G. Boulitte brand manual aneroid sphygmomanometer and case
- Date
-
use:
approximately 1900-approximately 1945
- Geography
-
use:
Poland.
manufacture: Paris (France)
manufacture: Germany.
- Classification
-
Tools and Equipment
- Category
-
Medical equipment
- Object Type
-
Sphygmomanometers (lcsh)
- Genre/Form
-
Medical equipment & supplies.
- Credit Line
- United States Holocaust Memorial Museum Collection
G. Boulitte brand sphygmomanometer, or blood pressure monitor, and leather case of the type used in the Łódź Ghetto in German-occupied Poland from May 1940 to August 1944. Łódź was occupied by Germany a week after the September 1, 1939, invasion of Poland. The city was renamed Litzmannstadt, and in February 1940, approximately 160,000 people from the Jewish population were confined to a small, closed ghetto. All residents had to work, and many became forced laborers in ghetto factories. Eventually, nearly 100 factories were in operation. The major ones produced textiles, including uniforms for the Germany Army. Due to the severe overcrowding and scarce food, disease and starvation were common. Originally, the ghetto had seven hospitals, seven pharmacies, four clinics, and two emergency rooms where Jewish doctors and nurses attempted to help other residents with the limited resources available to them. The Judenrat (Jewish Council) were forced to administer the ghetto for the Germans. Judenrat chairman, Mordechai Rumkowski, thought hard work and high outputs would preserve the ghetto, but in January 1942, mass deportations to Chelmno killing center began. In September the entire hospital system was shut down, and all of the patients were deported. By the end of the year, half of the residents were murdered. In summer 1944, Łódź, the last ghetto in Poland, was destroyed, and the remaining Jews were sent to Chelmno and Auschwitz-Birkenau killing centers.
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Record last modified: 2022-07-28 18:21:32
This page: https://collections.ushmm.org/search/catalog/irn4108
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