Marianne (Jannie) Drukker stands for a photograph, shortly before the start of the war.
Overview
- Caption
- Marianne (Jannie) Drukker stands for a photograph, shortly before the start of the war.
She was killed in Auschwitz in 1942. - Date
-
Circa 1939
- Locale
- Amsterdam, [North Holland] The Netherlands?
- Photo Credit
- United States Holocaust Memorial Museum, courtesy of Nannie E. Beekman-Braunstein
Rights & Restrictions
- Photo Source
-
United States Holocaust Memorial Museum
Copyright: United States Holocaust Memorial MuseumProvenance: Nannie E. Beekman-Braunstein
Keywords & Subjects
- Keyword
- EXTERIORS HATS JEWS (DUTCH) TABLES WOMEN
- Photo Designation
-
LIFE BEFORE THE HOLOCAUST -- Netherlands -- Family/Friends/Portraits
Administrative Notes
- Biography
- Flora Drukker was born on June 29, 1915 in Rotterdam, The Netherlands, to parents Eleazar Drukker (1886-1942) and Betje (nee Schouten) Drukker (1884-1942). Eleazar was an administrator in a factory, and Betje was a homemaker. Flora had seven siblings, all born in Rotterdam: Elizabeth (b. 11/7/1908), Jacob (b. 6/3/1910), Jozef (b. 3/12/1912), Hartog (b. 7/1917), Marianne (b. 11/17/1919), Mozes (b. 2/4/1923), and David (b. 7/17/1927).
Around 1937, Flora met her future husband, Emanuel Beekman at a Jewish organization function in Rotterdam. Emanuel was the son of Jacob Beekman (1882-1942) and Naatje (nee Meijer) Beekman (1881-1942). Jacob was a diamond cutter, and was active in the socialist worker’s movement. Emanuel had one brother, who died before the war. Flora and Emanuel became engaged in 1939.
On May 10, 1940 German forces invaded The Netherlands, and on May 15, Dutch forces surrendered. By January 1941 restrictions were placed on the Jewish population. Jews had to register with the municipality, and in May 1941 Flora and her siblings were issued ID cards which were stamped with a "J." A year later, they were required to wear a yellow star on their clothing. Although the older siblings had been attending public school, they were not allowed to continue there. David, the youngest, attended a Jewish school.
On July 30, 1942, the Drukker siblings received an order stating that all Jews between the ages of sixteen and forty were to report to the assembly point Loods 24, purportedly to be sent to the east for forced labor. Eleazer, Betje, and David fell outside of the age limits, so they were not required to go initially. Emanuel tried to convince the Drukker family to go into hiding, but they believed that if they were caught they would be sent to a certain death in Mauthausen. With the exception of Flora, the Drukker siblings reported to the assembly point, and were sent to Westerbork. When the parents learned where their children had been sent, they decided to join them there, and on August 12 they arrived at Westerbork. Some of the siblings had already been sent to Auschwitz on August 3, and the rest of the family was deported on August 14. All were killed on September 30, with the exception of Betje, who is thought to have died on August 16 during the train trip.
On August 27, 1942 Emanuel’s father, Jacob, was sent to the Bruine Enk work camp in Nunspeet. He was transported to Westerbork on September 10, where his wife Naatje joined him. They were deported together to Auschwitz on September 11, and were killed on September 14.
Only Flora and Emanuel managed to avoid deportation. Flora had acquired a false identity card in the name of Johann Maria van Waveren, and for a time she and Emanuel were able to live with the proprietors of a Jewish firm where Emanuel had been working. After a short time, though, they had to separate. Emanuel found a hiding place with a Calvinist family in Amerongen, where he lived in a cellar until the end of the war, nearly three years later. Flora stayed with a Calvinist family with three children in Voorburg for two years. In the fall of 1944 she had to move, and went into hiding with a family in Warmond. The father had been in the resistance and he had been imprisoned in the Vught concentration camp, but he was released. Flora remained with the family until May 1945.
After the war, Flora and Emanuel were reunited. They married in Rotterdam on October 3, 1945, and moved into an apartment that had belonged to collaborators who had fled.
- Record last modified:
- 2020-03-25 00:00:00
- This page:
- https://collections.ushmm.org/search/catalog/pa1184855
