identity and faith; communication about the Holocaust; impacts of the Holocaust; and coping.

Oral history interview with anonymous interviewee

Oral History

The child of a survivor, born in 1954, discusses family relationships; family of origin dynamics; his parents' pre-war and war experiences; communication about the Holocaust; impacts of the Holocaust; marriage and children; religion.

Oral history interview with anonymous interviewee

Oral History

A child Holocaust survivor, born in 1930 in Krakow, Poland, discusses her pre-war childhood belief in God; war experiences in the Krakow ghetto and being subjected to medical experiments; being in Płaszów, Auschwitz, and Bergen-Belsen; being protected by other people who helped her survive; experiences in the DP camp; marriage and having a child; Jewish identity and faith; erasure as a coping skill; communication about the Holocaust; and impacts of the Holocaust.

Oral history interview with anonymous interviewee

Oral History

The spouse of a child of a Holocaust survivor, born in 1949, discusses family; marriage and children; his evolving relationship to Judaism; impacts of the Holocaust on his wife.

Oral history interview with anonymous interviewee

Oral History

A child of Holocaust survivors, born in 1951, discusses family relationships; her father’s war experiences; the importance of family and religion; coping; communication about the Holocaust; impacts of the Holocaust.

Oral history interview with anonymous interviewee

Oral History

A child of Holocaust survivors, born in 1949, discusses family relationships; the importance of education and coping in family of origin; marriage and children; her parents' war experiences; communication about the Holocaust; impacts of the Holocaust.

Oral history interview with anonymous interviewee

Oral History

The spouse of a child of Holocaust survivors, born in 1941, discusses dynamics of family of origin; being married to a child of survivors; growing up Episcopalian and becoming Jewish; impacts of the Holocaust on his wife.

Oral history interview with anonymous interviewee

Oral History

A grandchild of Holocaust survivors born in 1976, discusses family; his grandparents’ war experiences; communication about the Holocaust; impacts of the Holocaust; Jewish faith and identity; his family’s coping skills.

Oral history interview with Goldie Diament

Oral History

Goldie Diament, a Holocaust survivor, born in 1923, discusses family of origin dynamics; religious faith; pre-war life in Poland; war experiences in a work camp; the loss of her family; life in Germany with her husband post-war; immigrating to the US; marriage and children; communication about the Holocaust; impacts of the Holocaust; and coping.

Oral history interview with anonymous interviewee

Oral History

A child of Holocaust survivors, born in 1947, discusses family relationships; growing up with European parents; her mother's illnesses; marriage and children; her father's experience in Auschwitz and working for Dr. Mengele; her mother's experiences in the Warsaw ghetto; communication about the Holocaust; impacts of the Holocaust; Jewish identity and faith; her parents' liberal views; and coping.

Oral history interview with anonymous interviewee

Oral History

The grandson of Holocaust survivors, born in 1977, discusses his grandparents, Holocaust survivors; friends; school; the future; religion; antisemitism; and his beliefs about equality and success.

Oral history interview with anonymous interviewee

Oral History

The spouse of a child of Holocaust survivors, born in 1948, discusses his education; religion; being related to Holocaust survivors; the potential for human good; and interfaith marriage.

Oral history interview with anonymous interviewee

Oral History

The granddaughter of survivors, discusses her knowledge of her grandparents’ Holocaust experiences and other family members.

Oral history interview with Henry Dluznowski

Oral History

Henry Dluznowski, a Holocaust survivor, born in 1924, discusses his Orthodox upbringing; pre-war antisemitism in Poland; war experiences in a ghetto, a factory, Buchenwald, Bergen-Belsen, Auschwitz, and liberation from Theresienstadt; belief in God; courage; family losses; his marriage to a non-Jew in Poland post-war; his son, who lives in Sweden; his second marriage; Jewish identity; and impacts of the Holocaust.

Oral history interview with anonymous interviewee

Oral History

A child of Holocaust survivors, born in 1948, discusses her Jewish identity; how the Holocaust affected her family’s life; coping mechanisms; interfaith marriage; and her children.

Oral history interview with anonymous interviewee

Oral History

The child of a Holocaust survivor, born in 1963, discusses family; her childhood; her family’s war experiences; Jewish identity; marriage and children; the importance of education; communication about the Holocaust; her parents' views on Israel; impacts of the Holocaust.

Oral history interview with anonymous interviewee

Oral History

The son of a Holocaust survivor, born in 1969, discusses his childhood as the child of a Holocaust survivor; education; his knowledge of the Holocaust; Jewish identity; and aid provided by non-Jews during the war.

Oral history interview with George Erhlich

Oral History

George Erhlich, born in 1928 in Vienna, Austria, discusses the Anschluss; his childhood; immigrating to the United States with his family in June of 1938; his mother obtaining American visas so they could escape Austria; a cousin who was rescued by Mussolini; his mother rescuing Jews; experiencing antisemitism from Catholic children in the United States; life in the United States; and attending Harvard University.

Oral history interview with Dov Eshel

Oral History

Dov Eshel, a Holocaust survivor, born in 1925 in Poland, discusses his childhood; his memories of the war; life in communist Poland; immigrating to Israel in 1948; and life in Israel.

Oral history interview with anonymous interviewee

Oral History

The husband of a child of Holocaust survivors, born in 1950, discusses his childhood; marrying a child of Holocaust survivors; his children and extended family; and Judaism.

Oral history interview with anonymous interviewee

Oral History

The daughter of Holocaust survivors, born in 1949, discusses growing up as a child of Holocaust survivors; immigrating to the United States as a child; Judaism; and her knowledge of her parents’ experiences in Hungary, Bergen-Belsen, and a displaced persons camp in Switzerland.

Oral history interview with Kim Fendrick

Oral History

Kim Fendrick, a child survivor, born in 1936 in Poland, discusses her dual identities as both a child survivor and a child of survivors; hiding with three families to avoid ghetto deportations; her neighborhood becoming a ghetto; being hidden by a Ukrainian farmer; leaving the farmer’s house after he was caught hiding other Jews; encountering Nazis immediately after leaving the house; escaping to the woods; life in a displaced persons camp; training herself to wake up from nightmares she had while in hiding; suffering from typhus and being smuggled to a hospital in another town; living under both Soviet and Nazi rule; her Jewish identity and relationship with Judaism; the fate of her relatives; her relationships with friends and family; adjustment to life in the United States; the influence of the Holocaust on her and her children; and her present life.

Oral history interview with Regina Fields

Oral History

Regina Fields, a Holocaust survivor, born in 1923 in Poland, discusses her wartime experiences; hiding with a non-Jewish woman; life in a displaced persons camp after the war; immigrating to the United States; and life in the United States.

Oral history interview with Dorothy Finger

Oral History

Dorothy Finger, a Holocaust survivor, born in 1929 in Poland, discusses Soviet rule in Poland; her wartime experiences; antisemitism; immigrating to the United States; and the lasting psychological effects of the war.

Oral history interview with Louis Finger

Oral History

Louis Finger, the husband of a Holocaust survivor, born in 1920, discusses his family history, serving in the US Army during the war; marrying a Holocaust survivor; and learning about his wife’s wartime experiences.

Oral history interview with anonymous interviewee

Oral History

The child of a Holocaust survivor, born in 1960, discusses her family; education; Jewish traditions; and loss.

Oral history interview with anonymous interviewee

Oral History

The grandson of Holocaust survivors, born in 1980, discusses his understanding of his grandparents’ wartime experiences; family; Zionism and Judaism.

Oral history interview with Sal Finkelstein

Oral History

Sal Finkelstein, born in Poland in 1925, discusses his wartime experiences; immigrating to the United States; life in the United States; Jewish identity; religion; and his family.

Oral history interview with Anneliese Fischer

Oral History

Anneliese Fischer, a Holocaust survivor, born in 1918, describes growing up in Cologne, Germany; her education; Hitler’s rise to power; relationships between Gentiles and Jews; and her family’s attempts to emigrate.

Oral history interview with Edward Fischer

Oral History

Edward Fischer, a Holocaust survivor, born in 1907 in Berlin, Germany to a Polish family, describes his upbringing; his relationship with Zionism; and his experiences in Palestine and the United States.

Oral history interview with Bernard Freilich

Oral History

Bernard Freilich, born in Poland in 1924, describes his experiences growing up in Poland; being apprenticed as a shoemaker; his time in a ghetto and in Mauthausen; hiding in a bunker in a forest from December 1944 to May 1945; seeing the Gestapo beat one of his neighbors; immigrating to the United States in 1949; and his life in America, including his marriage and children.

Oral history interview with Dora Freilich

Oral History

Dora Freilich, born in Poland in 1926, discusses her wartime experiences; living in Russian and Poland after the war; immigrating to the United States; antisemitism; and her life in the United States.

Oral history interview with Joan Friedman

Oral History

Joan Friedman, the daughter of Holocaust survivors, born in 1943 in Shanghai, China, discusses growing up in Shanghai with European parents; immigrating to the United States; family; interfaith marriage; and the Jewish communities of Shanghai and Venezuela.

Oral history interview with anonymous interviewee

Oral History

The grandchild of a Holocaust survivor, born in 1977, discusses her family; Judaism; her knowledge of her grandmother’s wartime experiences; and public awareness of the Holocaust.

Oral history interview with Sabrina Fromel

Oral History

Sabrina Fromel, born in Łódź, Poland in 1920, discusses her wartime experiences; immigrating to the United States; her post-war life; and psychological effects of the war.

Oral history interview with anonymous interviewee

Oral History

The child of survivors, born in 1948, discusses her family; Judaism; her identity as a child of survivors; and her parents’ postwar lives.

Oral history interview with anonymous interviewee

Oral History

The daughter of Holocaust survivors, born in 1951, discusses religion; her family; the psychological effects of the war on her parents; and her relationship to her parents.

Oral history interview with anonymous interviewee

Oral History

The grandson of Holocaust survivors, born in 1982, describes his knowledge of the Holocaust and its impact on him; his knowledge of his grandmother’s story; and his feelings about Israel.

Oral history interview with anonymous interviewee

Oral History

The granddaughter of Holocaust survivors, born in 1991, describes learning her grandmother’s Holocaust story and the impact it had on her; her religious beliefs; her relationship with her family; and Holocaust education in her school.

Oral history interview with Vera Goodkin

Oral History

Vera Goodkin, a Holocaust survivor, born in Czechoslovakia in 1930, discusses her wartime experiences; Raoul Wallenberg; the immediate psychological effects of the war; immigrating to the United States; religion; and her career and family.

Oral history interview with anonymous interviewee

Oral History

The granddaughter of Holocaust survivors, born in 1979, discusses her relationship to her grandparents, Holocaust survivors; traveling to Poland; living in Israel; and antisemitism.

Oral history interview with anonymous interviewee

Oral History

The grandson of Holocaust survivors, born in 1982, discusses his relationship to his grandparents, Holocaust survivors; his university studies; and Israel.

Oral history interview with anonymous interviewee

Oral History

The spouse of a child of survivors, born in 1952, discusses his political and religious views; his family; and the relationships formed between their families.

Oral history interview with anonymous interviewee

Oral History

The daughter of Holocaust survivors, born in 1961, discusses her relationship with her parents; her family; traveling to Germany and Israel; and her Jewish identity.

Oral history interview with anonymous interviewee

Oral History

The daughter of Holocaust survivors, born in 1951, discusses her relationship with her parents; the psychological effects of the war on her parents; Judaism; and raising her own family.

Oral history interview with anonymous interviewee

Oral History

The child of survivors, born in 1955, discusses being born in Uruguay to Holocaust survivors; growing up in the United States; Judaism and Jewish culture; and her marriage and family.

Oral history interview with Harry Hartz

Oral History

Harry Hartz, the spouse of a Holocaust survivor, born in 1925, discusses his experiences as an American Jew during World War II; antisemitism; marrying a Holocaust survivor; and their life together.

Oral history interview with Ruth Hartz

Oral History

Ruth Hartz (née Kapp), a Holocaust survivor, discusses her early childhood in France; her wartime name Renee; her wartime experiences; post-war life in Paris; marrying and moving to the United States; and her career and family.

Oral history interview with anonymous interviewee

Oral History

The daughter of Holocaust survivors, born in 1961, discusses her relationship with her parents; the effects the Holocaust had on her parents; Judaism; her political beliefs; and getting married and raising children.

Oral history interview with Isadore Hollander and Anni Hollander

Oral History

Isadore Hollander, born in 1920 in Paris, France, and Anni Hollander, born in 1926 in Bendin, Poland, describe getting married after the end of World War II; Isadore’s service in the Polish Army; time in concentration camps, Siberia, and a ghetto; leaving Poland illegally; and raising a family.

Oral history interview with anonymous interviewee

Oral History

The son of Holocaust survivors, born in 1957, discusses his relationship to his parents; knowing about his parents’ wartime experiences; their coping mechanisms; traveling to Poland; and his marriage and family.

Oral history interview with Saba Hollander

Oral History

Saba Hollander, a Holocaust survivor, born in 1922, discusses family relationships; her Orthodox upbringing; pre-war antisemitism; getting married during wartime; hiding a baby throughout the war; being in a labor camp; being shot by the Polish army after the war; her health as a result of the shooting; her husband’s death; her second marriage; raising children; communication about the Holocaust; impacts of the Holocaust.

Oral history interview with Ann Jaffe

Oral History

Ann Jaffe, a Holocaust survivor, born in 1931, discusses family relationships; her Orthodox upbringing; pre-war antisemitism in Poland; escaping from the ghetto and hiding in the forest throughout the war; faith in God; marriage and children; coping mechanisms; communication about the Holocaust; impacts of the Holocaust.

Oral history interview with Lily Yozsef

Oral History

Lily Yozsef, a Holocaust survivor, born in 1925, discusses her relationships with family; her experiences during the war in Czechoslovakia, Auschwitz, Stutthoff, and Baumgarten; surviving the war with her sisters; staying in Russia after the war; her lack of belief in God; and moving to Israel.

Oral history interview with anonymous interviewee

Oral History

A child of Holocaust survivors, born in 1948, discusses family losses; her difficult relationship with her mother; her early life in Hungary; marriage and children; Jewish identity; her mother’s war experiences in the camps; her own experiences in the Hungarian Revolution; communication about the Holocaust; impacts of the Holocaust.

Oral history interview with anonymous interviewee

Oral History

The granddaughter of a Holocaust survivor, born in 1977, discusses her grandmother’s war experiences; communication about the Holocaust; the importance of dignity as an impact of the Holocaust; Jewish faith and identity; coping mechanisms.

Oral history interview with anonymous interviewee

Oral History

The granddaughter of a Holocaust survivor, born in 1976, discusses her difficulties in school; her grandmother’s war experiences; the impact of the Holocaust on her grandmother and her mother, but not on herself; lack of Jewish identity; and antisemitism.

Oral history interview with anonymous interviewee

Oral History

A child of Holocaust survivors, born in 1952, discusses dynamics of family of origin; her parents’ war experiences; being married to another child of survivors; her children; Jewish identity and faith; communication about the Holocaust; impacts of the Holocaust; therapy as a coping mechanism; and the importance of family.

Oral history interview with anonymous interviewee

Oral History

A child of Holocaust survivors, born in 1947, discusses family of origin dynamics; his parents’ war experiences; marriage and children; communication about the Holocaust; impacts of the Holocaust; Jewish faith and identity.

Oral history interview with anonymous interviewee

Oral History

A grandchild of Holocaust survivors born in 1978, discusses family of origin dynamics; what he knows of his grandmother’s war experiences; his lack of religiosity; and mental health.

Oral history interview with anonymous interviewee

Oral History

The spouse of a child of Holocaust survivors, born in 1949, discusses her abusive childhood; marriage and children; communication about the Holocaust; Jewish identity and tradition.

Oral history interview with Genia Klapholz

Oral History

Genia Klapholz, a Holocaust survivor, born in 1912, discusses her early involvement in Zionism; religion in her pre-war home; pre-war antisemitism; family losses; her war experiences in hiding and in Auschwitz; explanations for her survival; immigration to the US; marriage and children; Jewish identity and faith; communication about the Holocaust; and coping mechanisms.

Oral history interview with anonymous interviewee

Oral History

A child of Holocaust survivors, born in 1954, discusses the transition moving from the family farm to Philadelphia when he was a child; his parents’ war experiences; marriage and children; communication about the Holocaust; Jewish identity.

Oral history interview with Sarah Klein

Oral History

Sarah Klein, a Holocaust survivor, born in 1922, discusses family of origin dynamics; pre-war antisemitism; working in a labor camp in Siberia; meeting her husband and having a child in Germany after the war; immigration to the US; dynamics of nuclear family.

Oral history interview with anonymous interviewee

Oral History

A Holocaust survivor, born in 1921, discusses antisemitism pre-war; war experiences in the Warsaw ghetto, hiding in a bunker, and in Majdanek; surviving with her sister; liberation from Bergen-Belsen; marriage; immigration to Israel; communication about the Holocaust; and living in the US.

Oral history interview with anonymous interviewee

Oral History

A child of Holocaust survivors, born in 1961, discusses family relationships; family of origin dynamics; her parents’ war experiences; marriage and children; her Jewish identity; impacts of the Holocaust.

Oral history interview with anonymous interviewee

Oral History

A child of Holocaust survivors, born in 1953, discusses family relationships; family of origin dynamics; Jewish identity and faith; her parents’ war experiences; marriage and children; the value of education; communication about the Holocaust; impacts of the Holocaust.

Oral history interview with anonymous interviewee

Oral History

A child of Holocaust survivors, born in 1949, discusses dynamics of family of origin; her parents’ adjustment to the US; marriage and children; her parents’ pre-war lives and their war experiences in concentration camps; Jewish identity and faith; communication about the Holocaust; impacts of the Holocaust; and antisemitism.

Oral history interview with anonymous interviewee

Oral History

A child of Holocaust survivors, born in 1947, discusses growing up as a child of survivors, with Yiddish as his first language; his parents’ experiences in hiding during the war; marriage and children; Jewish identity and faith; communication about the Holocaust; impacts of the Holocaust; his parents’ mistrust of non-Jewish; and his physical health.

Oral history interview with anonymous interviewee

Oral History

A grandchild of Holocaust survivors born in 1977, discusses family of origin dynamics; her grandparents’ war experiences; communication about the Holocaust; the Holocaust’s impact on her Jewish identity and faith; and her family’s coping mechanisms.

Oral history interview with anonymous interviewee

Oral History

A grandchild of Holocaust survivors born in 1981, discusses family relationships; his grandparents’ war experiences; his admiration for his grandparents and what they went through; communication about the Holocaust; his visit to Israel; and coping mechanisms.

Oral history interview with anonymous interviewee

Oral History

A grandchild of Holocaust survivors born in 1975, discusses her grandparents’ war experiences; communication about the Holocaust; trying to make up for what her grandparents lost in terms of education; her family’s work ethic due to the Holocaust; coping; and her health.

Oral history interview with Margot Krisch

Oral History

Margot Krisch, a Holocaust survivor, born in 1925, discusses pre-war life in Berlin; being raised Jewish despite her mother not being Jewish; working in a few hospitals during the war; marriage and children; faith in God as a coping skill; coping with illness; communication about the Holocaust; and impacts of the Holocaust.

Oral history interview with Hardy Kupferberg

Oral History

Hardy Kupferberg, a Holocaust survivor, born in 1922, discusses her happy childhood; her family’s involvement in the synagogue pre-war; her war experiences in forced labor and in Ravensbrück; family losses; marriage to another Holocaust survivor; raising a child; Jewish faith and identity; communication about the Holocaust; impacts of the Holocaust.

Oral history interview with Kurt Kupferberg

Oral History

Kurt Kupferberg, a Holocaust survivor, born in 1907, discusses growing up poor in Berlin; his war experiences in Oranienburg/Sachsenhausen, Dachau, and Buchenwald; meeting his wife; his fluctuating faith in God; and dreaming about the Holocaust.

Oral history interview with Jacques Lipetz

Oral History

Oral history interview with Mrs. Leizerowski

Oral History

Mrs. Leizerowski, a Holocaust survivor, born in 1926 in Poland, discusses her traditional Orthodox upbringing; family losses; spending the war years in hiding; her faith in God throughout the Holocaust; living in Switzerland after the war; marriage and children; communication about the Holocaust; impacts of the Holocaust.

Oral history interview with Rabbi Boruch Leizerowski

Oral History

Rabbi Boruch Leizerowski, a Holocaust survivor, born in 1908, discusses his religious upbringing; his pre-war life as a rabbi in Łódź; living in the Łódź ghetto for four years; his experiences in Auschwitz and Dachau; faith in God; marriage and children; being a rabbi in America.

Oral history interview with Marion Ladar

Oral History

Marion Ladar, a Holocaust survivor, born in 1920, discusses her parents' divorce when she was a child; leaving Germany in 1939 for Shanghai, China; the impacts of Pearl Harbor; her father being in a concentration camp; immigration to the US; Jewish identity.

Oral history interview with anonymous interviewee

Oral History

A child of Holocaust survivors, born in 1950, discusses growing up with his parents’ involvement in survivor organizations; his relationships with women; his parents’ hiding together during the war; Jewish identity and faith; communication about the Holocaust; impacts of the Holocaust; and coping.

Oral history interview with Zelda Liebling

Oral History

Zelda Liebling, a Holocaust survivor, born in 1918, discusses her father’s death when she was a child, and the closeness of her family of origin; her war experiences in camps and in hiding; family losses; surviving the war with her husband; marriage and children; Jewish identity and faith; communication about the Holocaust; impacts of the Holocaust.

Oral history interview with anonymous interviewee

Oral History

The child of a Holocaust survivor, born in 1964, discusses his difficult relationship with his father; the death of his mother; the impact of the Holocaust on his Jewish identity; his desire to lead a more religious life; and being on the cusp of marriage.

Oral history interview with Eric Lipetz

Oral History

Eric Lipetz, a Holocaust survivor, born in 1936, discusses spending the war years with his family in the Philippines; marriage and children; living in Israel for a number of years; Jewish identity and faith; and impacts of the Holocaust.

Oral history interview with Inez Friedman Lipetz

Oral History

Inez Friedman Lipetz, the spouse of a Holocaust survivor, born in 1938, discusses the altruism of her family of origin; her first marriage; meeting her second husband at rabbinical school; her children; Jewish tradition; and being married to a Holocaust survivor.

Oral history interview with Margaret Lipetz and Ari Lipetz

Oral History

Margaret Lipetz, the spouse of a Holocaust survivor, born around 1945, discusses growing up poor; marriage and children; the impact of the Holocaust on her husband; her conversion to Judaism. Ari Lipetz, the child of a Holocaust survivor, born in 1972, discusses his family’s decision to move to Israel for ten years; his father’s communication about the Holocaust; the impact of the Holocaust on his Jewish identity; and his feeling more like an Israeli than an American Jew.

Oral history interview with anonymous interviewee

Oral History

The child of a Holocaust survivor, born in 1952, discusses family of origin dynamics; being married to a non-Jew; raising a child; feelings of guilt concerning the Holocaust; and communication about the Holocaust.

Oral history interview with Roman Luftglas

Oral History

Roman Luftglas, a Holocaust survivor, born in 1925, discusses the value of education in his childhood home; his war experiences in the ghetto, Auschwitz, a factory, and a labor camp; joining the army in the US; marriage and children; impacts of the Holocaust; Jewish identity and faith; coping skills.

Oral history interview with anonymous interviewee

Oral History

A child of Holocaust survivors, born in 1957, discusses dynamics of family of origin; worrying; avoiding communication about the Holocaust; Jewish identity and faith; marriage and children; and impacts of the Holocaust on child-rearing.

Oral history interview with anonymous interviewee

Oral History

The spouse of a child of Holocaust survivors, born in 1956, discusses his limited awareness of his in-laws’ Holocaust experiences; wanting his children to learn about the Holocaust; the over-protectiveness of his in-laws; coping skills; antisemitism; and marriage and children.

Oral history interview with Nathan Marx

Oral History

Nathan Marx, a Holocaust survivor, born in 1909, discusses working in a clothing factory pre-war; leaving for the United States in 1938 (one of his brothers was already in the US); family losses; working as a grocer in the US; marriage and children; communication about the Holocaust; coping skills; being affiliated with Conservative Judaism; impacts of the Holocaust.

Oral history interview with anonymous interviewee

Oral History

The child of a Holocaust survivor, born in 1953, discusses family of origin dynamics and growing up in Camden; marriage and children; leaving her husband and exercising her independence; experiencing a lack of joy in religion; coping skills; her parents’ war experiences; impacts of the Holocaust; and her optimism.

Oral history interview with anonymous interviewee

Oral History

The grandchild of a Holocaust survivor, born in 1980, discusses the impact of the Holocaust on her grandmother; her pride in her Jewish identity and in being a grandchild of survivors; communication about the Holocaust; her grandmother’s belief in God as a means of survival; and the strength of her family relationships.

Oral history interview with anonymous interviewee

Oral History

The grandchild of a Holocaust survivor, born in 1978, discusses being the child of divorced parents; the importance of family; feeling disconnected from her Jewish identity; doing a school project on her grandparents’ war experiences; the importance of having non-Jewish friends; having a non-Jewish boyfriend; an abundance of food as an impact of the Holocaust.

Oral history interview with Adele Mermelstein

Oral History

Adele Mermelstein, a Holocaust survivor, born in 1920, discusses family; coping; her war experiences in the ghetto, Auschwitz, and in work details; surviving with her sisters; going to Bamberg displaced persons camp; her belief in God; immigration to the US; marriage and children.

Oral history interview with anonymous interviewee

Oral History

The child of a Holocaust survivor, born in 1954, discusses family of origin dynamics; marriage and children; naming her children after family who died in the Holocaust; the independence of her children; her father’s war experiences; belief in God; communication about the Holocaust; impacts of the Holocaust; and Zionism.

Oral history interview with Daniel Muller

Oral History

Daniel Muller, a Holocaust survivor, born in 1912, discusses his war experiences; being mobilized into the Polish Army; working as a laborer in Siberia, and working on a collective farm; God’s role in his survival; the importance of Holocaust education; immigrating to Israel with his wife, and later to the US with their son; and family health issues.

Oral history interview with Violet Newman

Oral History

Violet Neumann, a Holocaust survivor, born in 1912, discusses her religiosity in her youth; being married before the war; moving between Czechoslovakia and Hungary during the war, being in jail, and ending up in Auschwitz; meeting her second husband; immigration; raising her daughter Orthodox.

Oral history interview with anonymous interviewee

Oral History

A grandchild of Holocaust survivors born in 1976, discusses her parents’ divorce; communication about the Holocaust; the impact of the Holocaust on her mother; luck as an explanation for her grandparents’ survival; Jewish identity and faith; and her feelings about Israel.

Oral history interview with anonymous interviewee

Oral History

A grandchild of Holocaust survivors, born in 1993, discusses family values of working hard and being patient; her grandparents’ war experiences; reading about the Holocaust; Jewish faith and identity; and her hopes for peace between the Palestinians and the Israelis.

Oral history interview with anonymous interviewee

Oral History

A grandchild of Holocaust survivors born in 1990, discusses family values of Jewish religion and education; his interest in history; his grandparents’ war experiences; learning about the Holocaust through his mother rather than his grandparents; his feelings about Israel; Jewish identity and faith.

Oral history interview with anonymous interviewee

Oral History

The spouse of a child of Holocaust survivors, born in 1945, discusses family of origin dynamics growing up in the Bronx; attending Yiddish schools; marriage and children; the importance of Israel; Jewish identity and faith; his feelings about German Jews and about Europe.

Oral history interview with Regina Orback Penner

Oral History

Regina Orback Penner, a Holocaust survivor, born in 1918, discusses pre-war antisemitism in Poland; being in the ghetto, working in an ammunitions factory, being in Bergen-Belsen and a few other camps, and marching through the Tyrol; marriage and children; her ambivalence about God; health impacts of the war; and antisemitism in America.

Oral history interview with anonymous interviewee

Oral History

A grandchild of Holocaust survivors born in 1984, discusses family of origin dynamics and values; his desire to please his parents; his grandparents’ war experiences; communication about the Holocaust; his views on religion and politics; impacts of the Holocaust; Jewish identity and faith.

Oral history interview with Rita Rappaport

Oral History

Rita Rappaport, a child Holocaust survivor, born in 1937 in Vienna, Austria, discusses family of origin dynamics; being a small child and hearing the Nazis enter her father’s store; escaping Vienna with her parents; her unhappy marriage; Jewish identity and faith; her mother’s strength.

Oral history interview with Esther Rasch

Oral History

Esther Rasch (née Fried), a Holocaust survivor, born in November 1927 in Sael, Hungary (now Saelele, Romania), discusses her religious upbringing; her mother’s foresight about the war and insistence that her children learn trades; her war experiences in hiding and helping Wallenberg in Budapest; her difficult marriage; raising children; Jewish identity and faith; and nightmares about the Holocaust.

Oral history interview with George Revesz

Oral History

George Revesz, a Holocaust survivor, born in 1924 in Budapest, Hungary, discusses the importance of practicing the Jewish faith; pre-war antisemitism; his war experiences hiding in the woods, in Bergen-Belsen, and working in Switzerland; living in Switzerland and attending university there after the war; meeting his first wife in Switzerland, later moving to England and America; marriage and children; communication about the Holocaust; and supporting Israel.

Oral history interview with Vera Revesz

Oral History

Vera Revesz, a Holocaust survivor, born in 1935 in Bratislava, Czechoslovakia (now Slovakia), discusses her father being kidnapped and put in a camp just before the war; her husband’s experiences in a labor camp; being in the United States during the war; meeting her husband; raising children; Jewish identity and faith; communication about the Holocaust; impacts of the Holocaust; her health, and her feelings about humanity.

Oral history interview with anonymous interviewee

Oral History

The spouse of a child of Holocaust survivors, born in 1956, discusses her relationships with family; the impact of the Holocaust on her husband and mother-in-law; her lack of communication with her husband about the Holocaust; her Jewish identity; and antisemitism.

Oral history interview with Paul Roheim

Oral History

Paul Roheim, a Holocaust survivor, born in 1925 in Kiskunhalas, Hungary, discusses family of origin dynamics; living in a ghetto in Hungary, and moving around to different camps; luck and inner strength as means of survival; immigration to the US; marriage and children; Jewish identity and faith; his work as a physician.

Oral history interview with Abram Roitman

Oral History

Abram Roitman, a Holocaust survivor, born in 1918 in Żółkiewka, Poland, discusses family relationships; pre-war life in Poland; his war experiences in the Russian army in Siberia, and in Tashkent, Uzbekistan; the deaths of his family; hostility towards the Jews in Poland after the war; his marriage after the war; having a child in a DP camp; immigration to Canada and then the US; his Jewish identity; coping after the war.

Oral history interview with Eva Roitman

Oral History

Eva Roitman, a Holocaust survivor, born in 1924 in Wlodzimierz, Poland (now Volodymyr-Volyns'kyi, Ukraine), discusses family of origin dynamics; her interest in Christianity since childhood; her war experiences in hiding and doing farm work; being sexually assaulted by several men during the war; being baptized after liberation; family losses; coping through her new religion of Catholicism; meeting her husband after the war and having a child; the difficulty of her marriage.

Oral history interview with anonymous interviewee

Oral History

A child of Holocaust survivors, born in 1949, discusses her difficult upbringing and family dynamics; her first and second marriages; parenting; impacts of the Holocaust; coping skills; communication about the Holocaust; her mother’s hiding as a Catholic during the war; and her lack of belief in God.

Oral history interview with anonymous interviewee

Oral History

The child of a Holocaust survivor, born in 1947 in Teplice, Czech Republic, discusses being born in Czechoslovakia, moving to Israel as a child, and then later to the US; being sexually assaulted as a child; marriage and children; her distrust of Orthodox Judaism; Jewish identity and faith; communication about the Holocaust; impacts of the Holocaust; and her health.

Oral history interview with anonymous interviewee

Oral History

The child of a Holocaust survivor, born in 1947 in Teplice, Czech Republic, discusses being born in Czechoslovakia, moving to Israel as a child, and then later to the US; marriage and children; her distrust of Orthodox Judaism; Jewish identity and faith; communication about the Holocaust; impacts of the Holocaust; and her health.

Oral history interview with anonymous interviewee

Oral History

A Holocaust survivor, born in 1938, discusses family of origin dynamics; her war experiences in the Łódź ghetto and in hiding around Warsaw; survivor guilt; liberation and immigration; marriage and children; Jewish identity and faith; communication about the Holocaust; her and her husband’s political involvement; and the impact of the Holocaust.

Oral history interview with Rita Ross

Oral History

Rita Ross, a Holocaust survivor and the child of a Holocaust survivor, born in 1936, discusses family of origin dynamics, especially her father’s rigid discipline; her first and second marriages; her children; Jewish identity and faith; her war experiences in hiding and in a prisoner of war camp; impacts of the Holocaust.

Oral history interview with Charles Scherz

Oral History

Charles Scherz, a Holocaust survivor, born in 1916, discusses family of origin dynamics; his strictly religious upbringing; Zionism; building a bunker and hiding during the war; family losses; transitioning to the US; marriage and children; communication about the Holocaust; Jewish identity and faith.

Oral history interview with Margit Shipek

Oral History

Margit Shipek, a Holocaust survivor, born in 1914, discusses her childhood in Vienna, Austria; being a refugee in England during the war; family losses; her husband’s being in the Warsaw ghetto, Auschwitz, and Mauthausen; immigration to the US; dynamics of nuclear family; Jewish identity and faith; her husband’s communication about the Holocaust.

Oral history interview with anonymous interviewee

Oral History

A child of Holocaust survivors, born in 1961, discusses family of origin dynamics; his mother’s war experiences in Auschwitz and working in Schindler’s factory; his father’s being in a death march; the difference between his mother’s and father’s communication about the Holocaust; Jewish identity and faith.

Oral history interview with anonymous interviewee

Oral History

The child of a Holocaust survivor, born in 1953, discusses his parents' difficulty adjusting to life in the US after the war; dynamics of family of origin; communication about the Holocaust; impacts of the Holocaust; marriage and children; Jewish identity and faith; and his anxiety.

Oral history interview with Rosalie Simon

Oral History

Rosalie Simon, a Holocaust survivor, born in 1931, discusses pre-war antisemitism in Kriva Velka, Czechoslovakia (now Kryva, Ukraine); her war experiences in the ghetto and Auschwitz; family losses; survival with her sisters; marriage and children; Jewish identity and faith.

Oral history interview with anonymous interviewee

Oral History

The child of a Holocaust survivor, born in 1956, discusses her father’s loss of his brother during the war and his subsequent acts of revenge; her mother being in a concentration camp; communication about the Holocaust; impacts of the Holocaust; and having a child.

Oral history interview with Sidney Simon

Oral History

Sidney Simon, a Holocaust survivor, born in 1925, discusses antisemitism in pre-war Poland; his war experiences as a partisan, in the Russian army, and in the secret police; the loss of his brother; acts of revenge; marriage and children; Jewish identity and faith; communication about the Holocaust; impacts of the Holocaust.

Oral history interview with anonymous interviewee

Oral History

The child of a Holocaust survivor, born in 1957, discusses dynamics of family of origin; his parents’ war experiences; legacy of a strong work ethic; communication about the Holocaust; the impact of the Holocaust on his parents’ parenting; Jewish identity and the importance of marrying a Jew.

Oral history interview with Doba Smolanowicz

Oral History

Doba Smolanowicz, a Holocaust survivor, born in 1928, discusses family of origin dynamics; religious faith pre-war; hiding her Jewish identity; her marriages to non-Jews; her war experiences in the Lublin ghetto, in Majdanek, in hiding, in Bergen-Belsen, and in Norten-Hardenburg; living in Poland for ten years after the war; leaving for Israel and then America with her children; speaking publicly about non-Jews helping Jews during the war; and hiding her Jewish identity.

Oral history interview with anonymous interviewee

Oral History

A child of Holocaust survivors, born in 1948, discusses his childhood in Poland; learning that he was Jewish when he was twelve years old, and moving to Israel without his father; immigrating from Israel to the US; his dual Christian and Jewish identity; communication about the Holocaust; antisemitism in Poland; and his liberal politics.

Oral history interview with Zolman Sternberg

Oral History

Zolman Sternberg, a Holocaust survivor, born in 1930 in Bodrogkeresztúr, Hungary, discusses his war experiences in Auschwitz and Dachau; family losses; immigration to Canada; marriage and children; Zionism; Jewish identity and faith; his parents as role models; communication about the Holocaust.

Oral history interview with Jean Strauss

Oral History

Jean Strauss, a Holocaust survivor, born in 1918 in Alsheim, Germany, discusses her strict religious upbringing; leaving for the US right after Kristallnacht; rebuilding her life after the war; optimism and perseverance as coping mechanisms; her negative feelings toward Germans; faith in God; and Israel.

Oral history interview with anonymous interviewee

Oral History

The child of a Holocaust survivor, born in 1954, discusses family relationships; his parents’ war experiences; communication about the Holocaust; impacts of the Holocaust; marriage and children; his Jewish identity; his parents’ coping after the war.

Oral history interview with Solomon Sultanik

Oral History

Solomon Sultanik, a Holocaust survivor, born in 1922 in Września, Swietokrzyskie, Poland, discusses family relationships; pre-war life in Poland; belief in God; his war experiences in labor and concentration camps; immigration to the US; meeting his wife in Bergen-Belsen; communication about the Holocaust.

Oral history interview with Abraham Suskind

Oral History

Abraham Susskind, a Holocaust survivor, born in 1908 in Szczekociny, Poland, discusses his childhood as a Gerer Hasid; his war experiences in the ghetto, in hiding, Auschwitz, Gross-Rosen, Funfteichen (Laskowitz-Meleschwitz), Mauthausen; family deaths in the Holocaust; his belief in God.

Oral history interview with Betty Sved

Oral History

Betty Sved (née Ickovitz), a Holocaust survivor, born in 1928 in Hust, Czechoslovakia (Khust, Ukraine), discusses family relationships, pre-war experiences in Czechoslovakia; her Orthodox upbringing; her war experiences in the ghetto, Auschwtiz, Reichenbach (Langenbielau), and Salzwedel; her husband’s war experiences; her belief in God and instinct for survival; her marriage in Czechoslovakia after the war; immigration to Israel and the US.

Oral history interview with anonymous interviewee

Oral History

The child of a Holocaust survivor, born in 1962, discusses family relationships; his parents’ war experiences; marriage; Jewish identity; communication about the Holocaust; impacts of the Holocaust; and Zionism.

Oral history interview with anonymous interviewee

Oral History

The spouse of a child of Holocaust survivors, born in 1961, discusses family relationships; difficulties of marriage and parenting; her Jewish identity.

Oral history interview with anonymous interviewee

Oral History

The child of a Holocaust survivor, born in 1955, discusses Zionism; family relationships; his parents’ war experiences; marriage and children; Jewish identity; communication about the Holocaust; impacts of the Holocaust.

Oral history interview with anonymous interviewee

Oral History

A grandchild of Holocaust survivors born in 1984, discusses family; her dual Jewish and Christian upbringing; her grandparents’ war experiences; communication about the Holocaust; and impacts of the Holocaust on her grandparents and her mother.

Oral history interview with anonymous interviewee

Oral History

The spouse of a child of Holocaust survivors, born in 1944, discusses family relationships; marriage and child-rearing; communication about the Holocaust; impacts of the Holocaust; the importance of tolerance.

Oral history interview with anonymous interviewee

Oral History

The child of a Holocaust survivor, born in 1965, discusses family relationships; his family’s war experiences; impacts of the Holocaust; marriage; and Jewish identity.

Oral history interview with Ed Tabak

Oral History

Ed Tabak, the spouse of a Holocaust survivor, born in 1927, discusses family relationships; marriage and children; Jewish identity; and antisemitism.

Oral history interview with Frieda Tabak

Oral History

Frieda Tabak, a Holocaust survivor, born in 1931 in Czernowitz, Romania (now Chernivtsi, Ukraine), discusses family relationships; her war experiences in Romania and the ghetto; immigration to the US; marriage and children; Jewish identity; Zionism.

Oral history interview with Eva Maria Frank Tausig

Oral History

Eva Marie Frank Tausig, the spouse of a Holocaust survivor, born in 1934, discusses family; marriage and children; the value of storytelling; the importance of privacy; the impacts of the Holocaust; and Jewish identity.

Oral history interview with Hans Eric Tausig

Oral History

Hans Tausig, a Holocaust survivor, born in 1931 in Frankfurt am Main, Germany, discusses family; his father’s conversion to Christianity; pre-war experiences; the Kindertransport; survivor's guilt; being an immigrant in the US; marriage and children; Jewish identity; communication about the Holocaust; and impacts of the Holocaust.

Oral history interview with anonymous interviewee

Oral History

A child of Holocaust survivors, born in 1950, discusses family relationships; parents’ war experiences; his Jewish identity; his parents’ coping; communication about the Holocaust; and impacts of the Holocaust.

Oral history interview with anonymous interviewee

Oral History

The spouse of a child of Holocaust survivors, born in 1949, discusses family of origin dynamics; marriage and children; his wife’s early experiences in Hungary; communication about the Holocaust; impacts of the Holocaust; Jewish faith and identity.

Oral history interview with Max Wagner

Oral History

Max Wagner, a Holocaust survivor, born in 1915 in Berlin, Germany, discusses his Orthodox background and his belief in God; fleeing Germany for Czernowitz, Romania (now Chernivtsi, Ukraine); his experience in the Romanian Army and in a work camp; immigrating to the US; his marriage and children; communication about the Holocaust; impacts of the Holocaust; coping with music.

Oral history interview with anonymous interviewee

Oral History

A child of Holocaust survivors, born in 1948, discusses family of origin dynamics; Jewish identity and faith; luck as an explanation for her parents’ survival; coming to the US as a two-year-old and speaking fluent Yiddish; marriage and children; coping; communication about the Holocaust; impacts of the Holocaust.

Oral history interview with Charlotte Weiss

Oral History

Charlotte Weiss, a Holocaust survivor, born in 1924, discusses antisemitism in pre-war Czechoslovakia; war experiences with her family in several ghettos and in Auschwitz; moving to the US after the war; her reasons for getting married; her relationship with her children; and her belief in God.

Oral history interview with anonymous interviewee

Oral History

A child of Holocaust survivors, born in Germany in 1947, discusses his relationships with family; his parents’ difficult marriage; his father’s experience in the Russian Army and his involvement in Zionism; his mother’s survival; the impact of the Holocaust stories; his father’s desire to move to Israel and his mother’s desire to move to America after the war; communication with his parents about the Holocaust; choosing a spouse different than his mother; his wife’s non-Jewish background; his faith in God.

Oral history interview with anonymous interviewee

Oral History

The child of a Holocaust survivor, born in 1954, discusses his relationships with family; his parents’ work ethic and the value of education; his father’s experience in the Russian Army and his involvement with Zionism; his mother’s family’s war experiences; how his parents met; communication about the Holocaust; the impact of the Holocaust on himself and his parents; the importance of having children; his Jewish identity; his parents’ coping.

Oral history interview with anonymous interviewee

Oral History

The spouse of a child of Holocaust survivors, born in 1946, discusses her relationships with family; communication about the Holocaust; the impact of the Holocaust on her husband and daughter; her marriage; her conversion to Judaism from Christianity; and antisemitism.

Oral history interview with anonymous interviewee

Oral History

The spouse of a child of a Holocaust survivor, born in 1959, discusses her parents’ relationship to money; her husband’s relationship with his parents; her father-in-law’s dissatisfaction with working in a factory as opposed to working in politics; the impact of the Holocaust on her husband; her parents’ involvement in Reform Judaism; her work ethic.

Oral history interview with anonymous interviewee

Oral History

A child of Holocaust survivors, born in 1950, discusses his relationships with family; growing up in Kansas City, Missouri; financial struggles in his family of origin; his parents’ difficult marriage; his father’s experience in the Russian Army; his mother’s experience in the ghetto; his father’s desire to go to Israel; communication about the Holocaust; the impacts of the Holocaust; his relationship with his wife, her different background; his parenting; and his Jewish identity.

Oral history interview with anonymous interviewee

Oral History

A child of survivors, born in 1955, discusses family; antisemitism; communication about the Holocaust; religion; marriage and children; making aliyah; food issues; and Zionism.

Oral history interview with anonymous interviewee

Oral History

A Holocaust survivor, born in 1925 in Breslau, Germany (now Wroclaw, Poland), discusses family; pre-war life; war experiences in Auschwitz, Buchenwald, Dachau, Bergen-Belsen, and Theresienstadt; faith in God; liberation and immigration; marriage and children; impacts of the Holocaust.

Oral history interview with anonymous interviewee

Oral History

A Holocaust survivor, born in 1931 in Paris, France, discusses her family and her life during the war.

Oral history interview with anonymous interviewee

Oral History

A Holocaust survivor, born in September 1932, discusses being a child in Frankfurt, Germany; leaving on a Kindertransport with his siblings to Paris, France; serving in the army as a young man; marriage and children; communication about the Holocaust; growing up as an Orthodox Jew in Atlanta.

Oral history interview with anonymous interviewee

Oral History

A child of Holocaust survivors, born in 1950, discusses family relationships; her parents’ difficult marriage; her own marriage and children; parenting differently from her parents; her father’s being in hiding, her mother’s being in Auschwitz; communication about the Holocaust; impacts of the Holocaust; Jewish faith and identity; feeling like an outsider; and coping mechanisms.

Oral history interview with anonymous interviewee

Oral History

A Holocaust survivor, born in 1929 in Paris, France, discusses family relationships; her split Jewish and Christian identity; escaping to southern France during the war; marriage and children; communication about the Holocaust.

Oral history interview with anonymous interviewee

Oral History

A child of survivors, born in 1958, discusses family relationships; growing up in Brooklyn; his early schooling; marriage and children; his parents’ war experiences; his parents’ liberation and marriage in Cyprus; Jewish identity and faith; communication about the Holocaust; impacts of the Holocaust; his relationship to Israel and Zionism.

Oral history interview with anonymous interviewee

Oral History

A Holocaust survivor, born in 1922, discusses her pre-war childhood in Vienna, Austria; war experiences in the ghetto; immigration to the US; Jewish identity; communication about the Holocaust; impacts of the Holocaust.

Oral history interview with anonymous interviewee

Oral History

The spouse of a child of Holocaust survivors, born in 1960, discusses family relationships; her Orthodox upbringing; marriage and children; her in laws’ war experiences; belief in God; communication about the Holocaust; impacts of the Holocaust on her in laws and her husband; Zionism; the importance of tolerance; her husband’s health.

Oral history interview with anonymous interviewee

Oral History

A child of Holocaust survivors, born in 1952, discusses family relationships; family values of education and Jewish identity; his parents’ experiences in the Łódź ghetto; marriage and children; communication about the Holocaust; impacts of the Holocaust; coping through therapy; and politics.

Oral history interview with anonymous interviewee

Oral History

The child of a survivor, born in 1957, discusses his difficult adolescence; family relationships; his parents’ divorce; marriage and children; the importance of openness; lack of Jewish identity.

Oral history interview with anonymous interviewee

Oral History

A child of Holocaust survivors, born in 1945 in Kazakhstan, discusses dynamics of family of origin; her mother’s war experiences in work camps in Siberia; her parents’ marriage after the war; Zionism; her parents’ immigration to the US; her own marriage and children; Jewish identity and faith; communication about the Holocaust; and impacts of the Holocaust.

Oral history interview with anonymous interviewee

Oral History

A child of survivors, born in 1960, discusses family relationships; her first and second marriages; her mother’s protection under Wallenberg; communication about the Holocaust; Jewish identity and faith; and her relationship to Israel.

Oral history interview with anonymous interviewee

Oral History

A child of survivors, born in 1962 in Atlanta, GA, discusses her father’s pre-war life in Frankfurt; her father’s being sent to Paris along with his siblings; communication about the Holocaust; making aliyah with her husband; Jewish identity and faith; impacts of the Holocaust.

Oral history interview with anonymous interviewee

Oral History

The spouse of a child of Holocaust survivors, born in 1956, discusses family relationships; his parents’ financial struggles and his own relationship to money; marrying a child of survivors and their marriage dynamics; his Jewish identity; his worries about illness and finances; antisemitism.

Oral history interview with anonymous interviewee

Oral History

A Holocaust survivor, born in 1927 in Baja, Hungary, discusses pre-war life; war experiences in the ghetto and working for the Germans; going to medical school in Europe after the war; meeting his wife; communication about the Holocaust; his views on politics and race; Jewish identity and faith.

Oral history interview with anonymous interviewee

Oral History

A child of Holocaust survivors, born in 1962, discusses her difficult childhood; marriage and children; communication about the Holocaust; anxiety as an impact of the Holocaust; Jewish identity and faith.

Oral history interview with anonymous interviewee

Oral History

A child of survivors, born in 1958, discusses family relationships; marriage; her mother’s pre-war life in Czechoslovakia; the loss of her great-grandparents in Auschwitz; her mother’s protection under Wallenberg; communication about the Holocaust; the impact of the Holocaust on her Jewish identity; legacy of not being a bigot; talking as a coping mechanism.

Oral history interview with anonymous interviewee

Oral History

A grandchild of Holocaust survivors born in 1985, discusses family of origin dynamics; her pride in her grandfather for his surviving the war; the difficulty of communication about the Holocaust; an abundance of food as an impact of the Holocaust; and coping with her illness.

Oral history interview with anonymous interviewee

Oral History

A grandchild of Holocaust survivors born in 1981, discusses the closeness of his family; his grandfather’s communication about the Holocaust; over-protectiveness and an abundance of food as impacts of the Holocaust.

Oral history interview with anonymous interviewee

Oral History

The spouse of a Holocaust survivor, born in 1926, discusses the family of origin value of independence; explanations for her husband’s survival; marriage and children; communication about the Holocaust; impacts of the Holocaust; Jewish identity and faith.

Oral history interview with anonymous interviewee

Oral History

The child of a child Holocaust survivor, and a grandchild of Holocaust survivors, born in 1974, discusses being in law school; family of origin dynamics; his father’s and grandmother’s war experiences; communication about the Holocaust; Jewish identity and faith.