Overview
- Brief Narrative
- Tile from a brick factory in Kőszeg, Hungary. Jewish residency in the town began in the 14th century and continued for five hundred years. From 1919 to 1921, Jews in Kőszeg and throughout Hungary were targeted by the White Terror pogroms for their perceived association with communism. Leading up to World War II, the Jewish population in the town was approximately 100 people. In December 1940, a forced labor camp was established with Jewish and non-Jewish workers at a brick field and an old brewery in the town. The camp housed eight thousand laborers who were forced to march 10 kilometers to and from work. They worked 10 hour days, 7 days a week, with only a daily ration of 17 ounces of bread. In March 1944, Germany occupied Hungary and the Jews of Kőszeg along with other Jews from the surrounding area were confined to a small ghetto in the town. On July 4, the remaining Kőszeg Jews were deported to Auschwitz-Birkenau killing center in German occupied Poland. In March 1945, the Germans liquidated the labor camp. As part of the liquidation, 95 sick laborers were locked in a sealed barrack and gassed to death on the property of Kőszeg Varosi Teglagyàr (Kőszeg Urban Brickworks), one of two brick factories in the town. In 1985, a park and a memorial were erected on the former property of the brick factory where the execution took place.
- Date
-
manufacture:
approximately 1850-2015
- Geography
-
manufacture:
Kőszeg (Hungary)
- Credit Line
- United States Holocaust Memorial Museum Collection, Gift of the Municipality of Köszeg
Physical Details
- Classification
-
Materials
- Category
-
Building materials
- Object Type
-
Tiles (lcsh)
- Genre/Form
- Bricks.
- Physical Description
- a: Large, four-sided, broken end piece of a long, thin, red clay tile. The piece has three straight, finished, edges and one broken, diagonal side. The surface is flat, pitted, and coarse with a light gray discolored shading. The bottom is smooth and flat. The left side is black while the right has a pale white discolored shading. There are several circular, white stains near the top edge. The tile has a slight concave curve.
b: Large, four-sided, broken end piece of a long, thin, red clay tile. The piece has three straight finished edges and one broken, diagonal side. The surface is flat, pitted, and coarse with light gray discolored shading. Along the center of the left edge, a small conical protrusion raises up from the surface, in line with the edge. The bottom is smooth and flat with pale white surface discoloration, and a small thin layer of mortar near the right edge.
c: Small triangular piece of a long thin red clay tile. The surface is flat and coarse tan colored. The broken edges reveal the red interior. - Dimensions
- a: Height: 0.625 inches (1.588 cm) | Width: 11.125 inches (28.258 cm) | Depth: 7.125 inches (18.097 cm)
b: Height: 1.250 inches (3.175 cm) | Width: 7.125 inches (18.097 cm) | Depth: 7.250 inches (18.415 cm)
c: Height: 0.625 inches (1.588 cm) | Width: 0.750 inches (1.905 cm) | Depth: 0.875 inches (2.223 cm) - Materials
- overall : clay, mortar
Rights & Restrictions
- Conditions on Access
- No restrictions on access
- Conditions on Use
- No restrictions on use
Keywords & Subjects
- Topical Term
- Holocaust, Jewish (1939-1945)--Hungary. Kőszeg (Hungary)--History. Jews--Hungary--History. Manufacturing industries--Hungary. Execution sites. Executions and executioners--Hungary--History. Forced Labor--Hungary.
- Geographic Name
- Kőszeg (Hungary) Kőszegfalva (Kőszeg, Hungary)
- Corporate Name
- Koszeg (Concentration camp)
Administrative Notes
- Legal Status
- Permanent Collection
- Provenance
- The tile was donated to the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum in 2017 by the Municipality of Kőszeg.
- Record last modified:
- 2022-07-28 18:16:47
- This page:
- http://collections.ushmm.org/search/catalog/irn564940
Download & Licensing
In-Person Research
- By Appointment
- Request 21 Days in Advance of Visit
- Plan a Research Visit
- Request to See This Object
Contact Us
Also in Kőszeg brick factory collection
The collection consists of two broken tiles and four bricks from a local brick factory relating to events in the area of Kőszeg, Hungary, during the Holocaust
Date: approximately 1850-2015
Broken red clay tile from a brick factory in Kőszeg, Hungary
Object
Tile from a brick factory in Kőszeg, Hungary. Jewish residency in the town began in the 14th century and continued for five hundred years. From 1919 to 1921, Jews in Kőszeg and throughout Hungary were targeted by the White Terror pogroms for their perceived association with communism. Leading up to World War II, the Jewish population in the town was approximately 100 people. In December 1940, a forced labor camp was established with Jewish and non-Jewish workers at a brick field and an old brewery in the town. The camp housed eight thousand laborers who were forced to march 10 kilometers to and from work. They worked 10 hour days, 7 days a week, with only a daily ration of 17 ounces of bread. In March 1944, Germany occupied Hungary and the Jews of Kőszeg along with other Jews from the surrounding area were confined to a small ghetto in the town. On July 4, the remaining Kőszeg Jews were deported to Auschwitz-Birkenau killing center in German occupied Poland. In March 1945, the Germans liquidated the labor camp. As part of the liquidation, 95 sick laborers were locked in a sealed barrack and gassed to death on the property of Kőszeg Varosi Teglagyàr (Kőszeg Urban Brickworks), one of two brick factories in the town. In 1985, a park and a memorial were erected on the former property of the brick factory where the execution took place.
Brick from a factory in Kőszeg, Hungary
Object
Brick from a brick factory in Kőszeg, Hungary. Jewish residency in the town began in the 14th century and continued for five hundred years. From 1919 to 1921, Jews in Kőszeg and throughout Hungary were targeted by the White Terror pogroms for their perceived association with communism. Leading up to World War II, the Jewish population in the town was approximately 100 people. In December 1940, a forced labor camp was established with Jewish and non-Jewish workers at a brick field and an old brewery in the town. The camp housed eight thousand laborers who were forced to march 10 kilometers to and from work. They worked 10 hour days, 7 days a week, with only a daily ration of 17 ounces of bread. In March 1944, Germany occupied Hungary and the Jews of Kőszeg along with other Jews from the surrounding area were confined to a small ghetto in the town. On July 4, the remaining Kőszeg Jews were deported to Auschwitz-Birkenau killing center in German occupied Poland. In March 1945, the Germans liquidated the labor camp. As part of the liquidation, 95 sick laborers were locked in a sealed barrack and gassed to death on the property of Kőszeg Varosi Teglagyàr (Kőszeg Urban Brickworks), one of two brick factories in the town. In 1985, a park and a memorial were erected on the former property of the brick factory where the execution took place.
Brick from a factory in Kőszeg, Hungary
Object
Brick from a brick factory in Kőszeg, Hungary. Jewish residency in the town began in the 14th century and continued for five hundred years. From 1919 to 1921, Jews in Kőszeg and throughout Hungary were targeted by the White Terror pogroms for their perceived association with communism. Leading up to World War II, the Jewish population in the town was approximately 100 people. In December 1940, a forced labor camp was established with Jewish and non-Jewish workers at a brick field and an old brewery in the town. The camp housed eight thousand laborers who were forced to march 10 kilometers to and from work. They worked 10 hour days, 7 days a week, with only a daily ration of 17 ounces of bread. In March 1944, Germany occupied Hungary and the Jews of Kőszeg along with other Jews from the surrounding area were confined to a small ghetto in the town. On July 4, the remaining Kőszeg Jews were deported to Auschwitz-Birkenau killing center in German occupied Poland. In March 1945, the Germans liquidated the labor camp. As part of the liquidation, 95 sick laborers were locked in a sealed barrack and gassed to death on the property of Kőszeg Varosi Teglagyàr (Kőszeg Urban Brickworks), one of two brick factories in the town. In 1985, a park and a memorial were erected on the former property of the brick factory where the execution took place.
Brick from a factory in Kőszeg, Hungary
Object
Brick from a brick factory in Kőszeg, Hungary. Jewish residency in the town began in the 14th century and continued for five hundred years. From 1919 to 1921, Jews in Kőszeg and throughout Hungary were targeted by the White Terror pogroms for their perceived association with communism. Leading up to World War II, the Jewish population in the town was approximately 100 people. In December 1940, a forced labor camp was established with Jewish and non-Jewish workers at a brick field and an old brewery in the town. The camp housed eight thousand laborers who were forced to march 10 kilometers to and from work. They worked 10 hour days, 7 days a week, with only a daily ration of 17 ounces of bread. In March 1944, Germany occupied Hungary and the Jews of Kőszeg along with other Jews from the surrounding area were confined to a small ghetto in the town. On July 4, the remaining Kőszeg Jews were deported to Auschwitz-Birkenau killing center in German occupied Poland. In March 1945, the Germans liquidated the labor camp. As part of the liquidation, 95 sick laborers were locked in a sealed barrack and gassed to death on the property of Kőszeg Varosi Teglagyàr (Kőszeg Urban Brickworks), one of two brick factories in the town. In 1985, a park and a memorial were erected on the former property of the brick factory where the execution took place.
Brick from a factory in Kőszeg, Hungary
Object
Brick from a brick factory in Kőszeg, Hungary. Jewish residency in the town began in the 14th century and continued for five hundred years. From 1919 to 1921, Jews in Kőszeg and throughout Hungary were targeted by the White Terror pogroms for their perceived association with communism. Leading up to World War II, the Jewish population in the town was approximately 100 people. In December 1940, a forced labor camp was established with Jewish and non-Jewish workers at a brick field and an old brewery in the town. The camp housed eight thousand laborers who were forced to march 10 kilometers to and from work. They worked 10 hour days, 7 days a week, with only a daily ration of 17 ounces of bread. In March 1944, Germany occupied Hungary and the Jews of Kőszeg along with other Jews from the surrounding area were confined to a small ghetto in the town. On July 4, the remaining Kőszeg Jews were deported to Auschwitz-Birkenau killing center in German occupied Poland. In March 1945, the Germans liquidated the labor camp. As part of the liquidation, 95 sick laborers were locked in a sealed barrack and gassed to death on the property of Kőszeg Varosi Teglagyàr (Kőszeg Urban Brickworks), one of two brick factories in the town. In 1985, a park and a memorial were erected on the former property of the brick factory where the execution took place.
