Day 212 International Military Tribunal, Nuremberg (Set A)

Recorded Sound | Accession Number: 2019.401 | RG Number: RG-91.2557

Day 212 - Tuesday, August 27, 1946. Defense for the SA and the SD. Dr. Laternser for the General Staff.

Browse All

Day 212 International Military Tribunal, Nuremberg (Set A)

Click to enlarge

Date: Recorded: 1946 August 27
Language: English
German
Russian
Genre/Form: Unedited.
Trial and arbitral proceedings.
Credit: Accessed at United States Holocaust Memorial Museum, courtesy of the International Court of Justice

Expand all

Topical Term: Nuremberg Trial of Major German War Criminals, Nuremberg, Germany, 1945-1946.
Legal Status: Permanent Collection
Recorded Sound Provenance: The archives of the Nuremberg International Military Tribunal were entrusted to the International Court of Justice by a decision of the Tribunal on October 1, 1946. The archives were transported to the Peace Palace, where representatives of the Tribunal and the staff of the Court took delivery of them on March 14, 1950. The Nuremberg Archives consist of the films presented as evidence during the trial, written documents, and gramophone disc recordings of the hearings. The UN, United States Holocaust Memorial Museum, and the Memorial de la Shoah, cooperatively digitized the film, audio, and microfilm components of the Nuremberg Archives in an agreement signed in July 2017. The 4,370 digital transfers from the original 16" aluminum Presto Instantaneous Discs were received in two batches (December 2018 and September 2019).
Recorded Sound Notes: The United States Army Signal Corps produced two sets of verbatim audio recordings of the Nuremberg Trials outside of the courtroom in a studio. Set A (archived at the International Court of Justice in the Hague) consists of 1,942 double-sided black disc gramophone records with a cellulose trinitrate lacquer surface and aluminum core made by the Presto Recording Corporation. Set B (archived at the US National Archives and Records Administration in Washington, DC) consists of cardboard and aluminum gramophone discs. The two sets are not exact copies and generally stagger against each other, but sometimes have the same start or stop time corresponding to the beginning or end of a court session. The digitized and restored files made from Set A (ICJ) are much better quality than the files from Set B (NARA) which contain occasional audio distortion, especially at the beginning of a file, and skipping throughout.
Recorded Sound Source: International Court of Justice
Mémorial de la Shoah, Centre de Documentation Juive Contemporaine
File Number: Source Archive Number: 3754A
Source Archive Number: 3755A
Source Archive Number: 3756A
Source Archive Number: 3757A
Source Archive Number: 3758A
Source Archive Number: 3759A
Source Archive Number: 3759A
Source Archive Number: 3760A
Source Archive Number: 3761A
Source Archive Number: 3762A
Source Archive Number: 3763A
Source Archive Number: 3764A
Source Archive Number: 3764A
Source Archive Number: 3765A
Source Archive Number: 3766A
Source Archive Number: 3767A
Source Archive Number: 3768A
Source Archive Number: 3768A
Source Archive Number: 3769A
Source Archive Number: 3770A
Source Archive Number: 3771A
Source Archive Number: 3772A
Conditions on Access: You do not require further permission from the Museum to access this archival media.
Copyright: International Court of Justice
Conditions on Use: Researchers must obtain permission from the International Court of Justice to copy and use any of the sound and film recordings in this collection. Contact the Library of the Court at library@icj-cij.org.
: Record last modified: 2022-07-28 22:05:06
This page: https://collections.ushmm.org/search/catalog/irn718763

Also in Archives of the Nuremberg International Military Tribunal

Digital copies of the audio, film, and paper components of the Archives of the International Military Tribunal of Nuremberg. The original materials include: 1,942 cut gramophone discs of audio recordings of the hearings of the IMT; 37 rolls of 35mm nitrate films used as evidence during the trial; and 269,093 pages of documents (exhibits submitted to the Tribunal; trial briefs; minutes; lists).

Day 62 International Military Tribunal, Nuremberg (Set A)

Recorded Sound

Day 63 International Military Tribunal, Nuremberg (Set A)

Recorded Sound

Day 64 International Military Tribunal, Nuremberg (Set A)

Recorded Sound

Day 65 International Military Tribunal, Nuremberg (Set A)

Recorded Sound

Day 66 International Military Tribunal, Nuremberg (Set A)

Recorded Sound

Day 67 International Military Tribunal, Nuremberg (Set A)

Recorded Sound

Day 68 International Military Tribunal, Nuremberg (Set A)

Recorded Sound

Day 69 International Military Tribunal, Nuremberg (Set A)

Recorded Sound

Day 70 International Military Tribunal, Nuremberg (Set A)

Recorded Sound

Day 71 International Military Tribunal, Nuremberg (Set A)

Recorded Sound

Day 72 International Military Tribunal, Nuremberg (Set A)

Recorded Sound

Day 73 International Military Tribunal, Nuremberg (Set A)

Recorded Sound

Day 74 International Military Tribunal, Nuremberg (Set A)

Recorded Sound

Day 75 International Military Tribunal, Nuremberg (Set A)

Recorded Sound

Day 76 International Military Tribunal, Nuremberg (Set A)

Recorded Sound

Day 1 International Military Tribunal, Nuremberg (Set A)

Recorded Sound

Day 2 International Military Tribunal, Nuremberg (Set A)

Recorded Sound

Day 14 International Military Tribunal, Nuremberg (Set A)

Recorded Sound

Day 15 International Military Tribunal, Nuremberg (Set A)

Recorded Sound

Day 16 International Military Tribunal, Nuremberg (Set A)

Recorded Sound

Day 17 International Military Tribunal, Nuremberg (Set A)

Recorded Sound

Day 18 International Military Tribunal, Nuremberg (Set A)

Recorded Sound

Day 19 International Military Tribunal, Nuremberg (Set A)

Recorded Sound

Day 20 International Military Tribunal, Nuremberg (Set A)

Recorded Sound

Day 21 International Military Tribunal, Nuremberg (Set A)

Recorded Sound

Day 22 International Military Tribunal, Nuremberg (Set A)

Recorded Sound

Day 23 International Military Tribunal, Nuremberg (Set A)

Recorded Sound

Day 24 International Military Tribunal, Nuremberg (Set A)

Recorded Sound

Day 25 International Military Tribunal, Nuremberg (Set A)

Recorded Sound

Day 26 International Military Tribunal, Nuremberg (Set A)

Recorded Sound

Day 27 International Military Tribunal, Nuremberg (Set A)

Recorded Sound

Day 28 International Military Tribunal, Nuremberg (Set A)

Recorded Sound

Day 29 International Military Tribunal, Nuremberg (Set A)

Recorded Sound

Day 41 International Military Tribunal, Nuremberg (Set A)

Recorded Sound

Day 90 International Military Tribunal, Nuremberg (Set A)

Recorded Sound

Day 91 International Military Tribunal, Nuremberg (Set A)

Recorded Sound

Day 3 International Military Tribunal, Nuremberg (Set A)

Recorded Sound

Day 35 International Military Tribunal, Nuremberg (Set A)

Recorded Sound

Day 34 International Military Tribunal, Nuremberg (Set A)

Recorded Sound

Day 42 International Military Tribunal, Nuremberg (Set A)

Recorded Sound

American film about Nazi atrocities at concentration camps shown at Nuremberg Trials

Film

"Nazi Concentration Camps" was compiled as evidence and shown at the Nuremberg Trials on November 29, 1945 as Prosecution Exhibit #230. It contains film evidence of Nazi atrocities at the concentration camps of Leipzig, Penig, Ohrdruf, Hadamar, Breendonck, Hanover, Arnstadt, Nordhausen, Mauthausen, Buchenwald, Dachau, and Belsen. The film was produced for the U.S. Counsel for Prosecution of Axis Criminality in 1945. It was directed by Navy Cmdrs. James B. Donovan and E. Ray Kellogg. George C. Stevens was responsible for directing the photography and filming of the concentration camps as liberated by Allied forces.

Nazi Plan: 4-hour American film about the Nazi Party shown at Nuremberg Trials

Film

"The Nazi Plan" was shown as evidence at the International Military Tribunal in Nuremberg on December 11, 1945. It covers the activities and policies of the Nazi Party in Germany from 1921 to 1944, particularly as reflected in the speeches of Adolf Hitler and the pageantry associated with the Party. The four-hour film was compiled by Budd Schulberg and other military personnel, under the supervision of Navy Commander James Donovan. The compilers took pains to use only German source material, including official newsreels and other German films (1919-45). It was put together for the US Counsel for the Prosecution of Axis Criminality and the US Office of the Chief Counsel for War Crimes. The film was received in evidence as IMT exhibit USA-167. The film consists of four parts: Part I: The rise of the NSDAP, 1921-1933 Part II: Acquiring totalitarian control of Germany, 1933-1935 Part III: Preparation for wars of aggression, 1935-1939 Part IV: Wars of aggression, 1939-1944

French propaganda film

Film

This French film of 1943 was commissioned by Nazi Germany's propaganda ministry within occupied France. It is notable as the last film to be directed by Paul Riche (pseudonym of Jean Mamy), an ex-Mason. The film virulently denounces Freemasonry, parliamentarianism, and Jews as part of Vichy's drive agains them and seeks to prove a Jewish-Masonic plot. On France's liberation, the film's writer, producer, and director were purged for collaborating with the Nazis. This very short excerpt (39 seconds) contains the opening title sequence and a newspaper headline regarding President Roosevelt.

Soviet film on damage to Russian cultural heritage shown at Nuremberg Trials

Film

This Soviet-made film submitted at Nuremberg on February 21, 1946 concentrates on damage to architecturally important Russian buildings, especially churches and monasteries, as well as the destruction of places of historical interest linked to Russian writers and composers. There are no images of the synagogues that the Nazis ruined or defiled.

Soviet film on destruction in Russian cities shown at Nuremberg Trials

Film

This Soviet-made film submitted at Nuremberg on February 22, 1946 concentrates on destruction in Russian cities, including Smolensk, Soltsky, Vyazma, Gzhatsk, Vishnevets, Yukhnov, Epifan, Holm, Bottom, Staraya Russa, and Velikie Luki.

Photographs of atrocities in Yugoslavia shown at Nuremberg Trials

Film

This Soviet-made film submitted at Nuremberg on February 26, 1946 includes photo montage of German atrocities in Yugoslavia.

Soviet film of atrocities shown at Nuremberg Trials

Film

7 reels. This Soviet-made film was screened on February 19, 1946 on the 62nd day of the Nuremberg Trial and submitted as evidence relevant to the indictment for "crimes against humanity." The one-hour film with voiceover commentary shows visual evidence of the extermination camps of Auschwitz and Majdanek and appeals to spectators' emotions by emphasizing individual victims. The central argument of the film is that the Germans were the executioners of peaceful Soviet citizens. At the time, it made a very strong impression on both the accused and press. The film is a re-edited compilation of footage collected by the Soviet film team over four years (primarily used for propagandistic ends in wartime Soviet newsreels and documentaries). It was prepared in emergency by the Soviet prosecution team and minister of cinema following the projection of Nazi Concentration Camps presented by the Americans on November 29, 1945. Begins with CUs of evidentiary documents. Atrocities, corpses, women weeping, Soviet soldiers. Exhumation of mass grave, Russians weeping. Corpses at camp.Human remains. Doctors, exhumation, skulls. Human remains at camp, beach. Reburying children in coffins, women weeping. Watchtower, barbed wire, corpses. Gravesite in forest. Fires. Klooga: corpses, CU of victim with number and Star of David. Lublin, INTs corpses. Civilians view bodies and camp barracks. MS, survivors. Aerial views of Majdanek, barracks. Skulls and bones, crematorium. Victims' belongings (shoes, passports, etc.) Pan of survivors behind barbed wire. Aerial views of Auschwitz, maps, women in bunks, barbed wire, emaciated corpses, survivors in striped uniforms. Twins walking between barbed wire fences at Auschwitz, children show tattooed numbers to camera. Zyklon B cans. Demonstration at gallows. Mass gravesite. Doctors examine baby. MSs, victims' clothing, shoes. More victims' belongings, hair. Doctors examining survivors, interviewing nurses. Cemetery. Decapitated bodies, guillotine. Corpses in coffins. Torture instruments.

Day 196 International Military Tribunal, Nuremberg (Set A)

Recorded Sound

Day 197 International Military Tribunal, Nuremberg (Set A)

Recorded Sound

Day 198 International Military Tribunal, Nuremberg (Set A)

Recorded Sound

Day 199 International Military Tribunal, Nuremberg (Set A)

Recorded Sound

Day 200 International Military Tribunal, Nuremberg (Set A)

Recorded Sound

Day 201 International Military Tribunal, Nuremberg (Set A)

Recorded Sound

Day 202 International Military Tribunal, Nuremberg (Set A)

Recorded Sound

Day 203 International Military Tribunal, Nuremberg (Set A)

Recorded Sound

Day 204 International Military Tribunal, Nuremberg (Set A)

Recorded Sound

Day 205 International Military Tribunal, Nuremberg (Set A)

Recorded Sound

Day 206 International Military Tribunal, Nuremberg (Set A)

Recorded Sound

Day 207 International Military Tribunal, Nuremberg (Set A)

Recorded Sound

Day 208 International Military Tribunal, Nuremberg (Set A)

Recorded Sound

Day 209 International Military Tribunal, Nuremberg (Set A)

Recorded Sound

Day 210 International Military Tribunal, Nuremberg (Set A)

Recorded Sound

Day 211 International Military Tribunal, Nuremberg (Set A)

Recorded Sound

Day 213 International Military Tribunal, Nuremberg (Set A)

Recorded Sound

Day 214 International Military Tribunal, Nuremberg (Set A)

Recorded Sound

Day 215 International Military Tribunal, Nuremberg (Set A)

Recorded Sound

Day 216 International Military Tribunal, Nuremberg (Set A)

Recorded Sound

Day 217 International Military Tribunal, Nuremberg (Set A)

Recorded Sound

Day 218 International Military Tribunal, Nuremberg (Set A)

Recorded Sound

Day 150 International Military Tribunal, Nuremberg (Set A)

Recorded Sound

Day 151 International Military Tribunal, Nuremberg (Set A)

Recorded Sound

Day 152 International Military Tribunal, Nuremberg (Set A)

Recorded Sound

Day 153 International Military Tribunal, Nuremberg (Set A)

Recorded Sound

Day 154 International Military Tribunal, Nuremberg (Set A)

Recorded Sound

Day 155 International Military Tribunal, Nuremberg (Set A)

Recorded Sound

Day 156 International Military Tribunal, Nuremberg (Set A)

Recorded Sound

Day 157 International Military Tribunal, Nuremberg (Set A)

Recorded Sound

Day 158 International Military Tribunal, Nuremberg (Set A)

Recorded Sound

Day 159 International Military Tribunal, Nuremberg (Set A)

Recorded Sound

Day 160 International Military Tribunal, Nuremberg (Set A)

Recorded Sound

Day 161 International Military Tribunal, Nuremberg (Set A)

Recorded Sound

Day 162 International Military Tribunal, Nuremberg (Set A)

Recorded Sound

Day 163 International Military Tribunal, Nuremberg (Set A)

Recorded Sound

Day 164 International Military Tribunal, Nuremberg (Set A)

Recorded Sound

Day 165 International Military Tribunal, Nuremberg (Set A)

Recorded Sound

Day 166 International Military Tribunal, Nuremberg (Set A)

Recorded Sound

Day 167 International Military Tribunal, Nuremberg (Set A)

Recorded Sound

Day 168 International Military Tribunal, Nuremberg (Set A)

Recorded Sound

Day 169 International Military Tribunal, Nuremberg (Set A)

Recorded Sound

Day 170 International Military Tribunal, Nuremberg (Set A)

Recorded Sound

Day 171 International Military Tribunal, Nuremberg (Set A)

Recorded Sound

Day 172 International Military Tribunal, Nuremberg (Set A)

Recorded Sound

Day 173 International Military Tribunal, Nuremberg (Set A)

Recorded Sound

Day 174 International Military Tribunal, Nuremberg (Set A)

Recorded Sound

Day 175 International Military Tribunal, Nuremberg (Set A)

Recorded Sound

Day 176 International Military Tribunal, Nuremberg (Set A)

Recorded Sound

Day 177 International Military Tribunal, Nuremberg (Set A)

Recorded Sound

Day 178 International Military Tribunal, Nuremberg (Set A)

Recorded Sound

Day 179 International Military Tribunal, Nuremberg (Set A)

Recorded Sound

Day 180 International Military Tribunal, Nuremberg (Set A)

Recorded Sound

Day 181 International Military Tribunal, Nuremberg (Set A)

Recorded Sound

Day 182 International Military Tribunal, Nuremberg (Set A)

Recorded Sound

Day 183 International Military Tribunal, Nuremberg (Set A)

Recorded Sound

Day 184 International Military Tribunal, Nuremberg (Set A)

Recorded Sound

Day 185 International Military Tribunal, Nuremberg (Set A)

Recorded Sound

Day 186 International Military Tribunal, Nuremberg (Set A)

Recorded Sound

Day 187 International Military Tribunal, Nuremberg (Set A)

Recorded Sound

Day 188 International Military Tribunal, Nuremberg (Set A)

Recorded Sound

Day 189 International Military Tribunal, Nuremberg (Set A)

Recorded Sound

Day 190 International Military Tribunal, Nuremberg (Set A)

Recorded Sound

Day 191 International Military Tribunal, Nuremberg (Set A)

Recorded Sound

Day 192 International Military Tribunal, Nuremberg (Set A)

Recorded Sound

Day 193 International Military Tribunal, Nuremberg (Set A)

Recorded Sound

Day 194 International Military Tribunal, Nuremberg (Set A)

Recorded Sound

Day 195 International Military Tribunal, Nuremberg (Set A)

Recorded Sound

Day 121 International Military Tribunal, Nuremberg (Set A)

Recorded Sound

Day 4 International Military Tribunal, Nuremberg (Set A)

Recorded Sound

Day 5 International Military Tribunal, Nuremberg (Set A)

Recorded Sound

Day 6 International Military Tribunal, Nuremberg (Set A)

Recorded Sound

Day 7 International Military Tribunal, Nuremberg (Set A)

Recorded Sound

Day 8 International Military Tribunal, Nuremberg (Set A)

Recorded Sound

Day 9 International Military Tribunal, Nuremberg (Set A)

Recorded Sound

Day 10 International Military Tribunal, Nuremberg (Set A)

Recorded Sound

Day 11 International Military Tribunal, Nuremberg (Set A)

Recorded Sound

Day 12 International Military Tribunal, Nuremberg (Set A)

Recorded Sound

Day 13 International Military Tribunal, Nuremberg (Set A)

Recorded Sound

Day 122 International Military Tribunal, Nuremberg (Set A)

Recorded Sound

Day 123 International Military Tribunal, Nuremberg (Set A)

Recorded Sound

Day 124 International Military Tribunal, Nuremberg (Set A)

Recorded Sound

Day 125 International Military Tribunal, Nuremberg (Set A)

Recorded Sound

Day 126 International Military Tribunal, Nuremberg (Set A)

Recorded Sound

Day 127 International Military Tribunal, Nuremberg (Set A)

Recorded Sound

Day 128 International Military Tribunal, Nuremberg (Set A)

Recorded Sound

Day 129 International Military Tribunal, Nuremberg (Set A)

Recorded Sound

Day 130 International Military Tribunal, Nuremberg (Set A)

Recorded Sound

Day 131 International Military Tribunal, Nuremberg (Set A)

Recorded Sound

Day 132 International Military Tribunal, Nuremberg (Set A)

Recorded Sound

Day 133 International Military Tribunal, Nuremberg (Set A)

Recorded Sound

Day 134 International Military Tribunal, Nuremberg (Set A)

Recorded Sound

Day 135 International Military Tribunal, Nuremberg (Set A)

Recorded Sound

Day 136 International Military Tribunal, Nuremberg (Set A)

Recorded Sound

Day 137 International Military Tribunal, Nuremberg (Set A)

Recorded Sound

Day 138 International Military Tribunal, Nuremberg (Set A)

Recorded Sound

Day 139 International Military Tribunal, Nuremberg (Set A)

Recorded Sound

Day 140 International Military Tribunal, Nuremberg (Set A)

Recorded Sound

Day 141 International Military Tribunal, Nuremberg (Set A)

Recorded Sound

Day 142 International Military Tribunal, Nuremberg (Set A)

Recorded Sound

Day 143 International Military Tribunal, Nuremberg (Set A)

Recorded Sound

Day 144 International Military Tribunal, Nuremberg (Set A)

Recorded Sound

Day 145 International Military Tribunal, Nuremberg (Set A)

Recorded Sound

Day 146 International Military Tribunal, Nuremberg (Set A)

Recorded Sound

Day 147 International Military Tribunal, Nuremberg (Set A)

Recorded Sound

Day 148 International Military Tribunal, Nuremberg (Set A)

Recorded Sound

Day 149 International Military Tribunal, Nuremberg (Set A)

Recorded Sound

Day 77 International Military Tribunal, Nuremberg (Set A)

Recorded Sound

Day 78 International Military Tribunal, Nuremberg (Set A)

Recorded Sound

Day 79 International Military Tribunal, Nuremberg (Set A)

Recorded Sound

Day 80 International Military Tribunal, Nuremberg (Set A)

Recorded Sound

Day 81 International Military Tribunal, Nuremberg (Set A)

Recorded Sound

Day 82 International Military Tribunal, Nuremberg (Set A)

Recorded Sound

Day 83 International Military Tribunal, Nuremberg (Set A)

Recorded Sound

Day 84 International Military Tribunal, Nuremberg (Set A)

Recorded Sound

Day 85 International Military Tribunal, Nuremberg (Set A)

Recorded Sound

Day 86 International Military Tribunal, Nuremberg (Set A)

Recorded Sound

Day 87 International Military Tribunal, Nuremberg (Set A)

Recorded Sound

Day 88 International Military Tribunal, Nuremberg (Set A)

Recorded Sound

Day 89 International Military Tribunal, Nuremberg (Set A)

Recorded Sound

Day 92 International Military Tribunal, Nuremberg (Set A)

Recorded Sound

Day 93 International Military Tribunal, Nuremberg (Set A)

Recorded Sound

Day 94 International Military Tribunal, Nuremberg (Set A)

Recorded Sound

Day 95 International Military Tribunal, Nuremberg (Set A)

Recorded Sound

Day 96 International Military Tribunal, Nuremberg (Set A)

Recorded Sound

Day 97 International Military Tribunal, Nuremberg (Set A)

Recorded Sound

Day 98 International Military Tribunal, Nuremberg (Set A)

Recorded Sound

Day 99 International Military Tribunal, Nuremberg (Set A)

Recorded Sound

Day 100 International Military Tribunal, Nuremberg (Set A)

Recorded Sound

Day 101 International Military Tribunal, Nuremberg (Set A)

Recorded Sound

Day 102 International Military Tribunal, Nuremberg (Set A)

Recorded Sound

Day 103 International Military Tribunal, Nuremberg (Set A)

Recorded Sound

Day 104 International Military Tribunal, Nuremberg (Set A)

Recorded Sound

Day 105 International Military Tribunal, Nuremberg (Set A)

Recorded Sound

Day 106 International Military Tribunal, Nuremberg (Set A)

Recorded Sound

Day 107 International Military Tribunal, Nuremberg (Set A)

Recorded Sound

Day 108 International Military Tribunal, Nuremberg (Set A)

Recorded Sound

Day 109 International Military Tribunal, Nuremberg (Set A)

Recorded Sound

Day 110 International Military Tribunal, Nuremberg (Set A)

Recorded Sound

Day 111 International Military Tribunal, Nuremberg (Set A)

Recorded Sound

Day 112 International Military Tribunal, Nuremberg (Set A)

Recorded Sound

Day 113 International Military Tribunal, Nuremberg (Set A)

Recorded Sound

Day 114 International Military Tribunal, Nuremberg (Set A)

Recorded Sound

Day 115 International Military Tribunal, Nuremberg (Set A)

Recorded Sound

Day 116 International Military Tribunal, Nuremberg (Set A)

Recorded Sound

Day 117 International Military Tribunal, Nuremberg (Set A)

Recorded Sound

Day 118 International Military Tribunal, Nuremberg (Set A)

Recorded Sound

Day 119 International Military Tribunal, Nuremberg (Set A)

Recorded Sound

Day 120 International Military Tribunal, Nuremberg (Set A)

Recorded Sound

Day 30 International Military Tribunal, Nuremberg (Set A)

Recorded Sound

Day 31 International Military Tribunal, Nuremberg (Set A)

Recorded Sound

Day 32 International Military Tribunal, Nuremberg (Set A)

Recorded Sound

Day 33 International Military Tribunal, Nuremberg (Set A)

Recorded Sound

View All 227 Items in the Collection

Learn About The Holocaust

My Saved Research

Day 212 International Military Tribunal, Nuremberg (Set A)

Also in Archives of the Nuremberg International Military Tribunal