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Brown leather luggage tag used by a young German Jewish girl on the Kindertransport

Object | Accession Number: 2012.454.8

Leather luggage tag used by 6 year old Franziska (Ruth) Danzig when her parents, Gerda and Emanuel, sent her from Munich, Germany, to London, England, in June 1939, on the Kindertransport [Children’s Transport]. After Hitler was appointed Chancellor of Germany in 1933, the government actively persecuted the Jewish population. During Kristallnacht, on November 9-10, 1938, the family’s apartment was searched by the Gestapo. In spring 1939, Ruth’s cousin, Bianca, was sent on a Kindertransport to stay with a Jewish foster family in London. Ruth’s parent found a Jewish foster family, the Pasternacks, and Ruth was sent to stay with them. After Great Britain declared war on Germany that September, plans were made to evacuate people, especially children, from London due to the danger of aerial bombing. Ruth and Bianca were both sent to Windsor, where from fall 1939 until fall 1944, Ruth was boarded with several different host families. Ruth’s mother had a younger sister, Flora, in the United States and Ruth was sent to live with her in November 1944. Ruth's parents and her other family members were deported from Munich in 1942 to ghettos and concentration camps where they perished.

Date
use:  1939 June
Geography
received: Vienna (Austria)
Classification
Identifying Artifacts
Category
Labels
Object Type
Luggage tags (aat)
Credit Line
United States Holocaust Memorial Museum Collection, Gift of Steven Frank

About This Object

Physical Description
Rectangular, dark brown leather luggage tag with 3 stitched sides and an open, rounded top end with an incised design and a strap slot. There is a rectangular opening on the front with an incised border and a clear plastic insert. A rectangular piece of yellowed, light brown paper inscribed with the owner’s information is inserted and visible behind the plastic insert. The short strap has 4 holes on the tapered end and a silver-colored buckle and tang, with 2 leather loops on the other end. There are faint incised lines along the edges.
Dimensions
overall: Height: 2.000 inches (5.08 cm) | Width: 3.500 inches (8.89 cm) | Depth: 0.125 inches (0.318 cm)
Materials
overall : leather, plastic, metal, paper, colored pencil, thread
Inscription
front, center, cursive, underlined, red pencil : Ruth Danzig / Nr Y554
Contributor
Subject: Ruth Danzig Rauch
Biography
Franziska (Ruth) Danzig was born on July 12, 1932, in Munich, Germany, the only child of Emanuel and Gerda Winter Danzig. Emanuel was born on July 29, 1895, in Munich. He served in the German Army during World War I. Gerda was born on May 17, 1903, to Solomon and Hedwig Sichel Winter in Wittelshofen, where the family had lived for centuries. Solomon, a cattle dealer, was born on August 29, 1871, in Wittelshofen, and Hedwig was born on February 6, 1874, in Butthart. Ruth’s mother had two older sisters: Frieda (Flora), born December 29, 1912; and Marta, born August 1, 1900; who married Samuel Bravmann, and had two children: Siegbert, born September 19, 1922, and Bianca, born April 15, 1928. Gerda and Emmanuel married circa 1931. The family lived in an apartment building across the street from the synagogue where Emanuel worked as a shammash, who, like a sexton, assists in the running of the synagogue. Ruth enjoyed a close, loving family life centered on the activities and services at the synagogue.

After Hitler was appointed Chancellor of Germany in 1933, governmental persecution of the Jews steadily increased. In 1937, Ruth’s Aunt Flora moved to Munich. An American cousin, Herbert Winter, agreed to sponsor her immigration to the United States. She Flora left on the S.S. Britannic from Le Havre, France, arriving in April 1938 in New York City. She worked as a housemaid, and saved her money in order to help her family leave Germany. In 1938, Ruth’s and her parents, and her extended family, moved to Munich.
On November 9, 1938, the first night of the Kristallnacht pogrom, two Gestapo members ransacked their apartment and took their valuables. They ordered Ruth off the bed so they could flip the mattress and search for hidden items. They questioned Emanuel to make sure he had not kept any weapons from his military service. The following day, the Gestapo returned, took Emanuel away, and transported him to Dachau concentration camp. He was released on December 28, and returned home. He had been badly beaten and had sustained damage to his eyes.
In early 1939, Ruth’s 11 year old cousin, Bianca, was sent to Great Britain on the Kindertransport [Children’s Transport.] Her family had found a Jewish family in London, the Moskowitz’s, to accept her as a foster child. Gerda and Emanuel asked them to find a Jewish family to sponsor Ruth and they suggested their friends, the Pasternaks. On June 26, 1939, Ruth left on a train to the Netherlands, where she boarded a ship to England. The Pasternaks met Ruth at the train station in London, but she was scared and refused to speak or eat until she saw Bianca. They enrolled Ruth at a Jewish school.
On September 3, Great Britain declared war on Germany. Not long after this, Ruth, Bianca, and other London school children were evacuated to the countryside for safety. The students at Ruth’s school were sent to the town of Windsor, where their headmistress found them temporary homes with local families. Ruth was taken in by a wealthy, elderly widow named Mrs. Crisp. She was a spiritualist and medium and made Ruth participate in séances and use a spirit board every night. One day, Ruth upset her and Mrs. Crisp locked her in a bathroom. Bianca found out what had happened and reported Mrs. Crisp to the authorities. Ruth was moved to a second family, and then to a third family, which treated her very poorly. Ruth ran away from this family several times. In 1941, she got herself placed with a fourth family, the Hughes, who were very kind, always including her in family activities and making sure she had food, clothing, and time to study Hebrew. Ruth stayed with the Hughes family until November 1944, when her Aunt Flora, now married to Siegfried Frank, insisted that Ruth should live with her in the US. On November 8, Ruth boarded the SS Cavina in Liverpool and sailed to New York City via Halifax, Nova Scotia.
Ruth lived with Flora, her husband Siegfried, a Jewish refugee from Germany, and their young son Steven. After the war ended in May 1945, Ruth, Flora, and Bianca were the only surviving family members. Ruth enrolled in public school and graduated on time. In July 1953, Uncle Siegfried died. Ruth attended college and became a dental assistant. In the early 1960’s, Ruth married her second husband, Abraham Rauch. She petitioned the German government for restitution, and finally found out what happened to her family. By 1942, Ruth’s maternal grandparents, Solomon and Hedwig, her Aunt Marta, Uncle Samuel, and cousin Siegbert, were living with Ruth’s parents, Gerda and Emanuel, in one apartment in Munich. On April 3, 1942, Emanuel and Gerda were deported to Piaski ghetto in Poland where they perished. On July 3, 1942, Solomon and Hedwig were deported to Theresienstadt labor camp-ghetto. Solomon died there on October 1, 1943. Hedwig was deported to Auschwitz-Birkenau on May 18, 1944, and murdered. On July 11, 1942, Samuel, Marta, and Siegbert, Bianca’s family, were transported to an unknown destination and perished. Ruth’s husband died in August 1989. Ruth, age 78, died on March 29, 2011, in Bethesda, Maryland.

Keywords and Subjects

Administrative History

Legal Status
Permanent Collection
Provenance
The luggage tag was donated to the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum in 2012 by Steven Frank, the cousin of Ruth Danzig Rauch.
Funding Note
The cataloging of this artifact has been supported by a grant from the Conference on Jewish Material Claims Against Germany.

Rights and Restrictions

Conditions on Access
No restrictions on access
Conditions on Use
No restrictions on use

 
Record last modified: 2022-07-28 20:14:03
This page: https://collections.ushmm.org/search/catalog/irn72355

Also in Ruth Danzig Rauch collection

The collection consists of badges, luggage tags, purse, suitcase, storybook, prayer book, and documents relating to the experiences of Ruth Danzig before, during, and after the Holocaust as a Kindertransport refugee from Munich, Germany, to the United Kingdom, and her 1944 emigration to the United States.

Date: 1939 June-1951 June

Ruth Danzig Rauch papers

Ruth Danzig Rauch papers

Document

The Ruth Danzig Rauch papers primarily contain biographical materials, correspondence, and emigration and immigration materials related to Ruth Danzig’s escape from Munich, Germany to Great Britain on the Kindertransport in 1939, her immigration to the United States in 1944, and the Danzig and Frank family’s life in Munich from 1939-1942. The biographical materials include documents from the International Tracing Service about Emanuel and Gerda Danzig, archival research on the fates of members of the Bravmann, Winter, and Danzig families in Germany, and school records for Ruth Danzig Rauch. The correspondence is chiefly letters to Flora and Siegfried Frank from their families in Germany. The emigration and immigration papers include English identification papers, Ruth’s cabin landing card from the SS Cavina, and a copy of her naturalization certificate.

Small yellow suitcase used by a young German Jewish girl on the Kindertransport

Small yellow suitcase used by a young German Jewish girl on the Kindertransport

Object

Small yellow suitcase used by 6 year old Franziska (Ruth) Danzig when her parents, Gerda and Emanuel, sent her from Munich, Germany, to London, England, in June 1939, on the Kindertransport [Children’s Transport]. After Hitler was appointed Chancellor of Germany in 1933, the government actively persecuted the Jewish population. During Kristallnacht, on November 9-10, 1938, the family’s apartment was searched by the Gestapo. In spring 1939, Ruth’s cousin, Bianca, was sent on a Kindertransport to stay with a Jewish foster family in London. Ruth’s parent found a Jewish foster family, the Pasternacks, and Ruth was sent to stay with them. After Great Britain declared war on Germany that September, plans were made to evacuate people, especially children, from London due to the danger of aerial bombing. Ruth and Bianca were both sent to Windsor, where from fall 1939 until fall 1944, Ruth was boarded with several different host families. Ruth’s mother had a younger sister, Flora, in the United States and Ruth was sent to live with her in November 1944. Ruth's parents and her other family members were deported from Munich in 1942 to ghettos and concentration camps where they perished.

Red leather purse used by a young German Jewish girl on the Kindertransport

Object

Red leather shoulder bag given to 6 year old Franziska (Ruth) Danzig by her mother Gerda before she was sent from Munich, Germany, to London, England, in June 1939, on the Kindertransport [Children’s Transport]. After Hitler was appointed Chancellor of Germany in 1933, the government actively persecuted the Jewish population. During Kristallnacht, on November 9-10, 1938, the family’s apartment was searched by the Gestapo. In spring 1939, Ruth’s cousin, Bianca, was sent on a Kindertransport to stay with a Jewish foster family in London. Ruth’s parent found a Jewish foster family, the Pasternacks, and Ruth was sent to stay with them. After Great Britain declared war on Germany that September, plans were made to evacuate people, especially children, from London due to the danger of aerial bombing. Ruth and Bianca were both sent to Windsor, where from fall 1939 until fall 1944, Ruth was boarded with several different host families. Ruth’s mother had a younger sister, Flora, in the United States and Ruth was sent to live with her in November 1944. Ruth's parents and her other family members were deported from Munich in 1942 to ghettos and concentration camps where they perished.

Handmade storybook by a German Jewish girl rescued by the Kindertransport

Object

Illustrated story book "The Lost Ones," made by Franziska (Ruth) Danzig who, at age 6, was sent by her parents, Gerda and Emanuel, from Munich, Germany, to London, England, in June 1939, on the Kindertransport [Children’s Transport]. After Hitler was appointed Chancellor of Germany in 1933, the Jewish population was actively persecuted. During Kristallnacht, November 9-10, 1938, the family’s apartment was searched by the Gestapo. In spring 1939, Ruth’s cousin, Bianca, was sent on a Kindertransport to stay with a Jewish foster family in London. Ruth’s parents found a Jewish foster family, the Pasternacks, and Ruth was sent to stay with them. After Great Britain declared war on Germany that September, evacuation plans were made in case of aerial bombing by Germany. Ruth and Bianca were sent to Windsor, where from fall 1939 until fall 1944, Ruth was boarded with several different host families. Ruth’s mother had a younger sister, Flora, in the United States and, in November 1944, Ruth was sent to live with her. Ruth's parents and other family members were deported from Munich in 1942 to ghettos and concentration camps where they perished.

Girl Guide enrollment promise trefoil badge received by a young German Jewish girl rescued on the Kindertransport

Object

Girl Guide trefoil enrollment pin issued to Franziska (Ruth) Danzig when she was living in England as a Kindertransport refugee from June 1939-October 1944. When Ruth was 6, her parents, Gerda and Emanuel, sent her from Munich, Germany, to London, England, in June 1939, on the Kindertransport [Children’s Transport]. After Hitler was appointed Chancellor of Germany in 1933, the government actively persecuted the Jewish population. During Kristallnacht, on November 9-10, 1938, the family’s apartment was searched by the Gestapo. In spring 1939, Ruth’s cousin, Bianca, was sent on a Kindertransport to stay with a Jewish foster family in London. Ruth’s parent found a Jewish foster family, the Pasternacks, and Ruth was sent to stay with them. After Great Britain declared war on Germany that September, plans were made to evacuate people, especially children, from London due to the danger of aerial bombing. Ruth and Bianca were both sent to Windsor, where from fall 1939 until fall 1944, Ruth was boarded with several different host families. Ruth’s mother had a younger sister, Flora, in the United States and Ruth was sent to live with her in November 1944. Ruth's parents and her other family members were deported from Munich in 1942 to ghettos and concentration camps where they perished.

Public School Athletic League Winged Victory achievement badge received by a German Jewish teenage refugee

Object

Girl's Branch PSAL (Public School Athletic League) medal awarded to Franziska (Ruth) Danzig for physical accomplishments when she attended school in New York in the 1940s. When Ruth was 6, her parents, Gerda and Emanuel, sent her from Munich, Germany, to London, England, in June 1939, on the Kindertransport [Children’s Transport]. After Hitler was appointed Chancellor of Germany in 1933, the government actively persecuted the Jewish population. During Kristallnacht, on November 9-10, 1938, the family’s apartment was searched by the Gestapo. In spring 1939, Ruth’s cousin, Bianca, was sent on a Kindertransport to stay with a Jewish foster family in London. Ruth’s parent found a Jewish foster family, the Pasternacks, and Ruth was sent to stay with them. After Great Britain declared war on Germany that September, plans were made to evacuate people, especially children, from London due to the danger of aerial bombing. Ruth and Bianca were both sent to Windsor, where from fall 1939 until fall 1944, Ruth was boarded with several different host families. Ruth’s mother had a younger sister, Flora, in the United States and Ruth was sent to live with her in November 1944. Ruth's parents and her other family members were deported from Munich in 1942 to ghettos and concentration camps where they perished.

Brown leather luggage tag used by a young German Jewish girl on the Kindertransport

Object

Leather luggage tag used by 6 year old Franziska (Ruth) Danzig when her parents, Gerda and Emanuel, sent her from Munich, Germany, to London, England, in June 1939, on the Kindertransport [Children’s Transport]. After Hitler was appointed Chancellor of Germany in 1933, the government actively persecuted the Jewish population. During Kristallnacht, on November 9-10, 1938, the family’s apartment was searched by the Gestapo. In spring 1939, Ruth’s cousin, Bianca, was sent on a Kindertransport to stay with a Jewish foster family in London. Ruth’s parent found a Jewish foster family, the Pasternacks, and Ruth was sent to stay with them. After Great Britain declared war on Germany that September, plans were made to evacuate people, especially children, from London due to the danger of aerial bombing. Ruth and Bianca were both sent to Windsor, where from fall 1939 until fall 1944, Ruth was boarded with several different host families. Ruth’s mother had a younger sister, Flora, in the United States and Ruth was sent to live with her in November 1944. Ruth's parents and her other family members were deported from Munich in 1942 to ghettos and concentration camps where they perished.

Leather luggage tag used by a young German Jewish girl on the Kindertransport

Object

Leather luggage tag used by 6 year old Franziska (Ruth) Danzig when her parents, Gerda and Emanuel, sent her from Munich, Germany, to London, England, in June 1939, on the Kindertransport [Children’s Transport]. After Hitler was appointed Chancellor of Germany in 1933, the government actively persecuted the Jewish population. During Kristallnacht, on November 9-10, 1938, the family’s apartment was searched by the Gestapo. In spring 1939, Ruth’s cousin, Bianca, was sent on a Kindertransport to stay with a Jewish foster family in London. Ruth’s parent found a Jewish foster family, the Pasternacks, and Ruth was sent to stay with them. After Great Britain declared war on Germany that September, plans were made to evacuate people, especially children, from London due to the danger of aerial bombing. Ruth and Bianca were both sent to Windsor, where from fall 1939 until fall 1944, Ruth was boarded with several different host families. Ruth’s mother had a younger sister, Flora, in the United States and Ruth was sent to live with her in November 1944. Ruth's parents and her other family members were deported from Munich in 1942 to ghettos and concentration camps where they perished.

Book

Object

Religion, Natural and Revealed, a book given to 12 year old Ruth Danzig by her foster family in England upon her departure for the US in October 1944. There is a handwritten inscription on the inside cover. When Ruth was 6, her parents, Gerda and Emanuel, sent her from Munich, Germany, to London, England, in June 1939, on the Kindertransport [Children’s Transport]. After Hitler was appointed Chancellor of Germany in 1933, the government actively persecuted the Jewish population. During Kristallnacht, on November 9-10, 1938, the family’s apartment was searched by the Gestapo. In spring 1939, Ruth’s cousin, Bianca, was sent on a Kindertransport to stay with a Jewish foster family in London. Ruth’s parent found a Jewish foster family, the Pasternacks, and Ruth was sent to stay with them. After Great Britain declared war on Germany that September, plans were made to evacuate people, especially children, from London due to the danger of aerial bombing. Ruth and Bianca were both sent to Windsor, where from fall 1939 until fall 1944, Ruth was boarded with several different host families. Ruth’s mother had a younger sister, Flora, in the United States and Ruth was sent to live with her in November 1944. Ruth's parents and her other family members were deported from Munich in 1942 to ghettos and concentration camps where they perished.

View All 10 Items in the Collection