Overview
- Interview Summary
- Ana Mihălus, born in 1927 in Mahala village, Ukraine, describes living in Boian with her aunt; a roundup of Jews conducted by local townspeople; the mass shooting of local Jews by Romanian soldiers; her aunt hiding a Jewish family; the former chief of police stopping a mass shooting of Jews; the looting of Jewish property; and the deportation of Jews to Transnistria.
- Interviewee
- Ana Mihălus
- Interviewer
- Diana Dumitru
- Date
-
interview:
2011 June 27
- Credit Line
- United States Holocaust Memorial Museum Collection, courtesy of the Jeff and Toby Herr Foundation
Physical Details
- Extent
-
1 videocassette (DVCAM)s : sound, color ; 1/4 in..
Rights & Restrictions
- Conditions on Access
- There are no known restrictions on access to this material.
- Conditions on Use
- No restrictions on use
Keywords & Subjects
- Topical Term
- World War, 1939-1945--Personal narratives, Ukrainian. Altruism--Ukraine. Hiding places--Ukraine. Holocaust, Jewish (1939-1945)--Ukraine. Mass murder--Ukraine. Shooting (Execution)--Ukraine. World War, 1939-1945--Atrocities--Ukraine. World War, 1939-1945--Campaigns--Ukraine. World War, 1939-1945--Deportations from Ukraine. World War, 1939-1945--Destruction and pillage--Ukraine. Women--Personal narratives.
- Geographic Name
- Boiany (Ukraine) Chernivets’ka oblast’ (Ukraine) Mahala (Ukraine) Romania--Armed Forces. Transnistria (Ukraine : Territory under German and Romanian occupation, 1941-1944) Ukraine--History--German occupation, 1941-1944. Ukraine.
- Personal Name
- Mihălus, Ana.
Administrative Notes
- Holder of Originals
-
United States Holocaust Memorial Museum
- Legal Status
- Permanent Collection
- Provenance
- This is a witness interview of the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum's Perpetrators, Collaborators, and Witnesses: The Jeff and Toby Herr Testimony Initiative, a multi-year project to record the testimonies of non-Jewish witnesses to the Holocaust. The interview was directed and supervised by Nathan Beyrak.
- Funding Note
- The production of this interview was made possible by Jeff and Toby Herr.
The cataloging of this oral history interview has been supported by a grant from the Conference on Jewish Material Claims Against Germany. - Special Collection
-
The Jeff and Toby Herr Oral History Archive
- Record last modified:
- 2023-11-16 09:01:42
- This page:
- http://collections.ushmm.org/search/catalog/irn50632
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Oral history interview with Boris Muzychenko
Oral History
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Oral history interview with Zoya Popova
Oral History
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Oral history interview with Nina Yefremenko
Oral History
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Oral History
Nikolai Sushchuk, born in 1930 in Ukraine, describes visiting the Jewish ghetto in Novograd-Volynsk; a mass shooting of Jews by German soldiers and policemen at a shooting range in 1941; the sound of machine gunfire; searching the site of the shooting several days after for cartridge cases and seeing a mass grave; a second mass shooting of Jews by Germans at the shooting range in which victims attempted to escape; and Germans dragging the bodies of those killed into a mass grave.
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Oral History
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Oral History
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Oral history interview with Lyubov Ostapenko
Oral History
Lyubov Ostapenko, born in 1923 in Ukraine, describes the beginning of the war in Kiev; hearing about the atrocities committed against Jews; warning her Jewish friend not to respond to an announcement by the Germans for Jews to gather; her friend’s belief that the Germans would only use him for work; hearing rumors that Jews in the area were being shot; searching for her sister’s husband, who was Jewish; the shooting of her sister at Babi Yar; her membership in an underground organization; betrayal by a woman from the organization; home imprisonment by German soldiers; interrogation by German soldiers and Ukrainian policemen; the departure of the German soldiers who warned that they would return to arrest her and her family; going into hiding; German soldiers destroying her family’s house and digging in search of guns; seeing the bodies of people who were hanged; witnessing the arrest of her neighbors being by Germans and Ukrainian policemen; and the postwar trial of a Ukrainian policemen who collaborated with the Germans.
Oral history interview with Klavdiya Gubareva
Oral History
Klavdiya Gubareva, born in 1924 in Ukraine, describes German soldiers forcing Jews out of their homes and bringing them to a killing site in Kozoryzoyyi Jar; traveling to Odessa and seeing a column of Jews from Odessa being taken by German soldiers and policemen to be executed at Bogdanovka; German soldiers and policemen beating the Jews in the column; and seeing Jews being left overnight in a schoolhouse with no doors or windows to freeze to death.
Oral history interview with Andrey Yermolenko
Oral History
Andrey Yermolenko, born in 1930 in Ukraine, describes working near a pit from which lime was extracted; seeing groups of Jews taken to the pit, made to undress, and then shot from behind by German guards; the bodies being set on fire when the pit was full; the smell of burned flesh; hearing screams during the execution; how none of the prisoners could escape because of the presence of the guards; and the removal of the clothing in wagons after the execution.
Oral history interview with Valentina Natochi
Oral History
Valentina Natochi, born in 1930 in Ukraine, describes the murder of a pregnant Jewish school teacher at Bogdanovka by a policeman; the transport of thousands of Jews to Domaniovka where they would be executed; how Jews were forced to stay in pigsties before they were brought to a pit for execution; Jews being forced to undress and then stand by the edge of the pit where they were shot by Ukrainian civilians and Romanian soldiers; German soldiers giving the orders for the execution; and the burning of the bodies in the pit.
Oral history interview with Nina Anushchenko
Oral History
Nina Anushchenko, born in 1928 in Ukraine, describes the forced relocation of Jews from Odessa to Domanivka in 1942; the exhaustion of the Jews as a result of the march without food or water; the guarding of the Jews by Romanian and German soldiers; the imprisonment of the Jews at an empty club and old synagogue until they could be taken to Bogdanovka; local townspeople attempting to give food to the Jews, only to be turned away by the guards; the deaths of many Jews as a result of cold and starvation; seeing a wagon filled with bodies which would be transferred to a ditch in the forest; seeing Jews being transported to a sheep-fold where they were later shot; and the burning of the bodies.
Oral history interview with Neonila Tatarenko
Oral History
Neonila Tatarenko, born in 1926 in Ukraine, describes German soldiers raiding homes in Nikolaiev, Ukraine; German soldiers taking hostages in response to partisan activity; the execution of hostages which took place in the center of the city; the announcement that Jews were to gather for deportation; the deportation of the Jews by German soldiers and Ukrainian policemen; the execution of the Jews at Meshkovka-Pogorelovka; and reports that the waters of the Buga River ran red as a result of the executions.
Oral history interview with Gertruda Mostovaya
Oral History
Gertruda Mostaovaya, born in 1929 in Ukraine, describes seeing partisans who had been hanged to death in Uman, Ukraine; trucks loaded with the bodies of babies taken from a maternity home; being caught in a raid by mistake and being taken to the Uman ghetto; witnessing attempts to humiliate Jews; the deportation of Jews to execution sites; fleeing from the ghetto and hiding in the cellar of her former house; her neighbor who turned her in to the police; her deportation to a labor camp in Germany; working in a clothing factory and then in a plant; being assaulted and tortured; and rumors that their food was designed for animals and made from human bones.
Oral history interview with Albert Yuryev
Oral History
Albert Yuryev, born in 1930 in Nikolaiev, Ukraine, describes announcements in the city following the German occupation for Jews to report for deportation, and those who did not report would be killed; Jews being taken to a field near the graveyard and kept under guard for several days; being turned away by guards after he attempted to go to the Jews; the transfer of Jews to the execution site at Meshkovka; finding money along the road from Jews being brought to the execution site; marauders walking among the bodies after the mass shooting and killing any survivors; a barn in Meshkov which stored the clothes and hair of executed Jews; mass shootings of Jews near the Buga River in 1942 and 1943; and his imprisonment in a prisoner of war camp in 1944, where he worked burning corpses.
Oral history interview with Anatoly Nemchenko
Oral History
Anatoly Nemchenko, born in 1934 in Krivoi Rog (Kryvyi Rih), Ukraine, describes seeing German soldiers cut off the hand of a fourteen year old boy accused of stealing bread; a sawhorse at which policemen executed people whom they considered delinquents; seeing a group of Jews being driven to an execution site; the brutal treatment by policemen of those unable to stay in the column; a column of prisoners of war guarded by German soldiers; the involvement of policemen in the mass shooting of Jews; the way in which victims were organized and had to undress before the execution; the pit into which bodies fell; after the mass shooting, the placement of salt over the bodies in the pit; and the bombing of the pit.
Oral history interview with Maria Bezotosova
Oral History
Maria Bezotosova, born in 1928 in Radonech, Belarus, describes an attempt by German soldiers to arrest a Jewish woman; interference by peasants who passed her as a Belarusian; German soldiers and local policemen gathering residents in stables and then burning them down; hiding in the forest during one of these attacks; hearing cries and smelling a repulsive smell; a mass killing of Jews in Starobin; and seeing German soldiers driving thousands of Jews to execution sites.
Oral history interview with Sergey Yashchenko
Oral History
Sergey Yashchenko, born in 1930 in Krivoi Rog (Kryvyi Rih), Ukraine, describes his involvement in partisan groups throughout the war; seeing a group of Jews near the river between Inguletz and Rachmanovka being shot with a machine gun by German soldiers; witnessing members of the underground movement being shot and pushed down a mine shaft in 1942; and the increase in violent activity by the Kalmyks during the German occupation.
Oral history interview with Yuri Dobrovolsky
Oral History
Yuri Dobrovolsky, born in 1936 in Ukraine, describes the sight of Jews being driven in carts along the street; adults discussing how the Jews were being taken to be executed; the execution site in which German soldiers set up machine guns; the mass shooting from which he remembers a mother with a child in her arms falling into the ditch; and how after the execution children were running on the site which was spotted with blood.
Oral history interview with Raisa Karpenko
Oral History
Raisa Karpenko, born in 1932 in Ukraine, describes seeing German soldiers force a group of Jews to build a bridge; the Jews living in a stable; entering the stable and seeing the group laying in the straw; how the Jews were fed worse than the animals; witnessing Jews being arrested and sent to be executed; an incident in which a five year old boy was taken from his mother, tied by his legs to a car, and dragged to a pit of dead bodies; the mass shooting of Jews; sheltering a Jewish man who escaped the shooting; and how this man was caught by local policemen and executed.
Oral history interview with Vera Babenko
Oral History
Vera Babenko, born in 1928 in Ukraine, describes witnessing a mass shooting of Jews in 1942; how Jews were rounded up from neighboring villages; the rounding up of the local Jewish population; being forced to watch the shooting in which victims were made to line up along the side of a pit so they could fall in; German soldiers using automatic rifles during the shooting; hearing cries and groans from the pit; how after the execution a German soldier shot one more round of bullets into the pit and laughed; a group of Jewish men left alive so that they could bury the bodies; and the execution of the group of men who were buried in the pit by local townspeople.
Oral history interview with Yefrosinya Grigorash
Oral History
Yefrosinya Grigorash, born in 1931 in Ukraine, describes German soldiers searching her family home for a partisan who was hiding in her village; German soldiers setting her house on fire, and then shooting anyone who tried to escape; a grenade which was thrown into her house and mutilated her brother; the shooting of her sister; her and her mother’s injuries; crawling out of the burning house; and how she was the only member of her family to survive the attack.
Oral history interview with Vira Sadovska
Oral History
Oral history interview with Nadia Barlanetska
Oral History
Oral history interview with Mycola Bosyi
Oral History
Oral history interview with Evsafii Mudrac
Oral History
Oral history interview with Adolf Vislovski
Oral History
Oral history interview with Volodimir Rebrik
Oral History
Oral history interview with Stepan Davidovskyi
Oral History
Oral history interview with Valentina Pavlik
Oral History
Oral history interview with Grigoryi Raduda
Oral History
Oral history interview with Yefrosinya Shingler
Oral History
Oral history interview with Katerina Boiko
Oral History
Oral history interview with Ana Mendus
Oral History
Oral history interview with Nadejda Gutsol
Oral History
Oral history interview with Ivan Bratanchuk
Oral History
Oral history interview with Galina Cherniy
Oral History
Oral history interview with Sofia Benderzevskaya
Oral History
Oral history interview with Pavlo Kravets
Oral History
Oral history interview with Jelena Smirnova
Oral History
Oral history interview with Juzek Poljan
Oral History
Oral history interview with Vladimir Kuzmin
Oral History
Oral history interview with Valentin Savchuk
Oral History
Valentin Savchuk, born in 1930 in Ukraine, describes a mass shooting of Jews at the shooting grounds of a local cavalry regiment; the actions of the Jews leading up to and during the shooting; hearing commands shouted in German; seeing some of the victims attempt to run from the shooting site; visiting the site a month later and seeing a pile of rotten clothes; seeing the bodies of members of the underground movement hanging in the middle of the city; hearing gunshots from other mass shootings and seeing people attempt to escape; hearing rumors that German soldiers were going to kill a group of communists; and German soldiers burning the house of his family as a result of their contacts with partisans.
Oral history interview with Izabela Yelnikova
Oral History
Izabela Yelnikova, born in 1927 in Ukraine, describes seeing from a close distance an execution of Jews and communists selected from 300 prisoners of war; her relocation to Germany; working in a dining room; and an incident in which she was falsely accused of stealing a bag of potatoes and was badly beaten by a German officer during the examination.
Oral history interview with Tamara Dyka
Oral History
Tamara Dyka, born in 1927 in Vesyoloe, Ukraine, describes living in Zlatoustivka, Ukraine during the occupation; seeing peasants from neighboring Jewish villages digging a pit; witnessing a group of Jews being transported to an execution site; the sound of gunfire and the sight of the mass burial; and the shooting of children and babies she believed to be Romani.
Oral history interview with Valentina Kolbaskina
Oral History
Valentina Kolbaskina, born in 1931 in Krivoj Rog (Kryvyi Rih), Ukraine, describes living in Blagodatnoe (Blahodatne) village during the occupation; the presence of Jewish refugees from Stavropol in her village in 1941; the German occupation; the gathering of the Jews in the center of town in the local firehouse, from which they were told that they would be resettled; the mass murder of the Jews in gassing trucks; speaking with a local policeman about the killing; the mass grave dug by Jewish men who were later shot; and the actions of policemen during the German retreat.
Oral history interview with Andrey Dudnik
Oral History
Andrey Dudnik, born in 1925 in Krivoi Rog (Kryvyi Rih), Ukraine, describes his family and life before the war; his capture as a prisoner of war in 1942; his time in Chorol where he saw daily executions; his imprisonment in Mironovka; his transfer to Karmin (Czechoslvakia) in crowded railroad vans; working in mines with workers from the east; the punishment of prisoners by whipping; escaping the camp with the workers from the east; his capture and imprisonment in Teschien; his transfer to Auschwitz; daily hangings of prisoners; how any prisoner could be shot on the spot or torn apart by guards’ dogs; the disposal of corpses in the camp; the separate area of Auschwitz for Jewish prisoners; and his transfer to Mauthausen as part of a group of Russian prisoners of war in 1943.
Oral history interview with Mariya Kravtsova
Oral History
Mariya Kravtsova, born in 1924 in Ukraine, describes the sight of the Jews of Odessa living in sheepfolds; going with her mother to trade food for three overcoats; the Jews laying in the sheepfold very close together; rumors that the guard of the sheepfolds took gold from the Jews; hearing gunshots from a mass shooting of Jews; seeing burning corpses; and groups of Jews and Romani people being transferred to the village of Shirokiye Krinitsy, Ukraine.
Oral history interview with Valentina Kushnir
Oral History
Valentina Kushnir, born in 1928 in Kozubovka, Ukraine, describes three Jewish families hiding in the houses of their neighbors in Kozubovka; the raid of local Jews and their arrests by local policemen; the presence of Jews from other regions brought to Kozubovka and settled in sheepfolds; being sent by her mother to the sheepfolds to exchange food for clothes, and then giving away the food for nothing in return; the sight of Jews removing from the sheepfold the bodies of people who had died of hunger; witnessing the mass murder of the Jews by occupying forces; and the fire from the of burning corpses.
Oral history interview with Yelena Guda
Oral History
Yelena Guda, born in 1928 in Ukraine, describes the German occupation in Stepkovka village; the sight of a column of Jews, who had been transferred from different areas, as they were taken to be executed in Stepkovka; Romanian soldiers guarding the column, robbing prisoners and making them undress in freezing temperatures; the mass shooting of Jews; and the burial of the dead by policemen and soldiers of the Russian Liberation Army.
Oral history interview with Valentina Burkun
Oral History
Valentina Burkun, born in 1929 in Kuybyshevo (now Buz'ki Porohy), Ukraine, describes how she was relocated with other peasants in 1943 by German soldiers with dogs and policemen to perform labor near Bogdanovka; being ordered by the Germans to view a mass shooting of Jews near Bogdanovka; details of the mass killing including how Jews were lined up at the edge of a ravine by policemen and then shot; how many Jews were thrown into the ravine alive; the sight of a Jewish family who drowned themselves in a frozen river during the execution; a local policeman who defended the children of local peasants from beatings by German soldiers; receiving a beating after a translator told a commandant that she spoke negatively of him; and an incident in which a young man with a gun shot himself when German soldiers and policemen attempted to arrest him.
Oral history interview with Anastasiya Khomenko
Oral History
Anastasiya Khomenko, born in 1923 in Pokrovka, Ukraine, describes groups of Jews brought by German forces to her village of Pokrovka in 1942; a column of 200-300 Jews being marched to an execution site; seeing, through binoculars, the mass shooting of Jews near the edge of a ravine; how some of the people who fell into the ravine were still alive; and the further details of the mass killing.
Oral history interview with Lubov Radionova
Oral History
Lubov Radionva, born in 1920 in Bashtanka, Ukraine, describes a public hanging of men accused of setting fire to a machinery workshop; how villagers were forced to watch; the emotional reaction of the villages for which they were whipped by guards; the murder by German soldiers of Romani people who were brought to a collective farm in carts; her arrest for stealing German weapons for the underground movement; and her imprisonment for three days during which she was beaten.
Oral history interview with Ivan Slavinsky
Oral History
Ivan Slavinsky, born in 1923 in Ukraine, describes working on a collective farm in Bashtanka during the German occupation; a public hanging of men accused of setting fire to a machinery workshop; how villagers were forced to watch the hangings; fear experienced by the onlookers; and details of how each of the victims was killed.
Oral history interview with Viktor Matveyev
Oral History
Viktor Matveyev, born in 1931 in Ukraine, describes a time period before the German occupation when villagers from Snegirevka helped Jews escape across the river in exchange for money; a transit camp for prisoners of war in the courtyard of the church of Snegirevka; a column of prisoners of war guarded by other prisoners; a selection of Jews and communists from the ranks of prisoners of war for execution by shooting in 1941; forced labor for the remaining prisoners of war in Snegirevka; beatings administered to prisoners of war for drinking water from a well; local women throwing bread to the prisoners of war, and guards shooting those who tried to retrieve the bread; a flood in 1942 which revealed the corpses of executed prisoners; witnessing a group of local Jews being taken away to be shot; being pulled out of school in 1943 to witness the execution, committed by policemen, of a mixed marriage family in which the father was a Jewish and the mother was a non-Jewish Ukrainian or Russian; how the father of the family had to first dig their grave; and the public hanging of several people who committed an act of sabotage on the railroad.
Oral history interview with Yelena Komarenko
Oral History
Yelena Komarenko, born in 1925 in Snegirevka, Ukraine, describes witnessing the executions of Jews and prisoners of war in 1941 or 1942; how victims were shot into an anti-tank ditch with automatic weapons; and the participation of local policemen.
Oral history interview with Andrey Grabovenko
Oral History
Andrey Grabovenko, born in 1929 in Voznesensk, Ukraine, describes living in Marinovka (Marynivka) during the occupation; the sight of columns of Jews, guarded by Romanian soldiers and policemen, being transported from Domanevka to Pervomaisk; the guards beating the Jews who moved without resistance; the Jewish families of Marinovka, including a friend and the mailman; the arrest of the Jewish families by policemen; the execution of local Jews by Romanian soldiers; and the trial and execution of the police commander after the war.
Oral history interview with Vasile Ştirbiţchi
Oral History
Vasile Ştirbiţchi, born in 1927 in Ukraine, describes the prewar Jewish families in Boian village which included some wealthy families; his Jewish classmate; local townspeople who looted Jewish homes and helped gather Jews after the start of the war following rumors that Jews in the city of Cernăuți were shooting at the Romanian army; the murder of a Jewish teacher and her daughter in their home; Romanian soldiers shooting groups of Jews on the edge of a pit; his Jewish neighbor who was discovered while hiding and killed at the pit; hearing the gunfire but not being able to see the shooting as a result of the number of onlookers gathered; the arrival of the head of the Romanian gendarmerie, who ordered the shootings of Jews to stop; the transfer of Jews in horse carts to Transnistria; and an antisemitic song sung by Romanian Nazis.
Oral history interview with Emilia Gostiuc
Oral History
Emilia Gostiuc, born in 1929 in Boian (Boiany), Ukraine, describes the nationalistic sentiment during the interwar years in Boian village; the beginning of the war and the arrival of German soldiers in her village; the violent campaign against the Jewish population following the arrival of German forces, including incidents in which local townspeople dragged Jews from their homes and beat them or brought them to the center of the village where they were shot; brutality and murder committed by Romanian villagers against Jews; an incident in which a Jewish woman, hiding in a field, was discovered by a gang of teenage boys who dragged her away; her fear of persecution because of her Polish heritage; a mass shooting of Jews near a pit in the center of the village; how some local townspeople brought Jews they had caught in the village to the killing site; and the looting of Jewish property by local townspeople.
Oral history interview with Constantin Padure
Oral History
Constantin Padure, born in 1928 in Ciudei village (Chudeĭ), Ukraine, describes witnessing a group of local townspeople and Romanian soldiers break into a home and drag away a Jewish woman; his mother insistence that he run from returning Soviet soldiers whom she thought would harm him; fleeing to the center of the village; hearing gun shots and screams from a former prison; approaching the building and realizing that the shots were occurring on the top floor; seeing bodies thrown out a window near the staircase; the sight of a Jewish woman who was thrown into a burial pit alive; his assumption that Jews were killed as a result of their suspected collaboration with Soviet forces; brutality committed by Romanian soldiers against the Jewish population for welcoming Soviet forces in 1940; the smell of the mass burial pits; the killing of communists along with Jews; the looting of Jewish property by local townspeople; and one local Jewish man who survived the war and later testified against those who harmed Jews or stole their property.
Oral history interview with Constantin Burla
Oral History
Constantin Burla, born in 1927 in Ciudei village (Chudeĭ), Ukraine, describes the prewar Jewish population of Ciudei, his Jewish classmates; tending cows in a field when he heard gunfire and shouts from a former prison; the sight of victims being thrown out a staircase window; a group of soldiers and townspeople who, covered in blood, dragged corpses to mass pits; the 2 to 3 days during which groups of Jews were brought to the killing site; watching the events of the massacre on each day; entering the former prison afterwards and seeing bullet marks on the walls and blood on the floor; seeing a Jewish classmate driven through the village with other Jews; the shooting of two local Romanian villagers for collaborating with Soviet activists; how one Romanian villager managemd to escape after being thrown into the mass pit; the smell of the mass burial pits; the looting of Jewish homes by local townspeople and people from nearby villages; the rumor that Jews were killed because they fought against Romanian forces; a Jewish man who was hidden by local townspeople and returned to Ciudei after the war; and the postwar trial of local townspeople for their participation in the murder of Jews.
Oral history interview with Dumitru Luchian
Oral History
Dumitru Luchian, born in 1930 in Igeshti (Yizhivtsi or ЇZHivtsi), Ukraine, describes the prewar Jewish community of Ciudei; his understanding that Jewish civilians shot at passing Romanian soldiers; mass murders of the Jewish community by Romanian soldiers and local townspeople; the looting of Jewish owned homes; his father hiding three Jewish men and aiding their escape; local collaborators who assisted in the persecution of the Jews; and the prosecution of local collaborators after the war.
Oral history interview with Floria Alexandriuc
Oral History
Floria Alexandriuc, born in 1928 in Budinetz village, Ukraine, describes the mass murder of the Jewish community by local townspeople and the actions of townspeople who searched for Jews and Soviet activists.
Oral history interview with Veronica Babiuc
Oral History
Veronica Babiuc, born in 1928 in Budinetz village, Ukraine, describes the prewar Jewish community of Budinetz village; a local townsperson who hid a Jewish family and then turned them in upon learning that anyone caught hiding Jews would be punished; mass shootings of Jews; and the looting of Jewish owned homes.
Oral history interview with Ivan Ruban
Oral History
Ivan Ruban, born 1928 in Budinetz, Ukraine, describes the murder of a Jewish family by a local townsperson in 1941 and the town's mayor who escaped to Romania to avoid punishment from Soviet forces.
Oral history interview with Ion Lutic
Oral History
Ion Lutic, born in 1932 in Iordaneshti village, Ukraine, describes the prewar Jewish community of Iordaneshti village; prewar antisemitic activities committed by Cuzist party members; a round up of local Jews by local Cuzist party members; bringing milk to the imprisoned Jewish children; the deportation of the local Jewish community; and the sight of two murdered Jewish girls in a ravine.
Oral history interview with Vasile Bojescu
Oral History
Vasile Bojescu, born in 1920 in Iordaneshti, Ukraine, describes the beginning of the war; the arrival of Romanian soldiers in his village; local townspeople who participated in the persecution of the Jewish community; the deportation of the Jewish community; witnessing the murder of two Jewish citizens by local townspeople; the looting of Jewish owned homes; his forced labor in Romania in 1943; returning to his hometown in 1944; and the prosecution of local collaborators who assisted in the persecution of Jews.
Oral history interview with Varvara Meglei
Oral History
Varvara Meglei, born in 1930 in Iordaneshti, Ukraine, describes the prewar Jewish community of Iordaneshti; a mass shooting and burial of Jews; one local Jewish man who returned to Iordaneshti after the war; and the punishment of a local collaborator after the war.
Oral history interview with Ivan Guleaev
Oral History
Ivan Guleaev, born in 1927 in Stara Jadova (Stara ZHadova), Ukraine, describes the sight of a column of Jews being marched by German soldiers; a roundup of local Jews; the rape of a Jewish girl; the sight of unburied corpses; the looting of Jewish owned property; and his thoughts on the relations between Jews and non-Jews.
Oral history interview with Eleonora Bizovii
Oral History
Eleonora Bizovii, born in 1932 in Boian village, Ukraine, describes the close relationship between her family and a Jewish family; the roundup and mass murder of Jews in the center of the town by local townspeople; the sight of a column of Jews guarded by Romanian soldiers; hearing about one local Jewish girl who survived and later immigrated to the United States; and the reburial of mass murder victims after the war.
Oral history interview with Nicolae Soponariu
Oral History
Nicolae Soponariu, born in 1929 in Pasat village, Ukraine, describes the prewar Jewish community of Pasat village; the evacuation of local Jewish families before the arrival of Romanian forces; the murder of several Jews by a local townsperson; the punishment of local collaborators by Soviet forces; and the arrest of his cousin by NKVD members after the war; and his cousin's death while incarcerated.
Oral history interview with Anatolii Zbihli
Oral History
Anatolii Zbihli, born 1935 in Ciudei village, Ukraine, describes the prewar Jewish community of Ciudei village; his mother's attempt to secure the release of a Jewish doctor; the roundup and deportation of local Jews; a mass shooting of Jews in 1943 by local townspeople; the looting of Jewish owned property by local townspeople; and visiting the mass murder site.
Oral history interview with Floarea Zahara
Oral History
Floarea Zahara, born in 1921 in Arbore village, Romania, describes the prewar Jewish community of Boian; living in Cernăuți (Chernivtsi) at the beginning of the war; the Cernăuți ghetto; giving food to the children in the ghetto; witnessing soldiers push Jews from the ghetto onto a truck and take them away; and antisemitic rumors after the war.
Oral history interview with Anastasia Mihailiuk
Oral History
Anastasia Mihailiuk, born in 1934 in Cernăuți (Chernivtsi), Ukraine, describes the prewar Jewish community of Cernăuți; mass murders of local Jews by Romanian soldiers, including her neighbors; and the transport and disposal of the victims' corpses.
Oral history interview with Filipina Dudchak
Oral History
Filipina Dudchak, born in 1928 in Cernăuţi (Chernivtsi), Ukraine, describes the prewar Jewish community of Cernăuţi and her Jewish classmates; an antisemitic song; restrictions placed upon the Jewish community during the war; forced labor; mass murders of local Jews by Romanian soldiers; the sight of a large cart moving the corpses of Jewish victims; and the Jewish ghetto in Cernăuţi.
Oral history interview with Silvia Julinskaia
Oral History
Silvia Julinskaia, born in 1927 in Budinetz village, Ukraine, describes the prewar Jewish community of Budinetz village; witnessing the murder of a Jewish woman by a local townsperson; local townspeople looting the body of the murdered woman; the looting of Jewish owned homes; and the mass murder of the Jewish population.
Oral history interview with Bronislava Voititka
Oral History
Bronislava Voititka, born in 1933 in Ceresh village, Ukraine, describes the prewar Jewish community of Ceresh village; her father going into hiding upon the arrival of Romanian forces because of his role in the Soviet government; a pogrom against the Jewish community at the beginning of the war; roundups and columns of Jews going toward Budinetz village escorted by Romanian soldiers; hearing that groups of Jews were killed and buried in Ciudei; and the looting of Jewish owned homes.
Oral history interview with Olga Vorobet
Oral History
Oral history interview with Erzsébet Tóber
Oral History
Oral history interview with Ilona Szenek
Oral History
Oral history interview with Mária Milcsevics Lengyel
Oral History
Oral history interview with Gizella Tuba Nyeste
Oral History
Oral history interview with Magda Kovács
Oral History
Oral history interview with András Kovács
Oral History
Oral history interview with Magda Juhász Mihok
Oral History
Oral history interview with Erzsébet Farkas Bíró
Oral History
Oral history interview with Erzsébet Király Huzina
Oral History
Oral history interview with Ilona Ricsei Huzina
Oral History
Oral history interview with Tatyana Sukorkina
Oral History
Oral history interview with Gizella Bagu Vorcsák
Oral History
Oral history interview with Mária Ryabec Fedák
Oral History
Oral history interview with Veronika Bolyó Tuba
Oral History
Oral history interview with Elemér Kishegyi
Oral History
Oral history interview with Vilma Derczeni Siró
Oral History
Oral history interview with Borbála Kiss Kaufmann
Oral History
Oral history interview with András Csók
Oral History
Oral history interview with Erzsébet Tekerman Nagy
Oral History
Oral history interview with Jolán Halász Péter
Oral History
Oral history interview with Berta Újvári Lukács
Oral History
Oral history interview with Erzsébet Derczeni Máthé
Oral History
Oral history interview with Irén Debreczeni Sas
Oral History
Oral history interview with Ilona Erdős Balla
Oral History
Oral history interview with Istvan Petnehazy
Oral History
Oral history interview with Ilona Varga Ricsey
Oral History
Oral history interview with Erzsébet Bakau Sverha
Oral History
Oral history interview with Anna Vizauer Csanádi
Oral History
Oral history interview with Etelka Fenyvesi Morvai
Oral History
Oral history interview with György Csanádi
Oral History
Oral history interview with István Gogola
Oral History
Oral history interview with Miklós Olasz
Oral History
Oral history interview with Irén Baksa Hunák
Oral History
Oral history interview with Berta Bernát Bimbo
Oral History
Oral history interview with Julia Paulé
Oral History
Oral history interview with Milos Körn
Oral History
Oral history interview with Jurak Olekszij
Oral History
Oral history interview with Gertrud Szedlak Sumin
Oral History
Oral history interview with Anna Hatyko Versler
Oral History
Oral history interview with Erzsebet Minich
Oral History
Oral history interview with Alojzia Tuser
Oral History
Oral history interview with Istvan Brandisz
Oral History
Oral history interview with Fannika Morozsuk
Oral History
Oral history interview with Maria Krampatics
Oral History
Oral history interview with Margit Zadranszky
Oral History
Oral history interview with Szidonia Macsek
Oral History
Oral history interview with Jurij Demedjuk
Oral History
Oral history interview with Margit Nagy
Oral History
Oral history interview with Erzsebet Gajdos
Oral History
Oral history interview with Béla Palkó
Oral History
Oral history interview with Erzsébet Padó
Oral History
Oral history interview with Irén Molnar Benedek
Oral History
Oral history interview with Erzsébet Elza Kontros
Oral History
Oral history interview with István Lukács
Oral History
Oral history interview with Mária Biró Palatic
Oral History
Oral history interview with Ilona Fepics Kolbasz
Oral History
Oral history interview with Mária Franc Csajkovszki
Oral History
Oral history interview with Fedor Stefanyuk
Oral History
Oral history interview with Júlia Tóth Moldován
Oral History
Oral history interview with Margit Keresztény Korosi
Oral History
Oral history interview with Berta Fedora Reporuk
Oral History
Oral history interview with Olena Kovbasznyuk
Oral History
Oral history interview with Mihajlo Kovbasznyuk
Oral History
Oral history interview with Anna Pizynik Plasztunyak
Oral History
Oral history interview with Maria Dubjk Morozjuk
Oral History
Oral history interview with Istvan Milcsevics
Oral History
Oral history interview with Margit Gregus
Oral History
Oral history interview with Erzsébet Bodor Lenyo
Oral History
Oral history interview with Mária Junász Kovács
Oral History
Oral history interview with György Dolgos
Oral History
Oral history interview with Etel Horbács
Oral History
Oral history interview with Magdolna Cip Huncelizer
Oral History
Oral history interview with Julia Varga
Oral History
Oral history interview with Evdokiy Tomiy
Oral History
Oral history interview with Katerina Tomiy
Oral History