Austrian 10,000 Kronen banknote owned by a Viennese Jewish refugee family
- Date
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issue:
1918 November 02
use: 1919 March 12-1925
- Geography
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distribution:
Austria
- Classification
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Exchange Media
- Category
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Money
- Object Type
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National bank notes (lcsh)
- Genre/Form
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Currency.
- Credit Line
- United States Holocaust Memorial Museum Collection, Gift of Ernie A. Kent
Kronen banknote owned by the Appenzeller family in Vienna, Austria before their emigration in 1939. The kronen was the official currency of the Austro-Hungarian Empire from 1892 until its dissolution in 1918. The banknotes were printed on the front in Hungarian and in German on the reverse, and the value was written out in eight additional languages. After the breakup of Austria-Hungary, the banknotes remained in circulation among the various countries, but were overstamped for use in individual countries. This kronen is printed in German on both sides and has an overstamp that indicates the bill was valid only in Austria. Erna Appenzeller was a young girl living in Austria with her parents, when it was annexed by Germany on March 13, 1938. German authorities quickly created new legislation that restricted Jewish life. The school that Erna attended was shut down, members of the Jewish community were arrested, and her father’s business was taken and Arayanized. In August 1939, Erna’s family acquired visas and were able to go to Milan, Italy. On June 10, 1940, Italy entered World War II and the Nazis demanded that Italy intern or deport its Jewish refugees to Germany. Erna’s father received a travel visa to Panama which allowed him to get a visa for Spain and Portugal. The family went to Rome and flew to Barcelona, and then took a train to Lisbon arriving on November 3, 1940. On June 6, 1941, Erna and her family received American visas. On June 12 they boarded the SS Serpa Pinto bound for the United States and arrived in New York on June 22. Most members of Erna’s family were able to immigrate to Britain, France, Palestine and the United States, however several were deported and murdered in German occupied Poland.
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Record last modified: 2022-05-25 08:38:20
This page: https://collections.ushmm.org/search/catalog/irn594238
Also in This Collection
Metric wooden ruler owned by a young Austrian Jewish refugee girl
Object
Metric, wooden ruler used by Erna Appenzeller in her Montessori school in Vienna, Austria, while in fourth grade. Erna was a young girl living with her parents in Austria, when the country was annexed by Germany on March 13, 1938. German authorities quickly created new legislation that restricted Jewish life. The school that Erna attended was shut down, members of the Jewish community were arrested, and her father’s business was taken and Arayanized. In August 1939, Erna’s parents acquired visas and were able to go to Milan, Italy. On June 10, 1940, Italy entered World War II as a German ally and the Nazis demanded that Italy intern or deport its Jewish refugees to Germany. Erna’s father received a travel visa to Panama which allowed him to get a visa for Spain and Portugal. The family went to Rome where they flew to Barcelona, and then took a train to Lisbon, arriving on November 3. On June 6, 1941, Erna and her family received American visas. On June 12 they boarded the SS Serpa Pinto bound for the United States and arrived in New York on June 22. Most members of Erna’s family were able to immigrate to Britain, France, Palestine and the United States, however several were deported and murdered in German occupied Poland.
Appenzeller and Dukes families papers
Document
The Dukes and Appenzeller families papers include a 1945 autobiographical essay by Erna Appenzeller; birth certificates, a marriage certificate, a tax document, passports, and naturalization papers for William, Irma, and Erna Appenzeller; photographs of the Dukes and Appenzeller families and their friends; a 1940 postcard from Irma’s sister Frieda Grün and her husband Rudolf; and restitution files documenting William Appenzeller, Irma Dukes Appenzeller, and Erna Appenzeller (Ernie Kent) from Vienna, their immigration to the United States, and their efforts to receive restitution for losses suffered during the Holocaust.