Overview
- Interview Summary
- Piotr Ovcear, born in 1924 in Gherşunovca, Ukraine (present day Moldova), describes transporting local Jews to Colbasna, Moldova, including an elderly couple who had attempted to commit suicide; the mass shooting of the Jewish population by Romanian soldiers; the mass grave of Jewish victims; giving food to two Jewish girls who survived the shooting; and local townspeople who hid a Jewish teacher for the duration of the war.
- Interviewee
- Piotr Ovcear
- Date
-
interview:
2008 July 18
- Credit Line
- United States Holocaust Memorial Museum Collection, courtesy of the Jeff and Toby Herr Foundation
Physical Details
- Language
- Ukrainian
- Extent
-
1 videocassette (DVCAM) : sound, color ; 1/4 in..
Rights & Restrictions
- Conditions on Access
- There are no known restrictions on access to this material.
- Conditions on Use
- No restrictions on use
Keywords & Subjects
- Topical Term
- World War, 1939-1945--Personal narratives, Moldovan. Altruism--Moldova. Hiding places--Moldova. Holocaust survivors--Moldova. Holocaust, Jewish (1939-1945)--Moldova. Jews--Persecutions--Moldova. Mass burials--Moldova. Mass murder--Moldova. Shooting (Execution)--Moldova. World War, 1939-1945--Atrocities--Moldova. Men--Personal narratives.
- Geographic Name
- Cobasna (Moldova) Gherşunovca (Moldova) Moldova--History--20th century. Moldova. Romania--Armed Forces. Transnistria (Ukraine : Territory under German and Romanian occupation, 1941-1944) Ukraine--History--German occupation, 1941-1944.
- Personal Name
- Ovcear, Piotr.
Administrative Notes
- Holder of Originals
-
United States Holocaust Memorial Museum
- Legal Status
- Permanent Collection
- Provenance
- This is a witness interview of the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum's Perpetrators, Collaborators, and Witnesses: The Jeff and Toby Herr Testimony Initiative, a multi-year project to record the testimonies of non-Jewish witnesses to the Holocaust. The interview was directed and supervised by Nathan Beyrak.
- Funding Note
- The production of this interview was made possible by Jeff and Toby Herr.
The cataloging of this oral history interview has been supported by a grant from the Conference on Jewish Material Claims Against Germany. - Special Collection
-
The Jeff and Toby Herr Oral History Archive
- Record last modified:
- 2023-11-16 09:00:06
- This page:
- https://collections.ushmm.org/search/catalog/irn45558
Additional Resources
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Oral History
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Oral History
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Oral History
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Oral History
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Oral History
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Oral history interview with Efimia Boghean
Oral History
Efimia Boghean, born in 1918 in Doibani village, Ukraine (present day commune in Dubăsari, Moldova), describes the prewar Jewish community of Doibani village; the arrival of Romanian forces; the mass shooting of local Jews by Romanian soldiers; the departure of Romanian soldiers after the shooting; the arrival of German forces and murder of villagers who had held administrative positions during the Soviet occupation; and the reburial of the non-Jewish victims after the arrival of the Soviet Army.
Oral history interview with Vladimir Grigorievich Dicusar
Oral History
Vladimir Grigorievich Dicusar, born in 1926 in Doibani, Moldova (a commune in Dubăsari, Moldova), describes the prewar Jewish community of Doibani; the invasion of Romanian forces; the mass shooting of Jews in 1941 by German soldiers; pro-German propaganda; the shooting of resistance fighters and activists by German soldiers; the arrival of Soviet forces in 1944; and the reburial of the shooting victims in 1944.
Oral history interview with Leonid Onufrievich Dabija
Oral History
Leonid Onufrievich Dabija, born in 1936 in Odai village, Ukraine (present day Moldova), describes moving to Dubasari; a roundup and mass shooting of Jews by Romanian and German soldiers; the arrest of local communists; and the reburial of the bodies of the Jewish victims after the war.
Oral history interview with Lidia Grigorievna Solovieva
Oral History
Lidia Grigorievna Solovieva, born in 1930 in Dubăsari, Ukraine (present day Moldova), describes the persecution of the town's Jews by Nazis; the imprisonment of citizens in the basement of a local hospital; the burning of the hospital by German soldiers; and details of a mass shooting of Jews.
Oral history interview with Elena Pavlovna Ilinitskaya
Oral History
Elena Pavlovna Ilinitskaya, born in 1930 in Erjova village, Ukraine (present day Moldova), describes the prewar Jewish community of Erjova; the deportation of her family to Ochakovo, Russia in 1942, and their return to Erjova in 1943; the imprisonment of Jews in a basement in the local collective farm, guarded by Romanian soldiers; bringing food to the prisoners; the deportation of the Jews in wagons; two Jewish fugitives; local collaborators; and the murder of two teenagers because of their open support of the Soviet Union.
Oral history interview with Vera Timofeevna Sokolova
Oral History
Vera Timofeevna Sokolova, born in Rybnitsa, Ukraine (present day Ribnița, Moldova), describes the prewar Jewish community of Rybnitsa; life in Rybnitsa under German and Romanian occupation; the conscription of her husband; the warehouse in which local Jews were imprisoned; the establishment of ghettos; the formation of a concentration camp for prisoners from Romania and Bessarabia; the cruel treatment of the prisoners by Romanian guards; bringing food to the prisoners; the shooting of the Jewish community; the looting of Jewish owned belongings; the treatment of Soviet prisoners; and Jewish survivors of the Holocaust.
Oral history interview with Iulia Emelianovna Slavinskaya
Oral History
Iulia Emelianovna Slavinskaya, born in 1925 in Rashkov, Ukraine (present day Raşcov, Moldova), describes the prewar Jewish community of Rashkov; searches for Jews conducted by Romanian soldiers; witnessing shootings and drownings of Jews by Romanian soldiers; hiding a Jewish woman and her family for the duration of the war; the looting of Jewish owned belongings by local townspeople; and the return of some Jewish families after the war.
Oral history interview with Akilina Alexeevna Mosendz
Oral History
Akilina Alexeevna Mosendz, born in 1929 in Rashkov, Ukraine (present day Raşcov, Moldova), describes her family and the drafting of her father into the military; the prewar Jewish community of Rashkov; the bombing of Rashkov; the arrival of German and Romanian forces; the arrival of Jews from Bessarabia; mass shootings of Jews and communists; the search for communists and Jews in the homes of local townspeople; local townspeople hiding Jews for the duration of the war; the looting of Jewish owned property; and the Jews who returned to Rashkov after the war.
Oral history interview with Mihail Vozfdomeevice Shtirba
Oral History
Mihail Vozfdomeevice Shtirba, born in 1924 in Kamenka, Ukraine (present day Camenca, Moldova), describes the prewar Jewish community of Kamenka; the beginning of the war and life under occupation by German and Romanian forces; a roundup of Jews and their imprisonment; a mass shooting of Jews; a mass drowning of Jews by Romanian soldiers; local townspeople hiding Jews during the war; and an incident in which German soldiers shot a Romani man in a bar in 1942.
Oral history interview with Pavel Gavrilovich Samonii
Oral History
Pavel Gavrilovich Samonii, born in Kamenka, Ukraine (present day Camenca, Moldova), describes the prewar Jewish community of Kamenka; the collective farm in Kamenka; restrictions placed upon local townspeople during occupation; the imprisonment of Jews in the local school; gendarmes' attempt to humiliate Jews by forcing them to dance around a campfire; the mass drownings of Jews by Nazis and Romanian soldiers; and Romanian soldiers searching the homes of local townspeople for Jews.
Oral history interview with Nadejda Ivanovna Savitskaya
Oral History
Nadejda Ivanovna Savitskaya, born in Rashkov, Ukraine (present day Raşcov, Moldova), describes the prewar Jewish community of Rashkov; the invasion of German forces in 1941; her father aiding in the evacuation of her town, particularly the Jewish community; life in Rashkov under Romanian occupation, including her forced labor; roundups of Jews to the local stadium; attempting to aid the prisoners; hiding a Jewish woman for the duration of the war; the treatment of local townspeople by Romanian gendarmes, which included frequent sexual assaults; shootings of Jews; and partisan forces taking her village from German and Romanian forces.
Oral history interview with Gheorghe Popa
Oral History
Gheorghe Popa, born in 1929 in Starye Tatarovka, Romania (present day Moldova), describes the sight of columns of Jews being escorted by Romanian soldiers; Romanian soldiers murdering a Jewish baby in Badiceni village; and the burning of the center of Zgurita in 1941.
Oral history interview with Olena Cucereava
Oral History
Olena Cucereava, born in 1915 in Zguriţa, Romania (present day Moldova), describes German soldiers removing Jews from their homes and burning their houses; the looting of Jewish owned homes by local townspeople; the imprisonment of Jews on a nearby hill; the deportation of the Jewish community; Romanian soldiers searching the homes of local townspeople for hidden Jews; and the return of one local Jewish man after the war.
Oral history interview with Agafia Guțu
Oral History
Agafia Guțu, born in 1926 in Zguriţa, Romania (present day Moldova), describes the prewar Jewish community of Zguriţa; the burning of Jewish owned homes; the mass murder of Jews by German soldiers; Jews hiding in a nearby forest; the treatment of the Jews in hiding by local townspeople; and hiding in 1944 to avoid being raped by soldiers.
Oral history interview with Mihail Cărăus
Oral History
Mihail Cărăus, born in 1928 in Scăieni village, Romania (present day Scăieni, Donduşeni, Moldova), describes witnessing a shooting of a group of Jews by Romanian soldiers in 1941; the sight of columns of Jews being marched by Romanian soldiers through his town; a shooting of Jews by local townspeople; local townspeople looting Jewish owned belongings; and the hanging of a local collaborator in 1944.
Oral history interview with Grigore Burbulea
Oral History
Grigore Burbulea, born in 1928 in Scăieni village, Romania (present day Moldova), describes the shooting of a group of Jews by Romanian soldiers in 1941 and the sight of columns of deported Jews passing through his village.
Oral history interview with Fiodor Rotari
Oral History
Fiodor Rotari, born in 1930 in Scăieni village, Romania (present day Moldova), describes the sight of a column of Jews passing his hometown; the treatment of the Jews in the column by the Romanian guards; the shooting of the Jews who could no longer march; the looting of Jewish owned belongings by Romanian soldiers and local townspeople; and the hanging of a local collaborator in 1944.
Oral history interview with Vasile Bordeianu
Oral History
Vasile Bordeianu, born in 1929 in Scăieni village, Romania (present day Moldova), describes the shooting of a group of Jews by Romanian soldiers in 1941; the sight of columns of Jews passing through his hometown; and the shooting of Jews from the column by local townspeople who then looted their belongings.
Oral history interview with Tudor Bucătaru
Oral History
Tudor Bucătaru, born in 1927 in Frasin village, Romania (present day Moldova), describes the prewar Jewish community of Frasin; the sight of a column of Jews being escorted by Romanian soldiers who stopped outside of his village for a night; a mass shooting of Jews by local townspeople who looted their belongings; and the imprisonment of a local collaborator in 1944 by Soviet forces.
Oral history interview with Sofia Bantus
Oral History
Sofia Bantus, born in 1932 in Frasin village, Romania (present day Moldova), describes columns of Jews passing through her village in 1941; shootings of groups of Jews from the column by German soldiers; the looting of the victims' belongings; and an incident in which a pregnant Jewish woman escaped from the column, hid in a nearby house to give birth, and was then captured and killed.
Oral history interview with Ivan Krijanovschi
Oral History
Ivan Krijanovschi, born in 1922 in Rotunda, Romania (present day Moldova), describes the prewar Jewish community of Rotunda; the killing of local townspeople by Romanian soldiers; roundups of Jews by Romanian soldiers; the looting of Jewish owned homes by local townspeople; the creation of a concentration camp in 1942 for the imprisonment of Jews; the sight of a column of Jews escorted by Romanian soldiers; local collaborators who assisted in the mass murder of Jews; witnessing the forced labor of a group of Jews in 1942; and the imprisonment of local collaborators after the war.
Oral history interview with Evghenii Televca
Oral History
Evghenii Televca, born in 1919 in Cepeleuţi, Romania (present day Moldova), describes the prewar Jewish community of Cepeleuţi; the beginning of the war; the mass shooting of the Jewish population by Romanian soldiers and local townspeople; and the looting of Jewish owned belongings by local townspeople.
Oral history interview with Vera Cebotari
Oral History
Vera Cebotari, born in 1932 in Cepeleuţi, Romania (present day Moldova), describes the prewar Jewish community of Cepeleuţi and the mass murder of local Jews in 1941 by Romanian soldiers.
Oral history interview with Filip Cebotari
Oral History
Filip Cebotari, born in 1930 in Cepeleuţi, Romania (present day Moldova), describes the prewar Jewish community of Cepeleuţi; the mass murder of local Jews by Romanian soldiers; a column of Jews convoyed by Romanian soldiers through his town; rumors of the mass drowning of Jews in the Nistru river; and the looting of Jewish owned property by local townspeople.
Oral history interview with Vasile Morei
Oral History
Vasile Morei, born in 1920 in Cepeleuţi, Romania (present day Moldova), describes the prewar Jewish community of Cepeleuţi; the roundup and mass murder of Jews by Romanian soldiers and local townspeople; his father forbidding him to loot Jewish owned property; visiting the mass grave of Jewish victims; the Edineţi concentration camp, including his role in transporting Jewish prisoners there; local townspeople robbing Jewish prisoners; and an order that stolen Jewish valuables must be brought to the authorities.
Oral history interview with Nicolae Bersan
Oral History
Nicholae Bersan, born in 1927 in Lencăuţi, Romania (present day Moldova), describes the beginning of the war; the murder of a Jewish boy by Romanian soldiers; a column of Jews escorted by Romanian soldiers passing through his hometown; a local townswoman who murdered a Jewish woman; hearing about a mass drowning of Jews; and his forced labor.
Oral history interview with Maria Bularga
Oral History
Maria Bularga, born in 1924 in Mereşeuca, Romania (present day Moldova), describes the Jewish ghetto of Moghilev Podolsk; selling food to the Jews in the ghetto; the sight of a column of Jews driven through Serebria; local townspeople giving food to the deported Jews; the mass shootings of Jews into the Nistru River; and the sight of corpses in the river.
Oral history interview with Gavril Tirnovschi
Oral History
Gavril Tirnovschi, born in 1927 in Vălcineţ, Romania (present day Moldova), describes the relationship of his family with his Jewish neighbors; the prewar Jewish community of Vălcineţ; the sight of German soldiers driving columns of Jews toward the Nistru River; and details of the mass shootings of the Jewish population.
Oral history interview with Liuba Filipciuc
Oral History
Liuba Filipciuc, born in 1930 in Vălcineţ, Romania (present day Moldova), describes the prewar Jewish community of Vălcineţ; the sight of Romanian soldiers guarding columns of Jews; throwing food to the Jews; watching a Jewish woman drown her two children and herself in the Nistru River; the sight of Romanian soldiers driving Soviet prisoners along the road; traveling to the train station to watch the deportation and treatment of Jews; the robbing of Jewish prisoners by local townspeople; and the fates of local perpetrators after the war.
Oral history interview with Dumitru Burcovschi
Oral History
Dumitru Burcovschi, born in 1912 in Sauca, Romania (present day Moldova), describes the prewar Jewish community of Sauca; the mass murder of local Jews by German soldiers; a local townsman burying the victims and looting their clothing; the treatment of the imprisoned Jews by German soldiers; finding the body of a Jewish woman who had been tortured; and learning of the the mass shooting of Jews in Bender, Moldova from a survivor of the killings.
Oral history interview with Olga Breba
Oral History
Olga Breba, born in 1924 in Sauca, Romania (present day Moldova), describes the passing of a column of Jews guarded by Romanian and German soldiers; the treatment of the Jews in the column; her interactions with a Jewish classmate in the column; her mother's attempt to help the Jewish classmate, but being refused by a soldier; and the murder of her Jewish neighbors.
Oral history interview with Petr Filipciuc
Oral History
Petr Filipciuc, born in 1921 in Vălcineţ, Romania (present day Moldova), describes the prewar Jewish community of Vălcineţ; columns of Jews passing through his village; serving in the premilitary; being called, as premilitary, to help guard a column of Jews for the night; the mass drowning of Jews; assisting a Jewish man who escaped the drowning; working on the reconstruction of a bridge in 1942 alongside Jews from the Moghilev Podolsk ghetto; the drowning of some Jews in the Dniester River; the Moghilev Podolsk ghetto; the sight of Jews being transported in cattle cars; and local townspeople going to the train station with the hope of taking Jewish belongings.
Oral history interview with Liubovi Prudeus
Oral History
Liubovi Prudeus, born in 1932 in Ivanovca, Ukraine (Ivanovca, Ribnița district, Moldova), describes the prewar Jewish community of the area surrounding her hometown; the Jewish acquaintances of her mother; the sight of a convoy of Jews from Kodyma, Ukraine guarded by Romanian soldiers; the shooting of an elderly man who could no longer walk; her neighbors burying the victim; hiding a Jewish woman and her grandchild; the treatment of local townspeople by Romanian soldiers; and antisemitic rumors spread by Romanian soldiers.
Oral history interview with Eudochia Cucea
Oral History
Eudochia Cucea, born in 1931 Broşteni, Ukraine (present day Moldova), describes the prewar Jewish community of Broşteni; Soviet soldiers committing arson; the arrest and disappearance of the parents of one Jewish family; actions taken by the village to protect the children of that family, including different townspeople hiding the children and the assistance of a local policeman; an order by Romanian soldiers for local villagers to search for hidden Jews; and hearing about two convoys of Jews driven by Romanian soldiers in 1941.
Oral history interview with Vasile Raiskii
Oral History
Vasile Raiskii, born in 1923 in Broşteni, Ukraine (present day Moldova), describes the Jewish families in prewar Broşteni; the arrival of German and Romanian soldiers; the site where a Jewish family was killed by Romanian soldiers; transporting Jews to the train station of Slobidka, Ukraine; convoys of Jews being transported toward Slobozia; their treatment by Romanian soldiers; the Rîbnița ghetto; Romanian guards in the ghetto; forced labor of the imprisoned Jews; the murder of two communists by Romanian soldiers; and the exhumation and reburial of the murdered communists in 1947.
Oral history interview with Maria Semenovna Kovaliciuk
Oral History
Maria Semenovna Kovaliciuk, born 1927 in Ghidirim, Ukraine (present day Moldova), describes a convoy of Jews led by Romanian soldiers; a mass shooting of Jews in the Dniester River by Romanian soldiers; a Jewish boy who survived the shooting and the war with the assistance of local townspeople; and the treatment of local townspeople by Romanian soldiers.
Oral history interview with Tihon Stucnean
Oral History
Tihon Stucnean, born in 1929 in Ghidirim, Ukraine (present day Moldova), describes the Jewish families in prewar Ghidirim; Jewish families evacuating to Chisinau before the arrival of German and Romanian forces; the sight of a column of Jewish prisoners guarded by Romanian soldiers; a mass shooting of Jews in the Dniester River; and the sight of corpses floating in the river.
Oral history interview with Maria Curdi
Oral History
Maria Curdi, born in 1927 in Ghidirim, Ukraine (present day Moldova), describes the Jewish families living in prewar Ghidirim; local townspeople hiding the Jewish families for the duration of the war, enabling their survival; the arrest of communist villagers; the sight of a convoy of Jews guarded by Romanian soldiers; their disappearance several days later; local townspeople trading food to Romanian soldiers for Jewish belongings; and the sight of corpses in the Dniester River.
Oral history interview with Andrei Ovcear
Oral History
Andrei Ovcear, born in 1924 in Gherşunovca, Ukraine (present day Moldova), describes the prewar Jewish community of Gherşunovca; the roundup of local Jews by Romanian soldiers and their imprisonment in the Colbasna barracks; witnessing Romanian soldiers driving a group of Jews toward a town; the mass murder of the Jewish population; the sight of a mass grave; the arrest of local communists; and local townspeople from the surrounding areas purchasing formerly Jewish owned homes after the war.
Oral history interview with Vasile Levinski
Oral History
Vasile Levinski, born in 1923 in Țibulevca, Ukraine (present day Țîbuleuca, Moldova), describes the prewar Jewish community of Țibulevca; local Jewish families evacuating alongside retreating Soviet forces; the arrival of Romanian forces; the shooting of the remaining Jews and communists in Ţibulevca; the poor treatment of local townspeople by Romanian soldiers; and the sight of corpses in the Dniester River.
Oral history interview with Fedot Petrenco
Oral History
Fedot Petrenco, born in 1925 in Butuceni, Ukraine (present day Butuceni, Rîbniţa, Moldova), describes the prewar Jewish community of Jura village; the arrival of Romanian forces; the torture of a Jewish man by Romanian soldiers in the Dniester River; a roundup of local Jews by Romanian soldiers; hearing discussions regarding the mass shooting of the Jewish community; the sight of corpses floating in the Dniester River in 1941 or 1942; and the rape of a local woman by Romanian soldiers.
Oral history interview with Ilia Nogacevski
Oral History
Ilia Nogacevski, born in 1925 in Butuceni, Ukraine (present day Moldova), describes the prewar Jewish community of Butuceni; the decision of the Jewish families in Butuceni not to evacuate to the Ukraine; his family hiding a Jewish family; the arrest of his father and the raid on his house by Romanian soldiers; the relocation of the Jewish families to the Rîbnița ghetto; bringing food to the Jewish families in the ghetto; witnessing a mass shooting of Jews; the sight of corpses in the Dniester River; and the survival and return of the local Jewish families after the war.
Oral history interview with Pelagheia Bouregru
Oral History
Pelagheia Bouregru, born in 1928 in Ofatinti, Ukraine (present day Moldova), describes the sight of corpses in the Dniester River; the reactions of local townspeople to the murders; and being told by her father about Romanian soldiers pushing Jews into the river.
Oral history interview with Alexandra Beleca
Oral History
Alexandra Beleca, born in 1922 in Ofatinti, Ukraine (present day Moldova), describes finding the corpse of a woman in a Jewish owned home; the sight of corpses floating on the Dniester River; and learning that the drowned victims were Jewish people who were killed by Romanian soldiers.
Oral history interview with Piotr Taran
Oral History
Piotr Taran, born in 1925 in Ofatinți, Ukraine (present day Moldova), describes the prewar Jewish community in Ofatinți; a local villager who hid Jews during the war; the mass shootings and drownings of Jews by German and Romanian soldiers, including details of the mass murders; the sight of corpses floating in the Dniester River; a roundup of Jews in Rîbnița by Romanian soldiers; being drafted into the Soviet Army in 1944; and the sight of a mass grave of Jewish victims.
Oral history interview with Nicolae Costov
Oral History
Nicolae Costov, born in 1926 in Săseni, Romania (present day Moldova), describes the prewar Jewish community of Săseni; the evacuation of some Jewish families with Soviet forces; the arrest of the remaining Jewish population by Romanian gendarmes; the imprisonment of Jews in the cellar of a house; hearing the prisoners ask for water; and details of a mass shooting of Jews by Romanian gendarmes in 1941.
Oral history interview with Vladimir Aga
Oral History
Vladimir Aga, born in 1930 in Săseni, Romania (present day Moldova), describes the prewar Jewish community of Săseni; the arrest of Jewish families by Romanian soldiers and their imprisonment in a cellar; the mass shooting of local Jews; and the sight of the mass grave.
Oral history interview with Pavel Nădrag
Oral History
Pavel Nadrag, born in 1933 in Săseni, Romania (present day Moldova), describes individual murders of Jews by Romanian soldiers and details of a mass shooting of a group of Jews who were escorted to the killing site by local collaborators.
Oral history interview with David Popa
Oral History
David Popa, born in 1927 in Bravicea, Romania (present day Moldova), describes the prewar Jewish community of Bravicea; the evacuation of some Jewish families with the retreating Soviet forces; the roundup and treatment of the remaining Jewish families; details of the mass shooting of the Jewish population by local collaborators; the looting of Jewish owned clothing; an incident in which he attempted to stop a Jewish family from entering the village because of the danger; and the escape of a local collaborator after the war.
Oral history interview with Evghenia Băt
Oral History
Evghenia Băt, born in 1925 in Bravicea, Romania (present day Moldova), describes the prewar Jewish community of Bravicea; the roundup of local Jews by German and Romanian soldiers and their imprisonment in a cellar; the mass shooting of local Jews; and the looting of Jewish owned property.
Oral history interview with Silvestru Băt
Oral History
Silvestru Băt, born in 1923 in Bravicea, Romania (present day Moldova), describes the prewar Jewish community of Bravicea; the evacuation of some Jewish families with retreating Soviet forces; the roundup and arrest of the remaining Jewish families following the arrival of German forces; details of their imprisonment; and the mass shooting of the Jewish population by local collaborators.
Oral history interview with Andrei Vulpe
Oral History
Andrei Vulpe, born in 1931 in Pepeni, Ukraine (present day Moldova), describes the prewar Jewish community of Pepeni; local teachers encouraging antisemitic acts committed by students; the gathering of Jews in Pepeni from the surrounding villages in 1941; the arrest of a prominent Jewish politician by a Romanian commander; the roundup of the Jewish community of Pepeni and their imprisonment in the village hall building; some Jewish families who fled Pepeni; bringing food to imprisoned Jews; the mass murder of the Jewish population by Romanian soldiers; local collaborators who assisted in the mass killing; the looting and auction of Jewish owned belongings; a local townswoman assisting a Soviet soldier; the return of the Jewish families who survived the war in 1944; and the postwar punishment of local collaborators.
Oral history interview with Semion Brega
Oral History
Semion Brega, born in 1930 in Pepeni, Ukraine (present day Moldova), describes the prewar Jewish community of Pepeni; the evacuation of some Jews and the arrest of the remaining Jewish population in the local town hall after the arrival of Romanian forces; his father's decision to relocate his family outside of the town the night of the mass murder of the Jewish community; the sight of corpses from the mass murder; local collaborators who assisted in the killing of Jews; and the looting of a Jewish owned home.
Oral history interview with Maria Terehovschi
Oral History
Maria Terehovschi, born in 1932 in Climăuți, Romania (present day Moldova), describes the prewar Jewish community of Climăuți; a local townsman who hid a Jewish family; seeing a column of Jews marching through her hometown; bringing water to a girl in the column and being given a cushion in return; hearing from her parents that the entire Jewish community was murdered; the sight of corpses on the side of the road; and the return of a local Jewish man after the war.
Oral history interview with Ecaterina Rusu
Oral History
Ecaterina Rusu, born in 1929 in Pîrliţa, Romania (present day Moldova), describes the prewar Jewish community of Pîrliţa; anti-Jewish rumors told by local townspeople; local townspeople looting Jewish owned homes; her participation in the looting of Jewish owned homes with other children; the sight of a dead Jewish woman in her home; the roundup of the local Jewish community by German soldiers; the mass shooting of the Jewish population by German soldiers at a ravine; and the return of some Jews to Pîrliţa after the war.
Oral history interview with Fedor Irimca
Oral History
Fedor Irimca, born in 1933 in Pîrlița, Romania (present day Moldova), describes the sight of a German soldier digging a grave and learning about how German and Romanian soldiers murdered the local Jewish community in 1941.
Oral history interview with Elena Bufteac
Oral History
Elena Buftea, born in 1930 in Bravicea, Romania (present day Moldova), describes the prewar Jewish community of Bravicea; the evacuation of some Jewish families; the mass shooting of the remaining Jewish community by local townsmen in 1941; and the looting of Jewish owned property by local townspeople.
Oral history interview with Ion Varzari
Oral History
Ion Varzari, born in 1931 in Bravicea, Romania (present day Moldova), describes the imprisonment of the Jewish community of Bravicea in the cellars of two buildings; the mass shooting of the Jewish community by local townsmen; and the burying of the victims by local townspeople.
Oral history interview with Maria Munteanu
Oral History
Maria Munteanu, born in 1929 in Bravicea, Romania (present day Moldova), describes the roundup and imprisonment of local Jews in the town hall in 1941; the treatment of the prisoners; the mass shooting of the Jewish community by local townspeople; and the burying of the victims by local townspeople.
Oral history interview with Dumitru Purici
Oral History
Dumitru Purici, born in 1927 in Bolohan, Ukraine (present day Moldova), describes the prewar Jewish community of Bolohan; a roundup and deportation of local Jews by German soldiers; and witnessing the roundup and deportation of the Jews of Orhei in 1941, including their treatment by German and Romanian soldiers.
Oral history interview with Evdochia Ilieva
Oral History
Evdochia Ilieva, born in 1928 in Oxentea, Ukraine (present day Moldova), describes a forced march of a group of Jews guarded by German and Romanian soldiers in Susleni, Moldova; hearing about mass murders of Jews; speaking with a German soldier who participated in the mass murder; witnessing the arrest of a Jewish woman by a Romanian soldier in Oxentea; and the sight of corpses in the Dniester River.
Oral history interview with Ion Antir
Oral History
Ion Antir, born in 1931 in Oneşti, Romania (present day Oneşti, Străşeni, Moldova), describes the prewar Jewish community of Oneşti; witnessing a mass shooting of Jews by Romanian soldiers; details of the mass shooting; and the return of a local Jewish man after the war.
Oral history interview with Ecaterina Nasușnîi
Oral History
Ecaterina Nasușnîi, born in 1915 in Codreanca, Romania (present day Moldova), describes the prewar Jewish community of Codreanca; antisemitic activity before the war; evacuating to the home of her in-laws in Dubova village (Dubău, Moldova) at the beginning of the war; the sight of a group of evacuating Jews who were caught by German and Italian soldiers and shot; a Jewish woman in an interfaith marriage who was almost arrested but saved by the actions of her father-in-law and local townspeople; the arrest of her husband for supporting the Soviet regime; hearing stories about the torture of imprisoned Jews; the mass murder of the Jews of Codreanca, including their treatment by Romanian soldiers; a local townswoman who hid a Jewish girl, but was betrayed by a neighbor; the mass murder of Soviet and Ukranian prison inmates by Romanian soldiers in 1944; the trial of local collaborators by Soviet authorities after the war; and the return of the Roma after the war.
Oral history interview with Ilie Grădinămare
Oral History
Ilie Grădinămare, born in 1926 in Codreanca, Romania (present day Moldova), describes the prewar Jewish community of Codreanca; the mass murder of the Jewish community by Romanian soldiers and local townspeople; onlookers to the mass shootings; and the rape and murder of Jewish women and girls by Romanian soldiers.
Oral history interview with Ion Vlas
Oral History
Ion Vlas, born in 1932 in Codreanca, Romania (present day Moldova), describes the prewar Jewish community in Codreanca; prewar Jewish persecution by Cuzists; Romanian soldiers looting stores and giving candy to children; local townspeople showing Romanian soldiers Jewish owned homes; the mass shooting of the Jewish population from Onesti village by Romanian soldiers; the looting of Jewish owned belongings by local townspeople; and a local townswoman's attempt to save a Jewish child who was subsequently killed by a Romanian gendarme in 1944.
Oral history interview with Margareta Chiorescu
Oral History
Margareta Chiorescu, born in 1932 in Codreanca, Romania (present day Moldova), describes the prewar Jewish community of Codreanca; the looting of Jewish owned homes; the adoption of Jewish children into non-Jewish homes; the mass shooting of the Jewish community by local townspeople; details about collaborators who assisted in the murder of Jews; and a local Jewish man who returned after the war.
Oral history interview with Eugenia Cojocari
Oral History
Eugenia Cojocari, born in 1928 in Codreanca, Romania (present day Moldova), describes the mass shooting of the local Jewish community by Romanian soldiers; local townspeople looting and burying the corpses; a townsperson's attempt to save a Jewish child; and the looting of Jewish owned property.
Oral history interview with Fiodor Colun
Oral History
Fiodor Colun, born in 1929 in Codreanca, Romania (present day Moldova), describes the imprisonment of the Jewish community of Codreanca; the mass shooting of the Jewish community by Romanian soldiers; and local townspeople looting Jewish owned property and burying the corpses.
Oral history interview with Alexei Toderas
Oral History
Alexei Toderas, born in 1921 in Dubna, Romania (present day Moldova), describes the prewar Jewish community of Dubna; the murder of a local Jewish family by Romanian soldiers; the mass shooting of prisoners of war in 1941 by Romanian soldiers; witnessing a column of Jews being taken toward Vertiujeni concentration camp; conditions in Vertiujeni concentration camp; and the murder of several local townspeople by Romanian soldiers.
Oral history interview with Efim Sochircă
Oral History
Efim Sochirca, born in 1922 in Dubna, Romania (present day Moldova), describes the prewar Jewish community of Dubna; assisting in the deportation of Jews from their homes to concentration camps; the treatment of Jews by local collaborators, including beatings and robbery; details about Vertiujeni concentration camp; and the capture of some Jews who escaped the initial roundup.
Oral history interview with Constantin Blajevschi
Oral History
Constantin Blajevschi, born in 1926 in Alexeevca, Romania (present day Alexeevca, Floreşti District, Moldova), describes visiting Marculesti concentration camp in 1941 to trade food for Jewish owned belongings; conditions in Marculesti concentration camp; a mass shooting of Jews committed by Romanian soldiers; the deportation and murder of a local Jewish family; and the sight of convoys of Jews passing through Floresti.
Oral history interview with Mihail Focșa
Oral History
Mihail Focșa, born in 1925 in Dominteni, Romania (present day Moldova), describes the prewar Jewish community of Dominteni; the attempt of local Jewish families to evacuate; the imprisonment of both local and non-local Jews in a cellar; the torture of prisoners by the chief of the gendarmerie; a mass murder of Jews by members of the gendarmerie; and the sight of a convoy of Jews in 1941.
Oral history interview with Fevronia Cantemir
Oral History
Fevronia Cantemir, born in 1920 in Dominteni, Romania (present day Moldova), describes the prewar Jewish community of Dominteni; the roundup of the Jewish community by Romanian soldiers; a concentration camp outside of Dominteni, including the Jewish inmates from the surrounding area and the conditions in the camp; a mass shooting of Jews by Romanian soldiers; and the looting of Jewish owned property by local townspeople.
Oral history interview with Ion Smigon
Oral History
Ion Smigon, born in 1923 in Dominteni, Romania (present day Moldova), describes local Cuzist members; a convoy of Jews driven by Romanian gendarmes stopping in a field outside his town for the night; the arrest of a local Jewish man who later hanged himself; and the looting of Jewish owned property.
Oral history interview with Ion Leahu
Oral History
Ion Leahu, born in 1918 in Dominteni, Romania (present day Moldova), describes his illness in 1941 which prevented him from being drafted into the army; hearing about the mass drowning of local Jews in a nearby pond; the looting of Jewish owned property by local townspeople; and the imprisonment of Jews from Balti, Moldova and surrounding villages outside his town in 1941.
Oral history interview with Fiodor Șchiopu
Oral History
Fiodor Șchiopu, born in 1925 in Ocolin, Ukraine (present day Moldova), describes the arrest of the local Jewish community by Romanian soldiers; two Jewish men who hid in the attic of his house and then left after speaking with his father; digging mass graves; witnessing a mass murder of Jews; details of the mass murder; hearing about mass murders in other towns; the sight of a column of Jews being transported through his village; and giving the Soviet KGB information about local collaborators in 1944.
Oral history interview with Procop Țibirnac
Oral History
Procop Țibirnac, born in 1920 in Petreni, Romania (present day Moldova), describes the prewar Jewish community of Petreni; Jewish families from surrounding areas sheltering in Petreni to avoid bombardments; the arrest of the Jewish community by Romanian soldiers; the participation of local townspeople in roundups; the looting of Jewish owned belongings; guarding a group of imprisoned Jews; the mass murder of the Jewish population; local Roma burying the corpses; and the sight of columns of Jews being transported towards Ukraine.
Oral history interview with Maria Țibirnac
Oral History
Maria Țibirnac, born in 1924 in Petreni, Romania (present day Moldova), describes her prewar Jewish neighbors; a roundup of local Jews by Romanian soldiers, which included her neighbors; the mass murder of the Jewish population; the sight of corpses in a lake; and a column of Jewish prisoners who were being transported through her village.
Oral history interview with Gheorghe Ciobanu
Oral History
Gheorghe Ciobanu, born in 1931 in Petreni, Romania (present day Moldova), describes the prewar Jewish community of Petreni; the mass murder of the Jewish community by Romanian soldiers; seeing a column of Jewish prisoners guarded by Romanian soldiers; the harsh treatment of the prisoners; and his participation along with local townspeople in the looting of Jewish owned property.
Oral history interview with Olga Ivanova
Oral History
Olga Ivanova, born in 1926 in Varvareuca, Romania (present day Moldova), describes her prewar Jewish neighbors; witnessing the murder of her Jewish neighbors in 1941 by a Romanian soldier; accustions by Romanian soldiers that her sister was Jewish; bringing food to inmates at the Marculesti concentration camp; and a column of Jewish prisoners guarded by Romanian soldiers.
Oral history interview with Timofei Cocieru
Oral History
Timofei Cocieru, born in 1925 in Gura Căinari, Romania (present day Moldova), describes the prewar Jewish community of Gura Căinari; prewar Cuzist activity; the mass shootings of local Jews by Romanian soldiers; the sight of Jewish prisoners on a forced marched to Marculesti concentration camp; conditions in Marculesti concentration camp; and the robbing of imprisoned Jews by local townspeople.
Oral history interview with Mihail Lazarenco
Oral History
Mihail Lazarenco, born in 1923 in Lunga, Romania (present day Lunga, Floreşti, Moldova), describes prewar antisemitic activity of Cuzists; being taken to Romania as premilitary; the sight of a column of Jews in Turnu Severin; treatment of the prisoners by Romanian soldiers; his reasoning behind the persecution of the Jews; and sight a column of Roma in Dej which was guarded by Romanian soldiers.
Oral history interview with Vasile Cașcaval
Oral History
Vasile Cașcaval, born in 1931 in Hirişeni, Romania (present day Moldova), describes the imprisonment of Jewish men near his house; hearing a mass shooting of Jews committed by local collaborators; details about the collaborators who assisted in the murder; the looting of Jewish owned property by local collaborators; the burying of the dead; the postwar punishment of collaborators; and the reburying of Jewish victims after the war.
Oral history interview with Parascovia Dodii
Oral History
Parascovia Dodii, born in 1925 in Hirişeni, Romania (present day Moldova), describes the prewar Jewish community of Hirişeni; the sight of local townspeople transporting a group of Jewish men; hearing gunfire from a mass shooting; and seeing the mass murder site.
Oral history interview with Jon Roșca
Oral History
Jon Roșca, born in 1927 in Hirişeni, Romania (present day Moldova), describes the prewar Jewish community of Hirişeni; the roundup and mass shootings of Jews by local collaborators; the looting of Jewish owned property by local collaborators; and the burial site for the victims of the mass shootings.
Oral history interview with Vasile Apostol
Oral History
Vasile Apostol, born in Hirișeni, Romania in 1929, discusses the prewar Jewish community in his town; witnessing Jewish families forced out of town by local civilians; the arrival of Romanian soldiers; hearing gunfire from a mass shooting; witnessing a second mass shooting; and looting by local villagers.
Oral history interview with Parascovia Ionel
Oral History
Parascovia Ionel, born in Băcioi near Chișinau, Romania (now Moldova) in 1931, discusses witnessing the roundup of her town’s Jewish community by Romanian forces and local villagers; anti-Jewish violence; witnessing the murder of a Jewish woman; the looting of Jewish property; and her interactions with a Romani man and Jewish woman after the war.
Oral history interview with Ion Cârhană
Oral History
Ion Cârhană, born in Hirova, Romania (Moldova) in 1921, discusses the roundup of his town’s Jewish community by Romanian forests and peasants; guarding their makeshift prison; being asked by Romanian forces to bury bodies because of his pre-military status; witnessing a mass shooting; details of the killing process; his fear during the shooting; burying 82 bodies in mass graves; the shooting of a Jewish man who escaped the mass killing; looting of Jewish property by local villagers; and the arrest by the Soviets after the war of the local villagers who participated in the killing.
Oral history interview with Gheorghe Cernițan
Oral History
Gheorge Cernițan, born in Hirova, Romania (Moldova) in 1922, discusses the size of Hirova’s prewar Jewish community; prewar anti-Jewish violence by followers of the far-right politician A.C. Cuza; witnessing two transports of Jewish men, then women, led out of town; the murder of a young man who escaped the shooting; and the postwar trials of the perpetrators.
Oral history interview with Mihail Roșca
Oral History
Mihail Roșca, born in Hirova, Romania (Moldova) in 1922, discusses the imprisonment of Hirova’s Jewish community in the town hall; witnessing their transport to the woods by local villagers; the murder of a young man who escaped the column; the burial pits; and local involvement in burying bodies.
Oral history interview with Vasile Coțaga
Oral History
Vasile Coțaga, born in Vasilcău, Romania (Moldova) in 1925, discusses prewar anti-Jewish violence by followers of the far-right politician A.C. Cuza; witnessing columns of Jews led out of town by Romanian forces; villagers exchanging food for the goods of the imprisoned Jewish population; seeing a concentration camp in the Mălăciui forest; and Jewish forced labor.
Oral history interview with Mihail Sandu
Oral History
Mihail Sandu, born in Rublenița, Romania (now Moldova) in 1927, discusses witnessing a large transport of Jewish men, women and children led by Romanian soldiers to a small concentration camp called Radiac; the torture of Jewish men; the harsh living conditions in the camp; a mass killing in the Odiai woods; and seeing a second transport of Jewish people taken to the killing site.
Oral history interview with Vasile Luța
Oral History
Vasile Luța, born in Rublenița, Romania (Moldova) in 1928 discusses the arrest and beating of communists by German and Romanian forces; the creation of a petition by local villagers that saved these men’s lives; the roundup of Jewish men, women, and children and their imprisonment in a concentration camp; the harsh conditions in the camp; villagers attempting to provide food to prisoners and being stopped by guards; and witnessing a transport of Jews being led by German and Romanian forces over the Dneister River.
Oral history interview with Ion Belous
Oral History
Ion Belous, born in Cosăuți, Romania (Moldova) in 1933, discusses the sieze of Cosăuți prewar Jewish community; being evacuated from Cosăuți during the first two weeks of the war; returning and finding the Jewish community gone; being told that they had been taken to the forest in Mălăciui; seeing the Jewish community in the forest guarded by Romanian forces; seeing a mass grave outside the enclosure; witnessing the removal of the Jewish community across the Dneister River; and seeing local villagers rob the Jewish prisoners of their property.
Oral history interview with Petru Zolotariov
Oral History
Petru Zolotariov, born in 1930 in Cosăuți, Romania (Moldova), discusses the size of Cosăuți's prewar Jewish community; witnessing a large convoy of Jewish people led by Romanian forces that stopped just outside town; local villagers who sold water to the convoy; seeing large numbers of Jewish people in the Mălăciui forest in a makeshift concentration camp; seeing the large burial pits outside the camp; witnessing the Jewish prisonsers being driven away towards Ukraine; and witnessing deportations of Romani people.
Oral history interview with Vasile Serbulenco
Oral History
Vasile Serbulenco, born Cosăuți, Romania (Moldova) in 1931, discusses the size of the prewar Jewish community; the one Jewish family who returned after the war; witnessing two large convoys of Jewish men, women, and children guarded by Romanian soldiers led towards the Dneister River; and hearing about a concentration camp in the woods.
Oral history interview with Ion Sapojnic
Oral History
Ion Sapojnic, born in 1929 in Cosăuți, Romania (Moldova), discusses the town’s prewar Jewish community; being evacuated when the war began; returning and finding the Jewish community gone; not know what happened to them; witnessing numerous convoys of Jewish men, women, and children being led across the Dneister River by Romanian guards; the harsh conditions on these marches; and witnessing convoys of Romani people led across the river.
Oral history interview with Ana Sapojnic
Oral History
Ana Sapojnic, born in Cosăuți, Romania (Moldova) in 1929, discusses the makeshift concentration camp guarded by Romanians in the Mălăciui forest outside her town; the harsh conditions in the camp; seeing a burial pit outside the camp; and witnessing convoys being taken towards the Dneister River.
Oral history interview with Liubovi Cioban
Oral History
Liubovi Cioban, born in Iorjnița, Romania (Moldova) in 1930, discusses seeing dead bodies on the street in nearby Soroca; being told that the victims were Jewish; and witnessing a convoy of Jewish men, women, and children being driven through the village by Romanian forces.
Oral history interview with Trofim Cioban
Oral History
Trofim Cioban, born in Cosăuți, Romanian (Moldova) in 1922, discusses being ordered by Romanian guards to carry Jewish people in his cart from the Mălăciui forest to the Dneister River; driving 20 people in his cart; witnessing a mass shooting; and leaving the killing site the next morning.
Oral history interview with Constantin Popa
Oral History
Constantin Popa, born in Onișcani, Romania (Moldova) in 1930, discusses the size of his town’s prewar Jewish community; the arrival of Romanian, German, and Italian forces at the outset of the war; witnessing a mass shooting; passing out and being revived by other bystanders; the looting of Jewish property; and hearing about a second mass killing on the same site.
Oral history interview with Nicanor Dânilă
Oral History
Nicanor Dânilă, born in Onișcani, Romania (Moldova) in 1930, discusses the roundup of his town’s Jewish community by German and Romanian forces; a mass shooting in an anti-tank ditch; the murder of a pregnant woman; witnessing a second mass killing; the fate of the perpetrators after the war; looting from Jewish houses and the mass grave; and being paid by a Jewish man after the war to bring the bones to another town for burial.
Oral history interview with Fiodor Cobuscan
Oral History
Fiodor Cobuscan, born in Onișcani, Romania (Moldova) in 1924, discusses witnessing a mass killing of Jews by Romanian forces; details of the killing process; the burial of the bodies by villagers; and the looting of Jewish homes and graves.
Oral history interview with Nicolae Batâr
Oral History
Nicolae Batâr, born in Onișcani, Romania (Moldova) in 1925, discusses prewar anti-Jewish violence by followers of the far-right political leader A.C. Cuza; local politics; the outbreak of war between Nazi Germany and the Soviets; some Jewish neighbors evacuating with the Soviet retreat; witnessing a convoy of Jewish men, women, and teenagers led by Romanian forces; following the transport to a killing site; running away when the shooting started; hearing peasants bragging about participating in the killing; rumors that one of the perpetrators was murdered after the war; the collection of bones after the war by a nearby Jewish community; and visiting the gravesite with the interviewer.
Oral history interview with Nicolae Crăcium
Oral History
Nicolae Crăcium, born in Onișcani, Romania (Moldova) in 1924, discusses prewar anti-Jewish violence by members of the Iron Guard; the outbreak of war; the roundup of the town’s Jewish community; hearing gunfire from a mass shooting; and walking by the burial pits the next day.
Oral history interview with Maria Grâdinari
Oral History
Maria Gradinari, born in Codreanca, Romania (Moldova) in 1923, discusses the size of her town’s prewar Jewish community; witnessing a convoy of Jews rounded up and driven away by German and Romanian forces; witnessing a mass killing; seeing local villagers looting the grave; and the eventual burial of the bodies after several days.
Oral history interview with Maria Cibotari
Oral History
Maria Cibotari, born in Codreanca, Romania (Moldova) in 1934, discusses witnessing a convoy of Jews being driven through town; a mass killing; details of the killing process; the murder of 7 to 8 girls who attempted to escape the convoy; and the informal memorial placed on the grave after the war.