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Pair of blue and silver collar tabs for a Luftwaffe Hauptmann [Captain] acquired by a US soldier

Object | Accession Number: 2011.75.5 a- b

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    Pair of blue and silver collar tabs for a Luftwaffe Hauptmann [Captain] acquired by a US soldier
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    Overview

    Brief Narrative
    Two collar badges with birds and oak leaves from a Luftwaffe Hauptmann's uniform acquired by 19 year old David C. Porter during his service as a soldier in the US Army in Germany from February 1945 to July 1946. The tabs would have been worn in pairs on the collar points of a uniform shirt or jacket to distinguish military branch and rank. David deployed in February 1945 to join the 102nd Infantry Division in combat in Germany. By the end of the war in May, he was a mortar crew chief for Company A, 26th Infantry Regiment. David and others of the 102nd were selected to serve as guards for the International Military Tribunal at Nuremberg. David was assigned to guard prisoners during the Trial of Major German War Criminals. He guarded defendants in their cells and then was assigned to stand guard in the courtroom during the proceedings. David returned to the US and was honorably discharged in July 1946. The trial lasted from November 1945 to August 1946. Verdicts were delivered on October 1, 1946: twelve defendants were sentenced to death; three to life imprisonment; four to prison terms ranging from 10-20 years; three were acquitted.
    Date
    received:  1945-1946
    Geography
    received: Germany
    Credit Line
    United States Holocaust Memorial Museum Collection, Gift of Ethel P. Kemmerer
    Contributor
    Subject: David C. Porter
    Issuer: Germany. Luftwaffe
    Biography
    David C. Porter (1926-2010) was born in Abington, Pennsylvania. He was the second of seven children born to Mary C. and William J. Porter. His parents were both born in Pennsylvania, and married in 1921. William worked as an iron clerk, and Mary was a secretary at a construction company.

    Soon after the December 7, 1941, attack on Pearl Harbor, the United States entered World War II. In spring 1944, David completed high school. On September 11, he enlisted in the US Army and was assigned to the 102nd Combat Infantry Division, nicknamed the Ozarks Division. He was deployed to Germany in February 1945 and advanced with his unit through central Europe to the Rhineland and then toward Berlin. David rose to the position of mortar crew chief for Company A, 26th Infantry Regiment. On April 15, the Division was placed on patrol along the Elbe River. On May 7, 1945, Germany surrendered. The 102nd was placed on occupational duty in Gotha, Germany.

    In August 1945, the United Nations War Crimes Commission authorized a military tribunal to be convened by eighteen Allied Nations, and conducted by the four major powers, the United States, Great Britain, France, and the Soviet Union in Nuremberg, Germany. The purpose of the International Military Tribunal was to seek justice for crimes against humanity, evidenced by the Holocaust, perpetrated by Nazi Germany. Twenty-four defendants were indicted in October 1945 for the first trial, the Major German War Criminals trial. There were four counts: crimes against peace, war crimes, crimes against humanity, and conspiracy to commit these crimes. The trial began on November 20, 1945. The verdicts were delivered on October 1, 1946: twelve defendants were sentenced to death; three to life imprisonment; four to prison terms ranging from 10-20 years; three were acquitted.
    The 1st Infantry was assigned the task of guarding the defendants. There were three types of guards: Special, Regular and Prison. Initially, David was responsible for guarding defendants in their cells. Cell guards were equipped with white helmet liners and nightsticks. David received his promotion to Sergeant on September 5. In late December, David was promoted to Special escort and court guard and was assigned to stand guard behind the prisoners in the courtroom in the Palace of Justice. Other duties included escorting the defendants to and from their cells in the morning and evening, and transporting evidence. The guards supervised the lunches, where the defendants were separated into four groups of five, with Goring eating alone. In early July 1946, David returned to the US and was honorably discharged on July 29.

    David returned to Pennsylvania and worked as a comptroller at a manufacturing company. He married Violet Andrews and the couple had one child. David regularly presented lectures about his experiences as a guard during the Nuremberg War Crimes Trials.

    Physical Details

    Classification
    Military Insignia
    Category
    Badges
    Physical Description
    a. Angled rectangular blue cloth military gorget with insignia embroidered in silver metallic thread. The design consists of a column of 3 stylized open-winged birds in flight above stylized oak leaves. The border is trimmed with twisted silver metal thread. The patch is glued around stiff brown cloth backing. The diagonal ends are cut to fit on a uniform collar point. The badge is soiled and worn, with loose threads on the back.
    b. Angled rectangular blue cloth military gorget with insignia embroidered in silver metallic thread. The design consists of a column of 3 stylized open-winged birds in flight above stylized oak leaves. The border is trimmed with twisted silver metal thread. The patch is glued around stiff brown cloth backing. The diagonal ends are cut to fit on a uniform collar point. The front is worn and lightly stained, the back is soiled.
    Dimensions
    a: Height: 2.625 inches (6.668 cm) | Width: 1.625 inches (4.128 cm)
    b: Height: 2.625 inches (6.668 cm) | Width: 1.625 inches (4.128 cm)
    Materials
    a : cloth, metal thread, adhesive
    b : cloth, metal thread, adhesive

    Rights & Restrictions

    Conditions on Access
    No restrictions on access
    Conditions on Use
    No restrictions on use

    Keywords & Subjects

    Administrative Notes

    Provenance
    The collar tabs were donated to the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum in 2011 by Ethel P. Kemmerer, the sister of David C. Porter and executor of his Estate.
    Funding Note
    The cataloging of this artifact has been supported by a grant from the Conference on Jewish Material Claims Against Germany.
    Record last modified:
    2023-08-25 17:04:27
    This page:
    https:​/​/collections.ushmm.org​/search​/catalog​/irn43398

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